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Register a new userProcedural 3D Modeling of Cities in Geographic Information Systems Environment Using ESRI Cityengine
النمذجة الإجرائية ثلاثية الأبعاد للمدن في بيئة أنظمة المعلومات الجغرافية باستخدام ESRI CityEngine
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Fadi CHAABAN
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تمثل أنظمة المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) واحدة من أهم تقنيات النمذجة ثلاثية الأبعاد للمدن، والتي أصبحت مهمة جداً وضرورية لتمثيل المدن المعاصرة وإجراء التحليلات المختلفة، بهدف إيجاد الحلول للمشاكل المطروحة ضمن إطار نموذج افتراضي للواقع. بالإضافة لدور الـ GIS 3D-الكبير في التخطيط العمراني وتنظيم المدن. على الرغم من وجود عدد كبير من البرامج القادرة على التعامل مع الكائنات ثلاثية الأبعاد، غير أن الكثير من هذه التطبيقات يحتاج إلى تقنيات عالية وأدوات متطورة من أجل تمثيل وتحليل الكائنات بالأبعاد الثلاثة. تتميز كائنات النماذج ثلاثية الأبعاد الممثلة في الـ (GIS) بارتباطها بمجموعة من البيانات الوصفية التي يتم استدعاؤها بسهولة، وهذا ما لا يتوفر في برامج النمذجة ثلاثية الأبعاد الأخرى. يهدف البحث المقدم إلى تسليط الضوء على أهمية النمذجة الإجرائية ثلاثية الأبعاد للمدن في بيئة الـ GIS باستخدام البرنامج (ESRI CityEngine). سنقدم مجموعة من قواعد الـتوليد المعماري CGA)) المبرمجة بلغة النمذجة الإجرائية لتوليد مجموعة من النماذج الواقعية ثلاثية الأبعاد القادرة على تمثيل كافة عناصر المدن وبناها التحتية، ومن ثم تصدير كافة الكائنات إلى موقع ويب يسمح بخلق منصة واحدة شاملة تمثل نظام لدعم اتخاذ القرار وتسهيل إدارة المشاريع المتعلقة بإدارة المدن. سيتم التطبيق في محافظة طرطوس وذلك من خلال تصميم ونمذجة منطقة سكنية مقترحة، وتشمل الدراسة تطبيق قواعد البرمجة الإجرائية لإنشاء نماذج ثلاثية الأبعاد لهذه المنطقة تُظهر أهمية استخدام أنظمة المعلومات الجغرافية في نمذجة وتمثيل المدن.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) present one of the most important 3D modeling techniques of cities, which has become a very important and necessary for representing of contemporary cities, and doing different analyses, with the aim of finding solutions to the problems raised through a virtual model of reality. In addition, 3D GIS play an important role in urban planning. Despite the presence of a large number of programs capable of dealing with 3D objects, many of these applications require high technologies and advanced tools for the representation and analysis of 3D objects. The objects of 3D models represented in GIS can be associated with a set of queryable attributes, and this is not available in other 3D modeling software. This Research aims to highlight the importance of procedural 3D modeling of cities in GIS environment using ESRI CityEngine. A set of CGA (computer generated architecture) rules - programmed by procedural modeling language in CityEngine- will be presented to generate realistic 3D models that can represent all elements of cities and its infrastructure. Then, all the objects will be exported to a Web Scene viewer, which allows the creation a comprehensive platform to present a system to support decision-making, and facilitate project management related to the management of cities. The research methods will be applied to Tartous governorate through designing and modeling of proposed residential area. This study will include CGA rules applied to create a 3D model of proposed area, it will show the importance of GIS in modeling and representation of cities.
References used
Y. I. H. PARISH AND P. MÜLLER,2001 “Procedural Modeling of Cities,” in SIGGRAPH, pp. 301–308
S. ZLATANOVA, A RAHMAN, AND M. PILOUK,2002 “3D GIS: current status and perspectives,” Int. Arch. Photogramm.
I. DOBRAJA,2015 “Procedural 3D modeling and visualization of geotypical Bavarian rural buildings in Esri CityEngine software,” Technische Universität München Master’s Thesis
ESRI,2016 “CityEngine Help. Available at: http://cehelp.esri.com/help/index.jsp [Accessed August 26, 2016].
MÜLLER, P., VEREENOOGHE, T., WONKA, P., PAAP, I., & VAN GOOL, L. J. 2006. Procedural 3D Reconstruction of Puuc
MÜLLER, P., ZENG, G., WONKA, P., & VAN GOOL, L. 2007. Image-based procedural modeling of facades. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 26(3), 85.
WEBER, B., MÜLLER, P., WONKA, P., & GROSS, M. 2009. Interactive geometric simulation of 4d cities. In Computer Graphics Forum ,Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 481-492.
