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The Mechanism of Improving The Syrian Exports، especially the Agricultural exports

آلية و سبل النهوض بالصادرات السورية و خاصة الزراعية

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 Publication date 2015
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The search is focused on the importance of Syrian exports to the national economy، its role of community development; and improve all economic indicators، and their direct and basic role; and a high rate of economic growth and increasing foreign exchange and trade balance adjustment، reduce unemployment and increase cope positively with the world economy; and improve other sectors of activation and improved exchange rate and increase foreign exchange and improve conditions for foreign trade، equity and index of trade integration and the improvement of quality and increase competitiveness، The importance of this research is we are in urgent need current، specifically since the start of the war to Syria since mid- March 2011، to increase foreign exchange and activate economic sectors especially we're rebuilding. This needs to activate economic cycle and increase exports، especially industrial and rationalizing imports، particularly of luxury. This and requires induced economic sector arrangement. We have chosen the agriculture sector، and the need to go to increase agricultural exports. We'll focus on it in our present search، hoping to succeed in serving our country to withstand economic backbone and Foundation of all other types of resilience.



References used
سام ويلسون، بول إيو .علم الاقتصاد، مكتبة لبنان ناشرون، الطبعة الأولى 2006 ،
هيئة الاستثمار السورية - تقرير الاستثمار السوري السنوي، عام 2014 و 2015
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The research aims to study the most important economic efficiency of agricultural foreign trade indicators, and to identify the most important problems facing the export companies and organizations working in the field of foreign agricultural trade , using descriptive and analytical approach in the treatment of research data. The results show that the annual growth rate of Syrian exports during the period 2005 to the first year of the crisis in 2011 amounted to about 15%, and from 2005 until the end of 2014 about 1%. The export strength top of the share of latency (56%), followed by tomatoes (53%), and apples (26%), then peaches and lentils (24%), while zero, export strength of the sheep, but some products such as wheat, barley, chickpeas and corn. Search results have been reached and there are some problems and obstacles faced by the operating companies, including the lack of accurate marketing information especially for foreign markets, and the non-availability of required quantities for export to the required specifications, or the availability of skilled labor on the post-harvest operations, in addition to dent some of the ministerial organs, Health and customs and taxes ... and others.
This research studies the competitiveness ability of Syrian exports and the major factors empowering this ability, the availability of these factors considers one of the most important elements to ensure maximum productivity and best use of resources , and thus reach higher rates of economic growth, taking into account the importance of analyzing the excellence elements which Syrian Exportation Sector owns in light of all restrictive factors facing competitiveness ability including production costs quality and government role, this research identified a group of remarks and conclusions indicating that although Syria owns market power elements but they are not invested in a sufficient way. Therefore, the Syrian market is weak with respect to the competitiveness ability, in addition to a clear weakness of the competitiveness of the Syrian exportations, in particular the industrial exportations. This results in the need to implement a group of recommendations or solutions in order to overcome this dilemma. The forefront of these recommendations is the need to support the Syrian exportation’s sectors that have the best competitiveness ability to compete in a clear and transparent framework of strategy for external trade.
The export sector is the main driver of the development process of any country and one of the main pillars of its economy, the importance of exports lies in their ability to create new jobs, reform the deficit in the balance of payments, and attract private investment, both domestic and foreign then they help achieve sustained growth rates. They are also the most important sources of foreign exchange, and without export the economy fails to develop and unemployment increases. This research studies the evolution of Syrian trade balance during the period 2000 – 2010. Results show that the balance of trade suffered a deficit between (2004-2010). exports were much lower than imports. Oil exports and their impact on total exports and on the Syrian economy in general as well as agricultural exports and their share in total exports were also analyzed using Hirschman Index.
The aim of this research was to analyze the current structure of Syrian apple exports, and highlighting the relative advantage of this crop and its competitive position on the markets of the key importing countries of Syrian apples. The analysis wa s based on secondary data published by FAO during 2000-2013. Descriptive statistical analyses were used, in addition to estimates of time trend equations to identify the evolution in quantity, value and price of both Syrian apple exports and imports, and to determine certain indicators of export competitiveness, besides to applicate the linear programming model for optimal distribution of Syrian apple exports.
The objective of this research was to identify the potentials of Syrian olive oil exports through studying the current situation of the Syrian olive oil in the world and local markets and the most important factors effecting its competitiveness ca pabilities in the world markets. This study was built on analyzing the primary data obtained from the delivered questionnaires, searches lists and personal interviews with the exporting and manufacturing companies (30 companies) of Syrian olive oil. Some of the economic indicators were calculated to determine the competiveness status in the import markets. Results indicated that the Syrian olive oil exports had suffered from low competitiveness indicators of production which was 0.12 in the most important import markets for the studied period. In addition, the increased pricing levels compared with other competitors in the same markets had reached an average of 3083.98 dollars per ton representing 106% of world export price, high production costs, the reduction of the market penetration rate related to Syrian olive oil exports in the most important markets amounted to about 0.245 during the second period of the study. The low value of the dependence on export indicator compared with the competitive countries where Syria occupied the seventh place .This means that Syria doesn’t have a good export efficiency, lack of marketing researches on the foreign markets, the absence of promotional programs the restrictions applied by the European Union on the exports of Syrian olive oil, lack of access to all distribution outlets due to the dependence of the exported companies on the exclusive agents in the process of distribution and marketing. The results had recommended that the establishment of a comprehensive database and accurate studies is very necessary for the Syrian exported products, in addition to detailed studies about the major and promising markets to Syrian olive oil exports, iImproving the Syrian business environment to encourage the foreign direct investment to support the competitiveness of Syrian olive oil exports.
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