Do you want to publish a course? Click here

Analytical and Statistical Study of the Economic Effects of taxes and fees in Syria the period 1990-2009

دراسة تحليلية إحصائية للآثار الاقتصادية للضرائب و الرسوم في سورية خلال الفترة (1990-2009)

1491   2   54   0 ( 0 )
 Publication date 2013
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




Ask ChatGPT about the research

This research handles the economic effects of taxes and fees presented as a statistical and analytical study during the period 1990-2009 in Syria. It was based on the annual statistical data issued by the Central Bureau of Statistics. Using the statistic programme (SPSS) we have made econometric models to estimate the parameters of models of the impact of the tax on all public investment, private investment, gross capital formation, consumption, and these models can be used in the prediction of these variables, We have reached many important results, among which, the clear centrifugal relationship between taxes and total fixed capital formation in both public and private sectors. In fact, the tax itself had not been an effective tool in increasing the rate of growth of both public and private investment. It also shows us that the Syrian tax system depends on indirect taxes (consumption tax) that reduce the consumption of individuals contributing to the decline in the volume of employment and national income, In addition to the significant decline in distributing the national income fairly due to high indirect taxes which consequently affected the low-income category, Show us through the curve of Lawrence.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
يتناول هذا البحث الآثار الاقتصادية للضرائب والرسوم في سوريا خلال الفترة من 1990 إلى 2009، باستخدام بيانات المجموعة الإحصائية السنوية الصادرة عن المكتب المركزي للإحصاء. تم استخدام البرنامج الإحصائي SPSS لبناء نماذج قياسية لتقدير معلمات أثر الضريبة على الاستثمار العام والخاص، وإجمالي التكوين الرأسمالي، والاستهلاك. توصل البحث إلى أن هناك علاقة طردية وقوية بين الضريبة ومجمل تكوين رأس المال الثابت في القطاعين العام والخاص، ولكن الضريبة لم تكن أداة فعالة في زيادة معدل نمو الاستثمار العام والخاص. كما أظهر البحث أن النظام الضريبي السوري يعتمد بشكل كبير على الضرائب غير المباشرة التي تخفض من استهلاك الأفراد، مما يسهم في انخفاض حجم العمالة والدخل القومي. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أشار البحث إلى تراجع كبير في عدالة توزيع الدخل القومي في سوريا بسبب ارتفاع الضرائب غير المباشرة التي أثرت بشكل كبير على فئة ذوي الدخل المحدود، وهو ما تم تأكيده من خلال منحنى لورانس.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أن البحث يقدم تحليلاً شاملاً للآثار الاقتصادية للضرائب والرسوم في سوريا، إلا أنه يمكن أن يكون أكثر تفصيلاً في بعض النقاط. على سبيل المثال، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى الآثار الاجتماعية للضرائب وكيفية تأثيرها على الفئات المختلفة من المجتمع. كما أن البحث يعتمد بشكل كبير على البيانات الإحصائية دون تقديم تحليل نوعي يمكن أن يضيف قيمة إضافية لفهم أعمق للموضوع. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن أن يكون هناك تركيز أكبر على السياسات البديلة التي يمكن أن تساعد في تحسين النظام الضريبي وجعله أكثر عدالة وكفاءة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الفترة الزمنية التي يغطيها البحث؟

    يغطي البحث الفترة من 1990 إلى 2009.

  2. ما هي العلاقة بين الضريبة ومجمل تكوين رأس المال الثابت في القطاعين العام والخاص؟

    توجد علاقة طردية وقوية بين الضريبة ومجمل تكوين رأس المال الثابت في القطاعين العام والخاص.

  3. ما هو التأثير الرئيسي للضرائب غير المباشرة على الاقتصاد السوري؟

    الضرائب غير المباشرة تخفض من استهلاك الأفراد، مما يسهم في انخفاض حجم العمالة والدخل القومي.

  4. كيف أثرت الضرائب غير المباشرة على عدالة توزيع الدخل القومي في سوريا؟

    أدت الضرائب غير المباشرة إلى تراجع كبير في عدالة توزيع الدخل القومي، حيث أثرت بشكل كبير على فئة ذوي الدخل المحدود.


