The popular participation is one of the main pillars of the local development process,
as it allows the opportunity for various community groups to contribute to the preparation,
management and implementation of development plans in line with their
needs and
aspirations, and it has a positive role in making success of development projects in a
sustainable manner, so as to ensure the achievement of the comprehensive national
development objectives. A real and effective participation requires adoption of sustainable
enablement principle to build the public capacity, and to devote the human potential and
efforts of local communities.
In this context, the research presents a study of the concept of popular participation
and its importance in local development, and it identifies the methods and levels of
participation in the development process, its conditions, requirements and principles, as
classifies levels and forms of popular participation during the phases of local development;
in addition to presenting challenges of the participation in the local development processes.
The research deals with an analysis of one of global experiences that applies sustainable
enablement principle, to enhance the contribution of the community in achieving
sustainable development of the local urban environment, in order to conclude the most
important phases and criteria for sustainable enablement.
The research concludes to a number of conclusions and recommendations aspires to
promote the important role of public participation in local development, by creating
mechanisms which could be used to activate participation at the level of
local administrative units, and exploring the practical application way for enabling
communities in all stages of the local development process, in order to provide different
domains for popular participation in most important development issues.
Engineers form the interface between socity needs and scientific discoveries, they transfer natural and
environmental resources into useful products that increase people welfare, and this is done by
engineering projects.
In Syrian and internationa
l universities, enginineering students learn engineering economic analysis,
which covers the basic principles and concepts of engineering economic analysis of projects and
alternatives.
This paper presents a proposed methodology to use engineering economic analysis to evaluate the effect
of engineering project on sustainability.
Scientific Research is considered the basic dimension in the sustainable
development, and it has the important role in the national upgrading project. It is not just a
feeder for the economic and social process, but it is at the core of its texture
because it is
the formula of progress by which the home countries are built. From all the foregoing
comes out the importance of the study which has concluded that the reasons of the local
and Arab delay in the field of scientific research are attributed to the non-availability of the
general constituents of the scientific research which can be determined by the following :
First: The enabling environment of the scientific research that includes all what is
necessary to activate and to apply the scientific research. Second: The human element
(researcher), since the qualifications and educational degrees are not adequate to make a
researcher. However, the scientific research requires the building up of special capacities in
research, and also the spread of the scientific research mentality among those working in
the scientific medium in general. Third: The necessary material support which is
considered the essential foundation of scientific research, in addition to providing the
demand on scientific research which requires providing the developmental model at the
level of the Country, that includes in its plans the reliance on science and technology as a
tool for development.
يركز المعنيون حالياً و في أغلب البلدان تركيزاً واضحاً على المسائل المرتبطة بشؤون البيئة من خلال الدور المهم الذي تؤديه نظم الإدارة البيئية، لما تسهم به سواء في الحفاظ على البيئة أم في دعم التنمية المستدامة.
و بناء عليه، سنسلط الضوء في هذا البحث على:
- ماهية الإدارة البيئية من خلال العلاقة الكائنة بين عناصر الإدارة و نظم الإدارة البيئية، لكونها:
تشكل الدعامة الأساسية لأي نشاط بشري اقتصادي من خلال الحفاظ على المواد الخام ·
و الموارد الطبيعية و ترشيد استهلاكها.
تلبي احتياجات التنمية المتوازنة من خلال المواءمة بين الاحتياجات الاقتصادية و الاجتماعية و قدرة النظام البيئي بعناصره الأساسية على الاستمرار.
- مفهوم التنمية المستدامة من خلال أبعادها و عناصرها، لما تؤديه نظم الإدارة البيئية من دور في التنمية المستدامة، فضلاً عن الآثار البيئية السالبة للنمو الاقتصادي المتسارع من خلال تعرف أبعاد التنمية المستدامة على المستويين الدولي و المحلي، مع التركيز على المشكلات البيئية ذات الأولوية و مؤشراتها في سورية.
- الرؤية المستقبلية لتكاملية العلاقة بين نظم الإدارة البيئية و التنمية المستدامة في سورية.
Not natural reserves in both the goals and objectives; some of which is dedicated strict protection, especially those that have a scientific interest, some of which is dedicated to attracting visitors and tourist activities and the protection of the
environment and cultural values, and this is what is called sustainable tourism, which is one of the most important types of tourism; because they are based primarily to protect the ecological balance, and the contemplation of nature, flora and fauna, and provides human comfort; Vtaatgely feature in sustainable tourism in generating opportunities for local parks, and business in the country, while protecting the environmental and cultural values in the protected areas.
