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Register a new userBuilding 3D Digital Models For Cities in Large Topographic scales in GIS
بناء النماذج الرقمية ثلاثية الأبعاد للمدن بالمقاييس الطبوغرافية الكبيرة في بيئة GIS
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تعد نظم المعلومات الجغرافية ثلاثية الأبعاد مولداً و حاضناً حقيقياً للفضاءات الحضرية المبنية. اهتم هذا البحث بأتمتة بناء نماذج رقمية ثلاثية الأبعاد للمدن بالمقاييس الطبوغرافية الكبيرة المنجزة بطريقة المساحة التصويرية الرقمية. سابقاً، اعتمدت طرائق توليد النماذج الأسلوب اليدوي أو النصف آلي، مما استدعى تطوير منهجية تساعد على التحويل الآلي للبيانات الشعاعية الخطية المستخلصة من محطات التثليث الرقمي وصولاً إلى شكل حجمي كتلي، إِذ تتألف العملية من ثلاث مراحل رئيسة و هي: توليد سطوح السقف، و توليد سطوح الجدران، و تجميع الكتلة. في مرحلة توليد سطوح السقوف يسَتخدم تثليث دولوني المحلي و المشروط الذي يعالج آليا معظم الأشكال الهندسية للسقوف بغض النظر عن النمط الهندسي للمسّقف؛ أما مرحلة توليد الجدران فتتم بشكل آلي من خلال الإسقاط العمودي للخط الرئيسي المغلف لسقف المنشأة على سطح الأرض المرجعي و من ثم اختيار المستوى الأكثر انخفاضاً كارتفاع للمنشاة و كمستوى قاعدة معتمد. تُجمع بعد ذلك عناصر المنشأة من خلال علاقات ارتباط مكانية (نمط "متعدد لمتعدد") التي تدعمها نظم المعلومات الجغرافية. تعتمد الطريقة المطورة الأسلوب الآلي بشكل كامل، لا تحتاج إلى مكتبة هندسية لأنماط المسقفات، و بما يؤكد أن نظم المعلومات الجغرافية هي منصة بناء و عرض و تخزين لنماذج المدن.
3D GIS can be realized as an actual building platform of the urban space. This research develops automated 3D urban models that fit large-scale digital photogrammetry. Originally, modeling used manual or semi-manual techniques, and there is a need to for a development of an approach that automates the transformation of vector linear data, optimized by digital photogrammetry stations to create the 3D volume model in 3DGIS. This approach consists of three main phases: roof modeling, wall modeling and volume structuring. During the first phase, local and conditional "Delaunay Triangulation" method is used to deal with the majority of roof types regardless of its geometry. The second phase is completely automated to create the walls by the vertical projection (Top-Down) of the outer line of the roof into the Digital Terrain Model (DTM), and then by the selection of the bottom base level as the default level. Finally, different elements of the structure can be aggregated using spatial relationships (many-to-many) already supported by GIS software. The new approach is created and completely automated. It doesn't require roof geometric-types library, which asserts the GIS is a valid platform to build, to view and to store 3D urban models.
References used
Zlatanova and Stoter2003،: Stoter، J.E. and S. Zlatanova، 2003، Visualising and editing of 3D objects organised in a DBMS، EUROSDR workshop: Rendering and visualisation، ، Enschede، The Netherlands
Zlatanova et al.، 2006: Zlatanova، S.، 2006. 3D geometries in DBMS. In: Innovations in 3D geoInformation systems، Kualla Lumpur، Malaysia، pp. 1-14
Ford، A.، 2004. The visualisation of integrated 3D petroleum datasets in ArcGIS. In: Proceedings of 24th ESRI user conference، San Diego، pp. 1–11
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) present one of the most important 3D modeling techniques of cities, which has become a very important and necessary for representing of contemporary cities, and doing different analyses, with the aim of finding so
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Three dimensional modeling of utility networks is an important mean of networks design, implementation, management and maintenance. During the modeling process, we face a wide range of processes and procedures to arrive at the correct final model.
T
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The first presents a tool to create a 3D Manhole layer from points, and the second is a tool to create a 3D pipe layer. For both tools, a work algorithm has been built, in addition to designing user interfaces elements. These tools are stored in a Toolbox called “3D Manhole & Pipe.tbx”.
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This research aims to explore the potential of low cost video camera for 3D
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issue in any photogrammetric project. In fact, cost and time are dependent on photo
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resulting using these frames will be good for applications that don’t require high precision.
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