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Register a new userThe Mechanism of Improving The Syrian Exports، especially the Agricultural exports
آلية و سبل النهوض بالصادرات السورية و خاصة الزراعية
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حيان احمد سلمان( باحث )
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يتركز البحث حول أهمية الصادرات السورية في الاقتصاد الوطني ، و دورها التنموي المجتمعي ، و تحسين المؤشرات الاقتصادية كلها ، و دورها المباشر و الأساسي في ارتفاع معدل النمو الاقتصادي و زيادة القطع الأجنبي و تعديل الميزان التجاري ، و تقليل معدل البطالة، و زيادة التأقلم الإيجابي مع الاقتصاد العالمي، و تفعيل القطاعات الاقتصادية الأخرى، و تحسين سعر الصرف ، و زيادة القطع الأجنبي، و تحسين شروط التجارة الخارجية و مؤشر التكافؤ التكامل التجاري و تحسين الجودة ،و زيادة القدرة التنافسية، و برأينا تأتي أهمية البحث لأننا بأمس الحاجة حالياً ، و تحديدا منذ بداية الحرب على سورية منذ منتصف شهر آذار من عام 2011، و ذلك لزيادة القطع الأجنبي و تفعيل قطاعاتنا الاقتصادية و خاصة أننا بدأنا بإعادة الإعمار، و هذا يحتاج إلى تفعيل الدورة الاقتصادية و زيادة الصادرات عامة و الصناعية منها خاصة ، و ترشيد المستوردات لا سيما الكمالية، و يتطلب ذلك ترتيب قطاع اقتصادي محرض ، و قد اخترنا قطاع الزراعة، و ضرورة التوجه لزيادة الصادرات الزراعية، و هذا ما سنركز عليه في بحثنا هذا، راجين أن نوفق في ذلك لخدمة بلدنا لأن الصمود الاقتصادي هو العمود الفقري أساسياً لكل أنواع الصمود الأخرى.
The search is focused on the importance of Syrian exports to the national economy، its role of community development; and improve all economic indicators، and their direct and basic role; and a high rate of economic growth and increasing foreign exchange and trade balance adjustment، reduce unemployment and increase cope positively with the world economy; and improve other sectors of activation and improved exchange rate and increase foreign exchange and improve conditions for foreign trade، equity and index of trade integration and the improvement of quality and increase competitiveness، The importance of this research is we are in urgent need current، specifically since the start of the war to Syria since mid- March 2011، to increase foreign exchange and activate economic sectors especially we're rebuilding. This needs to activate economic cycle and increase exports، especially industrial and rationalizing imports، particularly of luxury. This and requires induced economic sector arrangement. We have chosen the agriculture sector، and the need to go to increase agricultural exports. We'll focus on it in our present search، hoping to succeed in serving our country to withstand economic backbone and Foundation of all other types of resilience.
References used
سام ويلسون، بول إيو .علم الاقتصاد، مكتبة لبنان ناشرون، الطبعة الأولى 2006 ،
هيئة الاستثمار السورية - تقرير الاستثمار السوري السنوي، عام 2014 و 2015
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The research aims to study the most important economic efficiency of agricultural
foreign trade indicators, and to identify the most important problems facing the export
companies and organizations working in the field of foreign agricultural trade
, using
descriptive and analytical approach in the treatment of research data. The results show that
the annual growth rate of Syrian exports during the period 2005 to the first year of the
crisis in 2011 amounted to about 15%, and from 2005 until the end of 2014 about 1%. The
export strength top of the share of latency (56%), followed by tomatoes (53%), and apples
(26%), then peaches and lentils (24%), while zero, export strength of the sheep, but some
products such as wheat, barley, chickpeas and corn.
Search results have been reached and there are some problems and obstacles faced by
the operating companies, including the lack of accurate marketing information especially
for foreign markets, and the non-availability of required quantities for export to the
required specifications, or the availability of skilled labor on the post-harvest operations, in
addition to dent some of the ministerial organs, Health and customs and taxes ... and
others.
This research studies the competitiveness ability of Syrian exports and the major factors empowering this ability, the availability of these factors considers one of the most important elements to ensure maximum productivity and best use of resources
, and thus reach higher rates of economic growth, taking into account the importance of analyzing the excellence elements which Syrian Exportation Sector owns in light of all restrictive factors facing
competitiveness ability including production costs quality and government role, this research identified a group of remarks and conclusions indicating that although Syria owns market power elements but they are not invested in a sufficient way.
Therefore, the Syrian market is weak with respect to the competitiveness ability, in addition to a clear weakness of the competitiveness of the Syrian exportations, in particular the industrial exportations. This results in the need to implement a group of recommendations or solutions in order to overcome this dilemma. The forefront of these recommendations is the need to support the Syrian exportation’s sectors that have the best competitiveness ability to compete in a clear and transparent
framework of strategy for external trade.
The export sector is the main driver of the development process of any country and one of the main pillars of its economy, the importance of exports lies in their ability to create new jobs, reform the deficit in the balance of payments, and attract
private investment, both domestic and foreign then they help achieve sustained growth rates. They are also the most important sources of foreign exchange, and without export the economy fails to develop and unemployment increases.
This research studies the evolution of Syrian trade balance during the period 2000 – 2010. Results show that the balance of trade suffered a deficit between (2004-2010). exports were much lower than imports. Oil exports and their impact on total exports and on the Syrian economy in general as well as agricultural exports and their share in total exports were also analyzed using Hirschman Index.
The aim of this research was to analyze the current structure of Syrian apple exports,
and highlighting the relative advantage of this crop and its competitive position on
the markets of the key importing countries of Syrian apples. The analysis wa
s based
on secondary data published by FAO during 2000-2013. Descriptive statistical
analyses were used, in addition to estimates of time trend equations to identify the
evolution in quantity, value and price of both Syrian apple exports and imports,
and to determine certain indicators of export competitiveness, besides to applicate
the linear programming model for optimal distribution of Syrian apple exports.
The objective of this research was to identify the potentials of Syrian olive
oil exports through studying the current situation of the Syrian olive oil in the
world and local markets and the most important factors effecting its
competitiveness ca
pabilities in the world markets. This study was built on
analyzing the primary data obtained from the delivered questionnaires,
searches lists and personal interviews with the exporting and manufacturing
companies (30 companies) of Syrian olive oil. Some of the economic indicators
were calculated to determine the competiveness status in the import markets.
Results indicated that the Syrian olive oil exports had suffered from low
competitiveness indicators of production which was 0.12 in the most important
import markets for the studied period. In addition, the increased pricing levels
compared with other competitors in the same markets had reached an average
of 3083.98 dollars per ton representing 106% of world export price, high
production costs, the reduction of the market penetration rate related to Syrian
olive oil exports in the most important markets amounted to about 0.245 during
the second period of the study. The low value of the dependence on export
indicator compared with the competitive countries where Syria occupied the
seventh place .This means that Syria doesn’t have a good export efficiency, lack
of marketing researches on the foreign markets, the absence of promotional
programs the restrictions applied by the European Union on the exports of
Syrian olive oil, lack of access to all distribution outlets due to the dependence
of the exported companies on the exclusive agents in the process of distribution
and marketing. The results had recommended that the establishment of a
comprehensive database and accurate studies is very necessary for the Syrian
exported products, in addition to detailed studies about the major and
promising markets to Syrian olive oil exports, iImproving the Syrian business
environment to encourage the foreign direct investment to support the
competitiveness of Syrian olive oil exports.
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