References used
(Vice Chairman Jim Saxton, Tax Reduction and the Economy, Joint Economic Committee Study, , july 1999,page(13
(Eric Engen * & Jonathan Skinner, Taxation and Economic Growth, National Tax JournalVol 49 no. 4 (December 1996) pp. 617-42, page(26
(William Beach,Rea Hederman, Jr.andGuinevere Nell, Economic Effects of Increasing the Tax Rates on Capital Gains and Dividends, April 15, 2008 (http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2008/04/economic-effects-of-increasing-the-taxrates- on-capital-gains-and-dividends
rate research

Read More

This research investigates the main factors (domestic and foreign) affecting inflation rate in Syria. Choosing the factors is based on the analysis of the major economic hypothesis concerning inflation determinants such as: excess purchasing power, cost push inflation, foreign inflation. By using OLS method, we find long run function, and it shows that the excess purchasing power has no significant effect on inflation rate. The error correction model shows that high cost rate has the biggest effect on inflation rate in the short run.
Information and communication technology (ICT), Gross capital formation, Openness, and Inflation are frequently well-thought-out as important drivers of economic growth for all countries, and especially for developing countries. This study aims to examine the effect of these factors no economic growth in Syria covering the period from 1995-2012, with main interest of the impact of ICT. To this end, the study utilized annual time series data set over the period 1990 to 2010. Econometric techniques include testing the stationary of data by applying (ADF) test and applying Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method of estimation. Moreover, Short run and long run estimates were found . The paper confirms a negative and statistically significant relationship between the economic growth and technology index in the short run, but the relationship becomes positive and statistically significant in the long run. This paper confirms a negative and statistically significant relationship between the economic growth and GFC in the short run, but the relationship becomes positive and statistically significant in the long run, where the relationship between openness and economic growth is positive both in the short and long run, whereas the relationship between the inflation rate and economic growth is negative both in the short and long run.
This research studies inflation and its reasons in the Syrian economy using (1990-2010) data, also it studies imported inflation and its reflects on inflation rates, considering that the imported inflation is one of the major drivers of inflation in transitioning economies. We find that the imported inflation has a significant effect on inflation rate, and it leads – beside endogenous factors – to high inflation rates. Hence, there must be coordination among economic policies to achieve the balance between money market and commodities market, in addition to the optimal use of the potential sources, thus less import.
The objective of this research is applying Factor Analysis for Studying the most important economic factors affecting the number of employees within period 2000 till 2009 in Syria, to propose a methodological framework for constructing the integrat ed factor analysis model system (FAMS) that can be used as a decision support tool in employment year examination and supervision process for detection of years, which are experiencing serious problems. Sample and variable set of the study contains 17 economic variables. Study years (10 years during the period 2000–2009) and their economic variables. Well known multivariate statistical technique (principal component analysis), was used to explore the basic economic characteristics of the theses years, and discriminant models were estimated based on these characteristics to construct FAMS. The importance of factor analysis model system in employment year examination was evaluated with respect to defining the non-employment years for deciding the most important employment policy for reducing unemployment rates in future. Results of the study show that, if FAMS was effectively employed within studied years, It is possible in this case to identify weaknesses, according to the years that have the number of employees is less than the overall average calculated over the period.
The purpose of this research is to study the determinants of the real exchange rate in Syria during the period 1990 to 2011. We employed Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model to study the long-term relationship between the real exchange rate and the f actors affecting it. Also we applied the Granger causality test to investigate the direction of the relationship between these variables. In addition, the Impulse Response Functions (IRF) and the Variance Decomposition to determine thecontribution of thesedeterminantsin the interpretation ofthe variance oftherealexchangerateof the Syrian pound. Eight possible determinants have been included in the empirical model: Foreign direct investment,realGDPgrowthrate,money supply, government consumption, trade openness,real interest rate, terms of trade, political stability indictor. The variables that have been found to have a long run relationship with the real exchange rate are: theforeign direct investment, real GDP growth rate and trade openness.EspeciallyForeign direct investment and Real GDP growth rate which have the greatest effect on the real exchange rate, while the trade openness had the least effect on the real exchange rate in Syria.Leavingthe other determinants with insignificant effect on real exchange rate in Syria.
comments
Fetching comments Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا