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Register a new userEffect of salt stress on some fruit qualities of two tomato hybrids
تأثير الإجهاد الملحي في بعض الصفات النوعية لثمار هجينين من البندورة
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صفاء نجلا( باحث )
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على الرغم من أنَّها أحد أسباب انخفاض الإنتاج، تعد الملوحة أداة لتحسين نوعية الإنتاج في بعـض الهجن. في هذا البحث، طبق الإجهاد الملحي على هجينين من البندورة (Marmara وBonaparte) من خلال زيادة قيمة الناقلية الكهربائية لمياه الري من 4 إلى 13 m/ds ، من مرحلة الورقة الحقيقة الثالثـة إلى نهاية النمو. على الرغم من أن الإجهاد الملحي أدى إلى انخفاض في وزن الثمار الناتجة فـي كـلا الهجينين، لكنه ساعد على تحسين بعض الصفات الكيميائية و الفيزيائية المتعلقة بجـودة الثمـرة. إذْ أدت الملوحة إلى زيادة محتوى المواد الصلبة الذائبة في الثمرة في كلا الهجينين. و في الوقت الذي لـم يـؤثر فيه الإجهاد الملحي في محتوى ثمار الهجين Bonapart من الليكوبين، لوحظ ازدياد هذا المؤشر بمقدار مرتين في الهجين Marmara .أما بالنسبة إلى تلون الثمار، فقد تفوق الهجين Bonaparte في كل من مؤشري اللون*a و*b على الهجين Marmara الـذي تفـوق بـدوره علـى الهجـين Bonaparte بالمؤشر*L . علماً أن الإجهاد الملحي لم يؤثر معنوياً في هذه المؤشرات بكلا الهجينين.
Despite being one of the reasons of production decline, salinity is still a tool to improve production quality in some hybrids. this research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus during 2012 season. A salt stress was applied on two tomato hybrids, Bonaparte and Marmara by increasing the value of the electrical conductivity of irrigating water from 4 to 13 ds / m, at the stage of the third true leaf to the end of growth of the two tomato plants. Results indicated that salt stress led to a reduction in the fruit weight of both hybrids but it helped in improving some chemical and physical characteristics relating to fruit quality, such as increasing the fruit content of soluble solids in both hybrids. Salt stress did not affect the lycopene content of fruits in Bonapart, but it was increased by 2 folds inMarmara. Some fruit color indices (a* and b*) were greater in Bonaparte while L* indice was higher in Marmara. However, the color indices of fruits were not affected by salinity in both hybrids studied.
References used
Adams, P. 1991. Effects of increasing the salinity of the nutrient solution with major nutrients or sodium chloride on the yield, quality and composition of tomatoes grown in rock- wool. J. Hort. Sci., 66: 201–207
Atherton, J. G. and J. Rudish. 1986. The tomato crop. In: Fruit ripening and quality. Chapman and Hall, London. Pp: 348-349
Barrett, D. M. and G. E. Anthon. 2008. Color Quality of tomato products, American Chemical Society. Davis, California. Pp: 131−139
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A salt stress was applied from 3rd leaf stage until the maturation on three tomato
cultivars (Marmara, Levovil and Picolino). The salt stress was achieved by increasing the
solution EC from 3 (control) to 6.7 dS/m for, Na and Na+Ca treatments, resp
ectively. The
stress induced a significant increase in vitamin C of Marmara and Levovil fruit content
(20.94 and 23.03 mg/100g) as compared to the control (16.62 and 19.43 mg/100g,
respectively). The titratable acidity was increased significantly (17%) only in Marmara and
Picolino. The fruit content of fructose was increased in Levovil and Picolino by 1.4 and 1.7
folds, respectively, as compared to control (11.13 and 18.8g/kg, respectively). While the
content of N in Levovil and Picolino was decreased, under stress, by 33 and 58% as
compared to the control (0.12 and 0.19%), respectively, the P content was increased. The
salt stress decreased the K content in Levovil and Picolino to reach to 0.22 and 0.26% as
compared to control (0.27 and 0.29%), respectively. The calcium addition modified the
stress impact. A significant increase, was registered in Ca content under stress in Marmara
andPicolino as compared to control, while the calcium addition did have any effect on.
