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The Hero and the Anti-hero as Literary Terms

شخصيتا البطل و اللابطل كمفهومين أدبيين

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 Publication date 2014
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This paper aims at shedding critical light upon the character of the "anti-hero" in English literature; therefore, it first offers a critical definition of the hero and the qualities which he has such as virtue, bravery, magnanimity and goodness. Then it moves to compare the hero with anti-hero who is characterized by cowardice, deceit and evil. It also traces the incidences of the anti-hero in several literary works which center upon him which will help us formulate a clear vision of this character.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تهدف هذه الورقة إلى تسليط الضوء النقدي على شخصية 'اللابطل' في الأدب الإنجليزي. تبدأ الورقة بتقديم تعريف نقدي لمصطلح 'البطل' والصفات التي يتحلى بها مثل الفضيلة والشجاعة والعظمة وحب الخير. ثم تنتقل إلى مقارنة البطل باللابطل الذي يتصف بالجبن والمكر والخداع والشر. كما ترصد الورقة ظهور شخصية اللابطل في العديد من الأعمال الأدبية التي تمحورت حول هذه الشخصية، مما يساعد على تشكيل رؤية واضحة لهذه الشخصية. تتناول الورقة أيضًا تطور مفهوم البطل عبر التاريخ الأدبي، بدءًا من البطل الأسطوري وصولاً إلى البطل الساخر. كما تستعرض الورقة مجموعة من الكتاب الذين ساهموا في تشكيل مفهوم اللابطل في الأدب الإنجليزي، مثل مجموعة 'الشباب الغاضبون' في بريطانيا بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية. تقدم الورقة أيضًا تعريفًا لمصطلح 'اللابطل' وتاريخه وأمثلة على شخصيات اللابطل في الأدب العالمي.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تقدم الورقة بحثًا شاملاً ومفصلاً عن مفهوم البطل واللابطل في الأدب الإنجليزي، مما يضيف قيمة كبيرة للأدب النقدي. ومع ذلك، يمكن القول أن الورقة تفتقر إلى تحليل أعمق للأسباب النفسية والاجتماعية التي تدفع الشخصيات لتصبح لابطلة. كما أن الورقة تركز بشكل كبير على الأدب الإنجليزي فقط، مما يحد من شمولية الدراسة. كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر ثراءً إذا تضمنت مقارنة بين شخصيات اللابطل في الأدب الإنجليزي والأدب العالمي.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الورقة البحثية؟

    الهدف الرئيسي هو تسليط الضوء النقدي على شخصية 'اللابطل' في الأدب الإنجليزي ومقارنتها بشخصية 'البطل'.

  2. ما هي الصفات التي يتحلى بها 'البطل' وفقًا للورقة؟

    البطل يتحلى بالفضيلة والشجاعة والعظمة وحب الخير.

  3. من هم 'الشباب الغاضبون' وما دورهم في الأدب الإنجليزي؟

    الشباب الغاضبون هم مجموعة من الكتاب البريطانيين بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية الذين عكسوا التغيرات الاجتماعية في بريطانيا وانتقدوا التقاليد الاجتماعية والسياسية.

  4. ما هي الانتقادات التي يمكن توجيهها لهذه الورقة البحثية؟

    يمكن انتقاد الورقة لعدم تناولها الأسباب النفسية والاجتماعية التي تدفع الشخصيات لتصبح لابطلة، ولتركيزها الكبير على الأدب الإنجليزي فقط دون مقارنة بالأدب العالمي.


References used
Abrams, M. H.A Glossary of Literary Terms. Fort Worth: Harcourt B. College Publishers, 1999
Aristotle. Poetics. Trans.N. Kalayc. Ankara: BilimveSanat, 2005. Auden, W. H. "Ironic Hero: Some Reflections on Don Quixote,"Horizon1949
Baldick, C. The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001
Brombert, Victor. In Praise of Antiheroes: Figures and Themes in Modern EuropeanLiterature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999
Campbell, Joseph. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. New JerseyPrinceton,2004
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