This research focuses on determining elemental concentrations of copper and lead
(Cu &pb) in the muscles and liver Boops boops kind of the estuary of the AL Kabeer
Alshemaly River and the fishing port and the promenade using atomic absorption
tech
nique.
The results showed a significant increase in the concentrations of lead during
summer 2014 in each of the muscle tissue and the liver of the fish examined (28.28ppm&
4.48ppm, respectively) at the mouth of the estuary of the AL Kabeer Alshemaly River and
the fishing port and the promenade (11.19ppm& 3.75ppm, respectively), and this could be
due to the different nature of human activities and sources of pollution to this element
between the two regions.
The results showed a marked seasonal change in the concentration of copper within
the liver tissue of fish studied, where the highest concentration in the fishing port and the
promenade( 5630.02 ppm) in autumn 2014, the Supreme( 3402.27ppm) value in the AL
Kabeer Alshemaly River the estuary of summer. While the results did not show the
variable in concentrations of copper in muscle . Theconcentrations were comparable
between the two stations somewhat, with the highest concentrations in the summer in
Bouth the fishing port and the promenade 1497.70ppm) and(1107.91 ppm) the AL Kabeer
Alshemaly River.
Results indicate that the accumulation of the studied elements (Cu &pb) in the liver
compared to muscle (and the reason is boiled physiological differences in the functions of
each of the two members) and to the existence of a good correlation between the
concentration in the muscle changes with the typical length of which points to increased
accumulation of these elements in these fish with increased growth,Noting the high
concentration of the studied elements in females more than those recorded in males.
A salt stress was applied from 3rd leaf stage until the maturation on three tomato
cultivars (Marmara, Levovil and Picolino). The salt stress was achieved by increasing the
solution EC from 3 (control) to 6.7 dS/m for, Na and Na+Ca treatments, resp
ectively. The
stress induced a significant increase in vitamin C of Marmara and Levovil fruit content
(20.94 and 23.03 mg/100g) as compared to the control (16.62 and 19.43 mg/100g,
respectively). The titratable acidity was increased significantly (17%) only in Marmara and
Picolino. The fruit content of fructose was increased in Levovil and Picolino by 1.4 and 1.7
folds, respectively, as compared to control (11.13 and 18.8g/kg, respectively). While the
content of N in Levovil and Picolino was decreased, under stress, by 33 and 58% as
compared to the control (0.12 and 0.19%), respectively, the P content was increased. The
salt stress decreased the K content in Levovil and Picolino to reach to 0.22 and 0.26% as
compared to control (0.27 and 0.29%), respectively. The calcium addition modified the
stress impact. A significant increase, was registered in Ca content under stress in Marmara
andPicolino as compared to control, while the calcium addition did have any effect on.
Four varieties of grape raisins where made in traditional way and
investigated for their chemical composition, mineral elements and total
antioxidanst capacity. Results reveals that there were significant differences in
the average percentage of m
oisture and carbohydrate between varieties,
whereas the protein, fat and ashes percentages were not significant. Results of
minerals analysis showed that blue raisins had the highest amount of Calcium,
phosphorous and potassium with a level of 66 mg, 193 mg and 989 mg in 100 g
raisins respectively. In addition, the total polyphenol contents by Folin-
Ciocalteau assay were higher in blue (257 mg) and red raisins (213mg) when
compared to the others varieties and vitamin C was 45mg/100g and 34 mg/100g
in blue and red raisins respectively. The antioxidant activity of raisins was
assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay.
The amount of raisins needed to scavenge 50% of DPPH radical (EC50) was
similar for all varieties ranging from about 4.18 mg to 6.41 mg. Total
antioxidants capacity were in descending order blue >red > white > green
raisins. Therefore, the consumption of raisins is considered to contribute the
intake of antioxidants and minerals in Syrian diet .
Ten samples of dry, cooked Chickpea, Homos with Tahina, and Falafel were
randomly collected from different places in Damascus and urban side during
2003-2004 with an average weight of 200g for each sample. Chemical
composition, amino acids, fatty
acids, and minerals were determined to
investigate the effect of cooking and frying on the nutritional value of chickpea
products.