The research was conducted on some olive
varieties known as Alsourani- Aldan- Mahazm Abu Satel- Alglet-
Alnepali, in the aim of comparing their tolerance against the stress
of salinity (sodium chloride) through some morphological and
physiological traits. Different concentrations of salt as well as to
the control (fresh water) were used in this experiment.
In this study, the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride
(NaCl) (0, 50, 100, 150 mM) on some physiological characteristics and some
growth indicators of SO4 grape rootstock propagated in vitro was studied at the
laboratories of Gen
eral Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research
(GCSAR), Damascus/Syria. Results indicated that the increase of NaCl
concentration up to 100 mM in culture medium led to reduce the growth
indicators (survival plants, average of the plant length and average number of
buds) with significant differences when compared with the control plants after
4 weeks from culturing on multiplication media, while treatment with 150 mM
of sodium chloride led to death of all plants. Using the concentrations 50 and
100 mM of NaCl also caused decreasing the total chlorophyll content in the
leaves.
The experiment was carried out during spring season 2016 to study the effect
of foliar spraying treatment with Tecamin Flower 2.5 ml/L in comparison with
distilled water, on growth of three hybrids of tomatoes at two different levels of
irrigation
(100 and 50 % of field capacity). Three sprays were conducted started
from flowering with two weeks’ interval. The results showed that ‘Finenss’ hybrid
had significant differences in plant height, branches per plant and leaves number per
plant. ‘Hadeer’ hybrid had superiority in dry matter ratio and content of chlorophyll
in leaves. Reducing the level of irrigation resulted in a significant decrease in
plant height, total branches number, versus an increase in the leaves number per
plant, total leaves area and the percentage of dry matter. The results showed that
the treatment with Tecamin flower led to a significant increase in all indicators
studied. The interaction treatments shoed that Hadeer hybrid irrigated in level 50
% and spraying of nutrient solution (Tecamin flower) had a significant increase in
dry matter ratio and chlorophyll content in leaves. While the hybrid Finenss which
irrigated in level 100 % with nutrient solution (Tecamin flower) had a significant
increase in leaves number per plant and total leaves area.
The research was conducted at the Maize Researches Department, General
Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus,
Syria during the summer growing seasons of 2010, 2011 and 2012. Treatments
were arranged in a Randomized
Complete Blocks Design with three
replications. The research aimed to evaluate genetic parameters for some traits
like days to 50% silking, plant and ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number
of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight and grain yield
per plant using generations means analysis of two maize hybrids (IL.292-06 ×
IL.565-06, IL.459-06 × IL.362-06) to detect epistasis and estimates of mean
effect [m], additive [d], dominance [h], additive × additive [i], additive ×
dominance [j] and dominance × dominance [l] parameters. Results showed that
the additive - dominance model was adequate to demonstrate the genetic
variation and its importance in the inheritance of most studied traits. Nonallelic
gene interaction was operating in the control of genetic variation in most
studied traits. The signs of [h] and [l] were opposite in most studied traits for
the two crosses. Also, the inheritance of all studied traits was controlled by
additive and non-additive genetic effects, but dominance gene effects play the
major role in controlling the genetic variation of the most studied traits,
suggesting that the improvement of those characters need intensive selection
through later generations. The phenotypic variations were greater than
genotypic variations for all studied traits in the two crosses, indicating greater
influence of environment in the expression of these traits. Highly significant
heterosis relative to mid and better parents, respectively was found for all
characters, and this accompanied with inbreeding depression for all traits.
Narrow sense heritability and genetic advance were low in most of the traits
due to the dominance of non-additive gene action in controlling the genetic
variation of the most studied traits and this predict low to medium values of
genetic advance through selection process.
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