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Genetic variability, heritability and heterosis in improvement of grain yield and quality traits in the hybrids of Durum wheat (Triticum durum L.)

التباين الوراثي و درجة التوريث و قوة الهجين في تحسين الغلة الحبية و الصفات النوعية لهجن من القمح القاسي

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 Publication date 2013
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This study was carried out through the cooperation between Faculty of Agricultural Damascus University and General Commission of Agricultural Scientific Researches in Karahta station of field crops researches during 2010- 2011 and 2011-2012 successive seasons. Four hybrids of durum wheat namely (Duma1*Sauady), (Buhuth9*Q88), (Sham7*Q130) and (Horaney*Q131) were evaluated to estimate heritability, genetic advance, heterosis and inbreeding depression for days to heading ,grain filing period, plant height, number of spikes per plant, and number of grains per plant. The mean average for all these traits revealed highly significant differences among crosses. Low in protein content trait (23-69%), medium in grain yield per plant (38-70) and high heritability in thousand kernel weight (62-81%) were found. All hybrids showed the highest for both mid and better parents heterosis for protein content and gluten traits. High heritability was accompanied by high genetic advance for thousand kernel weight. Low heritability was coupled with low genetic advance for grain yield per plant, protein content and gluten. However, greater magnitude of heritability coupled with higher genetic advance in some traits provided that these parameters were under the control of additive genetic effects. This indicates that selection should lead to fast genetic improvement of the material. Moreover, the high genetic correlations for most of the traits, suggested a strong inherent association among these traits at the genetic level. Thus these traits deserve better attention in future breeding programs for evolving better wheat in stress environments.

References used
Acevedo, E., P. Silver, H. Silver and B. Solar. 2000. Wheat production in Mediterranean environments. In: Satorre, E. H. and G. A. Slafer (eds). Wheat ecology and physiology of yield determination. Food Products Press, An imprint of the Haworth Press, Inc, New York .London. Oxford Pp. 296- 331
Ali, Z.A. S. Kham., and M. A. Asad. 2002. Drought tolerance in wheat : Genetic variation and ion relation. Asian Journal of Plant Science. 1: 420-422
Bhutta, M. A., S. Azhar, and M. A. Chowdhry.1997. Combining ability studis for yield and its components in spring wheat (triticum aestivum L.). Jornal of Agricultural Research (Pakistan). 35(5): 353- 359
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This study was carried out at Karahta Station of Field Crop Research, General Commission of Agricultural Scientific Researches during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 cropping seasons in order to determine the phenotypic correlation coefficient between the traits and the path coefficients analysis for the most affected traits in grain yield.
The present investigation was conducted during 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 growing seasons at Karahta station for field crops research, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Researches (G.C.S.A.R.), Syria. Forty five hybrids F1 produced using a half diallel cross among ten bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, in 2010/2011 season, were evaluated during 2011/2012 season in order to study som of the genetic parameters for grain yield per plant, its components, some morphophysiological and quality traits to determine the basic criteria for selection.
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