This research was conducted at Izraa research station of The General
Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research during the growing season
2010/2011 to study the performance of six durum wheat varieties at early
growth stage under water defici
t stress. The experiment was designed using
randomized complete block design with three replication. The statistical
analysis results of the experiment clearly showed genetic variations among
cultivars under water stress. Drought stress caused a depression in all studied
traits. Mean yield decreased in average 31.7 %. The number of spiks/ m2 was
the most trait affected by drought stress, It decreased in average 29.1% while
biological yield decreased in average 24.26%. It was observed that the number
of spikes per m2 was the highest in the variety Hourani (191) and the highest
number of grain per spike (34.1) whereas the variety Bohouth7 and the variety
hourani recorded the highest thousand grain weight (40.5 g). The statistical
analysis results showed that the variety Cha5 a achieved the highest grain yield
per m2 (239.4 g), whereas, the variety Bohouth7 recorded the lowest grain yield
per m2 (182.8 g), under water deficit stress conditions.
This study was conducted in a pot experiment during 2012-2013 to investigate the
response of four Syrian bread wheat cultivars (Sham 4, Sham 6, Bohouth 4, and Bohouth
6) to increasing levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 k
g N/h).
Nitrogen was added in two equal split applications, half was added as urea (46% N) at
sowing, and the second half was added as ammonium nitrate (33.5 % N) at tillerring and
stem elongation stage. Some growth and productivity parameters were investigated.
Nitrogen application led in all four cultivars to significant increase in number of
tillers, productive on the expense of non-productive tillers. This was accompanied by a
significant increase in number of spikes on plant and number and weight of grain in the
spike. Sham 6 had a higher number of productive tillers at nitrogen rate of application 200
kg N/h, whereas Bohouth 4 had a greater height for main stems and tillers compared to
other cultivars.
Grain productivity increased with the first level of nitrogen application (40 kg N/h)
by a rate of 53, 57, 55, and 48 % for cultivars Sham 4, Sham 6, Bohouth 4, and Bohouth 6,
respectively. Grain yield reached with nitrogen application of 200 kg N/h to 15.89, 15.96,
13.6, and 15.7 ton/h, respectively. Cultivars differed significantly in grain yield within
each nitrogen application level. Grain yield for Bohouth 6 got closer to Sham 4 and Sham
6 with nitrogen application reaching 160 kg N/h, and after which became not significantly
different, while grain yield of Bohouth 4 remains significantly lower compared to all
cultivars.
A half diallel set of crosses among six inbred lines of maize were evaluated at the
Maize Research Department (G.C.S.A.R.) in Damascus Governorate during 2010 and 2011
growing seasons to estimate heterosis and combining ability components for the n
umber of
rows per ear, number of kernels per ear, ear length (cm), ear diameter(cm), 100-kernel
weight (g), and grain yield (ton /hec).
The inbred lines, crosses, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining
ability (SCA) mean squares were highly significant for all the studied traits, showing the
existence of a genetic variance among lines.
The ratios of GCA to SCA detected for the studied traits showed the dominance of an
additive gene action for all the studied traits except for 100-kernel weight and grain yield
which showed the predominance of a non-additive gene action.
The heterosis percentage for the studied traits was significant based on mid and
better parents.
The GCA effects showed that the lines CML.317, CML.371, CML.373 and
CML.367 were good general combiners for grain yield, while the SCA effects showed that
seven hybrids were the best F1 cross combinations such as (CML.317×CML.371) for grain
yield.
Eight varieties of soft wheat T.aestivum L. were used in the study, four of which
were local (sham 6, sham 8, sham 10 and bohoth 4) and four introduced varieties obtained
from the Scientific Agricultural Research Center (Tugela, Betta, Bezenchukska
ya98 and
saratovskaya210) and grown during the periods (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) at Qabu Al
Awwamiyya near Lattakia City. The following readings were taken for the studied
varieties (yield, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, weight of 1000
grains, protein content proportion of gluten, ash, and moisture content). Data was analyzed
statistically using an analysis of variance. The results showed significant differences
between the local and introduced varieties on the one hand, and between the varieties
themselves on the other hand. Local varieties were better than the introduced varieties with
regards to the protein content, moisture content, proportion of gluten, yield, spike length,
number of spikelets per spike, and the 1000-grain weight. The introduced varieties
however were superior in plant height and ash. The best varieties among local varieties
were (Sham 6 and Sham 10), and Betta among the introduced ones.
This study was carried out at Karahta Station of Field Crop
Research, General Commission of Agricultural Scientific Researches
during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 cropping seasons in order to determine the
phenotypic correlation coefficient between the traits and the path coefficients
analysis for the most affected traits in grain yield.
This study was carried out through the cooperation between Faculty of
Agricultural Damascus University and General Commission of Agricultural
Scientific Researches in Karahta station of field crops researches during 2010-
2011 and 2011-2012 succes
sive seasons. Four hybrids of durum wheat namely
(Duma1*Sauady), (Buhuth9*Q88), (Sham7*Q130) and (Horaney*Q131) were
evaluated to estimate heritability, genetic advance, heterosis and inbreeding
depression for days to heading ,grain filing period, plant height, number of
spikes per plant, and number of grains per plant. The mean average for all
these traits revealed highly significant differences among crosses. Low in
protein content trait (23-69%), medium in grain yield per plant (38-70) and
high heritability in thousand kernel weight (62-81%) were found. All hybrids
showed the highest for both mid and better parents heterosis for protein
content and gluten traits. High heritability was accompanied by high genetic
advance for thousand kernel weight. Low heritability was coupled with low
genetic advance for grain yield per plant, protein content and gluten. However,
greater magnitude of heritability coupled with higher genetic advance in some
traits provided that these parameters were under the control of additive genetic
effects. This indicates that selection should lead to fast genetic improvement of
the material. Moreover, the high genetic correlations for most of the traits,
suggested a strong inherent association among these traits at the genetic level.
Thus these traits deserve better attention in future breeding programs for
evolving better wheat in stress environments.
The fourth fillial generation with their parents p1 and p2 for four crosses in
six row barley (Hordium vulgare L.): Jezera1 x Badya, Tadmer x Arivat,
Rehan x Bendict and Rum x Forest. The seeds were planted in 2007 using
R.C.B.D. with four replica
tions. The data were recorded for the traits; maturity
time, number of spikes, spike length, grain yield, weight of 1000 grains and
number of grains per spike, to estimate average degree of dominance,
heritability and expected genetic advance from selection.. The results showed
that over dominance were presence for the studied traits. The values of broad
sense heritability were high for the studied traits in the all crosses. The values
of narrow sense heritability were (1) high for number of spikes in the all
crosses, maturity time, grain yield and spike length in the second and fourth
crosses and weight of 1000 grains in the second cross(2) low for the weight of
1000 grains and number of grains per spike in the fourth cross.(3) moderately
for the other traits. The results of this study indicated that selection will be
effective to obtain superior strains in the four crosses for the studied traits
except spike length and weight of 1000 grains in the second cross. Therefore
recurrent selection will be suggested to increase the desirable genes.
Twelve genotypes were tested for grain yield in three diverse
locations seasons 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. The genetic
material contained 7 promising lines and five checks
representing the local and improved cultivars durum wheat for
Zoon (A, B) in Syria.
This study was carried out during 2010-2011 growing seasons at the
Maize Researches Department (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus. To estimate
heterosis for number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, 100- kernel
weight, and grain yield.
The Experiment was conducted during the successive growing
seasons (2013/2014- 2014/2015) where half–diallel hybridization was
conducted between eight genotypes of bread wheat.
