System Between Method and Hermeneutica

The article has been split into two main parts; the first concerns illustrating the nature of the relation between method and text and which one is prior to another. We discriminated three main opinions in the history of philosophy, which are: • The first opinion is adopted by those who prioritize System to method. • While the second opinion believers tend to prioritize method to System. • The third opinion favors merging and unifying method and system. We worked on analyzing and discussing these opinions, and tried exposing their disadvantages, and expressed our opinions in this particular. The second part of the article is concerned with analyzing how to read a philosophy text, in which we discriminated two types of readings: • A closed interpretational reading. • And a hermeneutical open reading.

Approaches of literary composition in the third Hijri century

This research highlights two main approaches that are used in the most distinguished literary books in the Hijri third century: The first one is digression. This approach is based on the spontaneous transferring of the readers from a subject or idea to another without a logical connection. This approach may include a hint of confusion and a lack of methodicalness. It may also hide denotations, intentions and viewpoints that could not be made explicit. Al-Jahez (255 Hijri) is the most prominent representative of the approach in his two books (Al-Hayawan) and (Al-Bayan and Altabyeen), Al-Jahez is truly considered the real founder of digression. The second one is the approach of categorization and classification that is based on arranging the cognitive, homogeneous vocabulary and putting them within one chapter with a specific title. In his book (Uyoun Al-akhbar), Ibn Qutaibah is considered the first to begin this method by dividing his book into categories. Each of these categories include a set of partly homogeneous news. This is because he does not want to completely break away from the tradition of digression used by his predecessors. Ibn Qutaibah's work was a leading stage in the field of categorizing and classification. As for the book (Al–Kamel) by Al–Mubarred; in spite of dividing this book to chapters, it does not hold the essence of categorization, and the division was just formal.

The Approach and Method in Human Geography

It is important for any science –including Human Geography- to follow the scientific development and to keep up with other sciences, to develop the elements of scientific research system, the most prominent ones of which are: Approach, and Method.

Books of Arabic Heritage on: " Faaltu and Afaltu" (A Semantic Approach)

The aim of this research is to study the phenomenon of ( faalto _afalto ) in the heritage books , which has reached us ,the focus will be on its value in the linguistic thought ,and the method of handling the studied linguistic subject. then will try to study the difference between those two formula in the light of the heritage and modern views depending on the descriptive and analytical method .