From this perspective, research the topic of sustainable tourism treated in Talila protected by shedding light on the development of tourism projects, which is a basic need and economic engine of the state and society at the same time, especially in the Syrian desert, as well as the ability of tourism projects to secure a sustainable financial resources.
The survey conducted for the role played by rural women in
various aspect: social, economic and particularly agricultural fields
create a database, which might help for the efficient Management
Human Resources. Which has a crucial impact on the ve
rge of
sustainable development. This study investigated to describe the
rural woman`s activities. Moreover, the study aimed to define the
most important challenges and difficulties affronting of rural
development women in the studied area. According to the study,
the most of the economic activities carried out by women
contribute to a very good part of the family income, although there
are ranges of challenges that hinder the expansion of this activity.
Based on the study, the most important of these limitations is
absence of the Women's Union efficiency and rural Extension. As
well as the lack of loans for supporting the economic activities
carried out by women and other classified challenges.
تعرف التنمية المستدامة بأنها الإدارة التي تهدف إلى سد احتياجات الأجيال الحالية بما لايعرض
للخطر مقدرة الأجيال القادمة على سد احتياجاتها. و جاء في الفصل ٤٠ من جدول أعمال القرن ٢١ دعوة
الدول و الهيئات الوطنية و العالمية إلى تطوير مؤشرات التنمية المست
دامة. و شرعت هيئة الأمم المتحدة
للتنمية المستدامة تنفذ برنامج عمل حول المؤشرات باشتراك العديد من المنظمات الدولية و الحكومية
و غيرالحكومية. كما غدا الموضوع هامًا و على جدول أعمال الاتفاقيات الدولية كاتفاقية التنوع البيولوجي
التي بدأت بالتعاون مع منظمات دولية و هيئات علمية بالعمل على تطوير معايير و مؤشرات استدامة
خاصة بالتنوع البيولوجي.
The study states that the rural community at the Syrian coast witnessed actually
group of changes that were in touch with many sides of its structure and different
functions, thus takeoff of the first light sparks was as an indication of the rural
community
entering into the first stages of the modernization and comprehensive development epoch.
The study got to a conclusion stating that: entering electricity into the coastal
countryside resulted truly in extension of utilization area in the agricultural field and public
service, and then electricity provided the objective pivots to attain the countryside stability,
and pushed the development wheel of its possibilities forward just as the urbanized
community, because the sustainable development is completely and continuously societal
operation.
In spite of the important changing role that electricity played in the rural
developmental operation, but the ambition is still larger in extending the utilization of this
type of energy densely in both agricultural industry and tourist industry sectors, where all
basic factors of promoting these two sectors in the coastal countryside are available, what
ensure a rich source for supporting the national economy that consequently sustains the
national returns of the foreign currency and forms a prop in the operation of attaining
requirements of social welfare of the entire society.
Given the growing interest and the race between countries to foreign direct
investment, especially after the financial policies and recent developments and global
economic crisis in the Arab region, and the crisis in the euro zone and the recession
in the
global investment market, with the moderns developments in foreign investment trends, all
countries and especially developing countries seek to provide favorable conditions for
attracting foreign direct investment, and Algeria, like other developing countries, are not
immune to these changes, which calls for the adoption of policies and reforms that create
the appropriate economic environment and adopt a policy of open door to foreign
investment so that it matches these developments in order to benefit from its advantages
and strengthen their competitiveness in an open world trade and foreign investment and at
the end engage in the circle of economic growth and achieve sustainable development in
general. This paper aims to find out the measures by which the Algeria seeks to enable
foreign direct investment towards sustainability, as sustainable development is a
prerequisite for the realization of justice and equity in the distribution of development
gains and wealth between generations.
Agricultural development projects are a vital and effective tool in
achieving the goal of comprehensive development, and the most
effective way to improve rural life in all its fields, especially when
development projects target poor rural househo
lds. The research has
intended to identify the social impact of livestock development
project, It was conducted on small livestock farmers In the Midland
Area , A random sample was used to include (11) villages in Homs
governorate and two villages in Hama governorate. The sample size
was 75 beneficiaries.