د. درويش، حنان.2016 “تطوير منهجية جديدة في تحليل اختيار الموقع الأمثل لمنشأة ما باستخدام المنطق الضبابي ضمن بيئة أنظمة المعلومات الجغرافية منطقة الدراسة: طرطوس -سورية,” مجلة جامعة البعث, المجلد38 العدد 51، 103-154.
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3D models of historical sites and monuments are very interesting in archaeology and digital tourism fields. These models help archeologists document historical sites and analyze the relationships between their components. Moreover, 3D models constitu
te an attractive factor that encourages visiting sites and presents virtual information about cultural heritage.
In this paper, we propose an approach that uses capabilities of CAD (Computer Aided Design) and GIS (Geographic Information System) systems to construct spatial and semantic database for historical sites and modeling them in 3D. Users of the mentioned database can use it to gather information about sites and to navigate across them via the animation capabilities in GIS.
The proposed ideas will be applied on the historical site of Ras-SHAMRA in Lattakia. Spatial data concerning the site will be acquired form a topographic plan designed in 2004. These data will then be processed and introduced into GIS environment. ArcGIS software will be used to achieve an Archeological Information System (AIS) for the site and to construct a 3D model of the site and the royal palace.
The production of 3D models of urban areas, using aerial photographs, is of great benefit to companies and small engineering offices. But the major problem is the high cost of Digital Photogrammetry Workstations (DPWS) that are currently used for the
production of this kind of models. In addition, the use of these workstations requires long experience and good knowledge in photogrammetry. In this paper, we propose an alternative solution for 3D modeling of urban areas from a stereoscopic pair of aerial photos, a low cost close range photogrammetry software and the applications of 3D modeling available in some Geographic Information System (GIS) platforms. The close range photogrammetry software is a low coast system, compared to DPWS, and it doesn’t require any spatial background in photogrammetry. This software is used to extract the heights of elements that exist in the study area. GIS is used to produce the 2D map from the aerial photo. This map and the height data are used later to produce the 3D model of the study area.
3D GIS can be realized as an actual building platform of the urban space. This research develops automated 3D urban models that fit large-scale digital photogrammetry. Originally, modeling used manual or semi-manual techniques, and there is a need to
for a development of an approach that automates the transformation of vector linear data, optimized by digital photogrammetry stations to create the 3D volume model in 3DGIS. This approach consists of three main phases:
roof modeling, wall modeling and volume structuring. During the first phase, local and conditional "Delaunay Triangulation" method is used to deal with the majority of roof types regardless of its geometry. The second phase is completely automated to create the walls by the
vertical projection (Top-Down) of the outer line of the roof into the Digital Terrain Model (DTM), and then by the selection of the bottom base level as the default level. Finally, different elements of the structure can be aggregated using spatial relationships (many-to-many) already supported by GIS software. The new approach is created and completely automated. It doesn't require roof geometric-types library, which asserts the GIS is a valid platform to build, to view
and to store 3D urban models.
نظم معلومات جغرافية
GIS
نظم تصميم بمعونة الحاسب
تمثيل شعاعي
CAD
RDBMS
Vector
النماذج الرقمية ثلاثية الأبعاد
المساحة التصويرية الجوية الرقمية
الرؤية الاستريوسكوبية
المسح الجوي الليزري
قواعد البيانات المكانية العلائقية
تلثيث دولوني
3D Digital Model
Digital Aerial Photogrammetry
Stereoscopic Viewing
LIDAR
Delaunay Triangulation
المزيد..
Three dimensional modeling of utility networks is an important mean of networks design, implementation, management and maintenance. During the modeling process, we face a wide range of processes and procedures to arrive at the correct final model.
T
his research proposes a semi-automatic methodology for 3D modeling of infrastructure networks in GIS environment. This methodology is based on the ModelBuilder in ArcGIS software by developing two tools to automate the construction processes of 3D networks.
The first presents a tool to create a 3D Manhole layer from points, and the second is a tool to create a 3D pipe layer. For both tools, a work algorithm has been built, in addition to designing user interfaces elements. These tools are stored in a Toolbox called “3D Manhole & Pipe.tbx”.
The proposed methodology is an easy and an effective way to build 3D network models, and the developed tools allow the implementation of a set of necessary processes needed to build 3D networks.
The main goal of this study is to produce landslide sensitivity mapusing GIS at
Syrian Coast area.At the first stage of the study, 75% of the landslides locations (45
landslide locations) are used as training dataset and the rest was used as (15 la
ndslide
locations) the validation dataset. Fourteen input data layers were employed as landslide
conditioning factors in the landslide sensitivity mapping. These factors are slope degree,
aspect, altitude, plan curvature, profile curvature, tangential curvature, surface area ratio
(SAR), lithology, land use, distance from faults, distance from rivers, distance from roads,
topographic wetness index (TWI) and stream power index (SPI).
Using these conditioning factors, landslide sensitivity index was calculated.
Subsequently, the result was plotted in ArcGIS and landslide sensitivity map was obtained.
The produced sensitivity map is useful for general land-use planning.
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