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Register a new userEstimation of heterosis for grain yield and its components in yellow Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
تقدير قوة الهجين لصفة الغلة الحبية و مكوناتها في هجن من الذرة الصفراء (Zea mays L)
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Aِl-Baath University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2016
fields
Field Crops
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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أجري هذا البحث في قسم بحوث الذرة التابع للهيئة العامّة للبحوث العلميّة الزراعيّة في دمشق خلال الموسمين الزراعيين (2010,2011) بهدف تقدير قوة الهجين في صفات: (عدد الصفوف بالعرنوس، طول و قطر العرنوس، وزن المئة حبّة، و الغلة الحبية) لخمسة عشر هجينا فرديا ناتجة عن التهجين نصف التبادلي لست سلالات مرباة داخليا من الذرة الصفراء السلمونية.
This study was carried out during 2010-2011 growing seasons at the Maize Researches Department (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus. To estimate heterosis for number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, 100- kernel weight, and grain yield.
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Research summary
أجري هذا البحث في قسم بحوث الذرة التابع للهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية في دمشق خلال الموسمين الزراعيين 2010-2011 بهدف تقدير قوة الهجين في صفات عدد الصفوف بالعرنوس، طول وقطر العرنوس، وزن المئة حبة، والغلّة الحبية لخمسة عشر هجيناً فردياً ناتجة عن التهجين نصف التبادلي لست سلالات مرباة داخلياً من الذرة الصفراء. أظهرت النتائج تبايناً معنوياً في جميع الصفات المدروسة، مما يؤكد التباعد الوراثي والجغرافي بين السلالات الأبوية الداخلة في عملية التهجين. حقق الهجين (CML.330 × IL.26-09) أعلى قوة هجين في صفات طول العرنوس، قطر العرنوس، وزن المئة حبة، والغلّة الحبية (15 طن/هـ). كما أظهرت السلالات (CML.334، CML.330، IL.26-09) اتحادات هجينية مرغوبة لمعظم الصفات المدروسة. توصي الدراسة بمتابعة تقييم الهجن المتميزة وإدخال السلالات الفعالة في برامج تربية الذرة الصفراء.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة ذات أهمية كبيرة في مجال تحسين إنتاجية الذرة الصفراء من خلال استنباط هجن جديدة ذات إنتاجية عالية. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض الملاحظات النقدية لتحسين جودة البحث. أولاً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل مواسم زراعية إضافية لضمان استقرار النتائج عبر الزمن. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى تأثير العوامل البيئية المختلفة على الصفات المدروسة، مما قد يؤثر على تعميم النتائج. أخيراً، كان من الممكن تضمين تحليل اقتصادي لتكلفة إنتاج الهجن الجديدة مقارنة بالأصناف التقليدية، مما يعزز من فائدة الدراسة للمزارعين وصناع القرار.
Questions related to the research
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ما هي الصفات التي تم دراستها في هذا البحث؟
تم دراسة عدد الصفوف بالعرنوس، طول وقطر العرنوس، وزن المئة حبة، والغلّة الحبية.
-
ما هو الهجين الذي حقق أعلى قوة هجين في معظم الصفات المدروسة؟
الهجين (CML.330 × IL.26-09) حقق أعلى قوة هجين في صفات طول العرنوس، قطر العرنوس، وزن المئة حبة، والغلّة الحبية.
-
ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة؟
أوصت الدراسة بمتابعة تقييم الهجن المتميزة وإدخال السلالات الفعالة في برامج تربية الذرة الصفراء.
-
ما هي أهمية هذه الدراسة في مجال الزراعة؟
تأتي أهمية الدراسة من كونها تهدف إلى استنباط هجن من الذرة الصفراء ذات إنتاجية عالية، مما يساهم في تحقيق التنمية الزراعية المستدامة.
References used
ABD EL ATY, M.S. and KATTA, Y.S. 2002, Estimation of heterosis and combining ability for yield and other agronomic traits in maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). J. Agric. Sci., Mansoura Univ., Vol. 27,No. 8, 5137-5146
AL- KADDOUSSI, A. R.; H. A. RABIE; F. A. EL- ZEIR and S. TH. M. MOUSA. 2004, General and specific combining ability for some physiological characters and yield of maize (Zea mays, L). Zagazig. J. Agric. Res., Vol. 31, No. 1, 1-30
BEADLE, G.W. 1939, Teosinte and the origin of maize. Heredity. J. Vol. 30, 245-247
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as an intensive crop during 201 and 2012 growing seasons. Using the
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some genetic indices for grain yiel
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components (number of kernels per row, number of rows per ear, ear length,
ear diameter, the weight of whole ear, whole kernel weight and grain yield and
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action appeared to be controlling number of kernel per row, number of rows
per ear, ear length, ear diameter،,grain yiel, the weight of whole ea, kernel
weight indicating less selection cycles are required to improve yield depending
on its components.
The present investigation was undertaken to estimate phenotypic
correlation and path coefficient analysis for grain yield and its components in
maize. Four local genotypes of yellow maize were evaluated in 2008 and 2009
growing seasons at two loca
tions i.e. Damascus and Dir Al-Zor under three
nitrogen fertilization levels (130, 195 and 260 of N. ha-1), The nitrogen fertilizer
was applied at two splits. Split split plot design was used with 4 replications.
Results of phenotypic correlation values showed that grain yield at Damascus
location was positively and significantly associated with ear height (r= 0.204**),
ear length (r= 0.205**) and number of rows per ear (r= 0.228**). On the other
hand, grain yield at Dir Al-Zor location was positively and significantly
associated with all studied traits at combined data whereas, it was positively
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(0.305*, 0.410**, 0.347** and 0.375**, respectively). The data of path coefficient
analysis showed that ear length, ear height and number of rows per ear had
positive direct effects on grain yield variation and thus grain yield
improvement can be achieved through selection for ear length and ear height at
Damascus location (11.06%). On the other side, data showed that each of ear
height, number of kernels per row and 100-kernel weight had positive direct
effects on grain yield variation (32.98%) and thus, 100-kernel weight can be
considered as selection criteria may lead to the improvement of grain yield in
yellow maize at Dir Al-Zor location.
This study was carried out at the Scientific Agriculture Research Center, Al-Ghab,
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phenotypic correlation and path analysis for plant and ear height, ear length, ear
diameter,
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plant for eighteen hybrids produced by the line × tester method, the major findings were:
inbred lines, testers, hybrids and combining ability mean squares were significant for all
traits, indicating that additive and non-additive gene actions were the important in
inheritance of all traits. The ratios of σ2
GCA/σ2
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more important in controlling all traits except of number of kernel per row. Heterosis
percentage for all traits were significant compared with the check variety except of ear
height trait. GCA effects showed that the lines P1 and P7 were good combiners for grain
yield per plant, also, SCA effects showed that P2×P8, P5×P8, P4×P9 and P1×P7 crosses were
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analysis values showed that ear length, ear diameter and number of kernel per row were
positively and significantly associated with grain yield per plant, also, these traits can be
considered as selection criteria may lead to the improvement of grain yield in maize.
This research was carried out at the Maize Researches Department of
General Commission of Science Agriculture Research (GCSAR), Damascus,
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crosses of five selected sweet corn inbred lines (IL.1037-08) P1, (IL.1062-08) P2,
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