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Analytical and Statistical Study of the Economic Effects of taxes and fees in Syria the period 1990-2009

دراسة تحليلية إحصائية للآثار الاقتصادية للضرائب و الرسوم في سورية خلال الفترة (1990-2009)

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 Publication date 2013
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This research handles the economic effects of taxes and fees presented as a statistical and analytical study during the period 1990-2009 in Syria. It was based on the annual statistical data issued by the Central Bureau of Statistics. Using the statistic programme (SPSS) we have made econometric models to estimate the parameters of models of the impact of the tax on all public investment, private investment, gross capital formation, consumption, and these models can be used in the prediction of these variables, We have reached many important results, among which, the clear centrifugal relationship between taxes and total fixed capital formation in both public and private sectors. In fact, the tax itself had not been an effective tool in increasing the rate of growth of both public and private investment. It also shows us that the Syrian tax system depends on indirect taxes (consumption tax) that reduce the consumption of individuals contributing to the decline in the volume of employment and national income, In addition to the significant decline in distributing the national income fairly due to high indirect taxes which consequently affected the low-income category, Show us through the curve of Lawrence.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
يتناول هذا البحث الآثار الاقتصادية للضرائب والرسوم في سوريا خلال الفترة من 1990 إلى 2009، باستخدام بيانات المجموعة الإحصائية السنوية الصادرة عن المكتب المركزي للإحصاء. تم استخدام البرنامج الإحصائي SPSS لبناء نماذج قياسية لتقدير معلمات أثر الضريبة على الاستثمار العام والخاص، وإجمالي التكوين الرأسمالي، والاستهلاك. توصل البحث إلى أن هناك علاقة طردية وقوية بين الضريبة ومجمل تكوين رأس المال الثابت في القطاعين العام والخاص، ولكن الضريبة لم تكن أداة فعالة في زيادة معدل نمو الاستثمار العام والخاص. كما أظهر البحث أن النظام الضريبي السوري يعتمد بشكل كبير على الضرائب غير المباشرة التي تخفض من استهلاك الأفراد، مما يسهم في انخفاض حجم العمالة والدخل القومي. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أشار البحث إلى تراجع كبير في عدالة توزيع الدخل القومي في سوريا بسبب ارتفاع الضرائب غير المباشرة التي أثرت بشكل كبير على فئة ذوي الدخل المحدود، وهو ما تم تأكيده من خلال منحنى لورانس.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أن البحث يقدم تحليلاً شاملاً للآثار الاقتصادية للضرائب والرسوم في سوريا، إلا أنه يمكن أن يكون أكثر تفصيلاً في بعض النقاط. على سبيل المثال، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى الآثار الاجتماعية للضرائب وكيفية تأثيرها على الفئات المختلفة من المجتمع. كما أن البحث يعتمد بشكل كبير على البيانات الإحصائية دون تقديم تحليل نوعي يمكن أن يضيف قيمة إضافية لفهم أعمق للموضوع. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن أن يكون هناك تركيز أكبر على السياسات البديلة التي يمكن أن تساعد في تحسين النظام الضريبي وجعله أكثر عدالة وكفاءة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الفترة الزمنية التي يغطيها البحث؟

    يغطي البحث الفترة من 1990 إلى 2009.

  2. ما هي العلاقة بين الضريبة ومجمل تكوين رأس المال الثابت في القطاعين العام والخاص؟

    توجد علاقة طردية وقوية بين الضريبة ومجمل تكوين رأس المال الثابت في القطاعين العام والخاص.

  3. ما هو التأثير الرئيسي للضرائب غير المباشرة على الاقتصاد السوري؟

    الضرائب غير المباشرة تخفض من استهلاك الأفراد، مما يسهم في انخفاض حجم العمالة والدخل القومي.

  4. كيف أثرت الضرائب غير المباشرة على عدالة توزيع الدخل القومي في سوريا؟

    أدت الضرائب غير المباشرة إلى تراجع كبير في عدالة توزيع الدخل القومي، حيث أثرت بشكل كبير على فئة ذوي الدخل المحدود.


References used
(Vice Chairman Jim Saxton, Tax Reduction and the Economy, Joint Economic Committee Study, , july 1999,page(13
(Eric Engen * & Jonathan Skinner, Taxation and Economic Growth, National Tax JournalVol 49 no. 4 (December 1996) pp. 617-42, page(26
(William Beach,Rea Hederman, Jr.andGuinevere Nell, Economic Effects of Increasing the Tax Rates on Capital Gains and Dividends, April 15, 2008 (http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2008/04/economic-effects-of-increasing-the-taxrates- on-capital-gains-and-dividends
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