Extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has failed to manage renal
stones > 2cm in diameter. Percutaneous nephrolothotomy lithotripsy (PCNL) has proved to be a very
effective alternative. This study is the first study in Syria about PCNL, ref
lecting our own experience.
To review and to evaluate the results of percutaneous lithotripsy (PCNL) for kidney stones, especially in
regard of indications, steps of the procedures and possible complications.
The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of lead and cadmium in the
meat, liver and kidney of sheep exposed in the local markets of the city of Latakia, and to
compare the results with those reported by other countries and with the
maximum
acceptable levels for human consumption, Lead and cadmium were determined by atomic
absorption spectrometry (AAS).
The mean concentrations of lead in meat, liver and kidney were 0.043, 0.284 and
0.118 mg/kg fresh weights, respectively, while mean concentrations of cadmium were
0.017, 0.173 and 0.252 mg/kg fresh weights, respectively. Statistical analysis showed a
significant difference in lead and cadmium concentrations between liver and kidney and in
meat.
This study aimed to provide an assessment of some anatomical
characteristics of the formal comparison to the kidneys of dogs
and sheep by studying of macroscopic anatomical differences and
morphometric measurement between the studied kidneys . (20
)
Kidneys were taken randomly during the slaughter of ten heads of
sheep in the local slaughterhouses, regardless of gender and age ,
Animals were clinically free of diseases and (20) kidneys were
taken from ten local stray dogs and regardless of gender and age ,
Animals were clinically free of diseases . the study showed the
presence of Morvomitrih differences in kidney (length – width -
thickness - weight) and some anatomical variations (renal pelvis -
renal Columns )between the kidneys of sheep and dogs. The study
pointed out there are many similarities between the kidneys of
sheep and dogs whereas revealed the length of the dogs kidneys.
