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Register a new userField competition between Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench and silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.)
المنافسة الحقلية بين نباتات الذرة البيضاء (bicolor Sorghum Moench (L و نباتات الباذنجان البري Solanum elaeagnifolium
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يعد الباذنجان البري من الأعشاب الخطيرة في حقول القطن و المحاصيل الحقلية الـصيفية الأخـرى بسبب احتوائه على مواد قلوية (alkaloid) لها خاصية المنافسة الأليلوباثية (Allelopathy) التي تثبط إنبات النباتات الأخرى التي تنمو معها. و يعد نبات الذرة البيضاء أيضاً من النباتات التـي لهـا خاصـية المنافسة الأليلوباثية Allelopathy نظراً لغناه في العديد من المـواد الكيميائيـة (Allelochemicals) القابلة للذوبان في الماء، ما يمكّن من استخدامها لمكافحة الأعشاب الضارة في المحاصيل الحقلية كبـديل عن استخدام المبيدات. درست ظاهرة المنافسة الحقلية بين نباتات الذرة البيـضاء و نباتـات الباذنجـان البري و قُدر مدى تحمل كل نوع لوجود الآخر.
Ssilverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) is a serious weed to cotton and other field summer crops due to the alkaloids present in the plant and have allelopathic potential on the germination of other plants. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) have been investigated as a allelopathic crop having strong competition potential in the field containing many numerous water solution allelochemicals and can be used to control weeds in field crops. A field competition study between sorghum and silverleaf nightshade plants was conducted to determine how long every plant can resist against the other.
References used
Abernathy, J. R and J.W. Keeling. 1979. Silverleaf nightshade control in cotton with glyphosate, Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 32, 380
AL Mouemar, A. 2006. L etat actuelle de l extension de (Solanum elaeagnifoliom Cav ) en Syrie, Workshop Solanum-ssousa Tunsia
Amsalu, A. and B. Endashaw. 1998. Geographical patterns of morphological variations in sorghum(Sorghumbicolor L.)Moench in Hereditas, 129:195-205
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Heritability and genetic advance of some grain yield components and some
morpho-physiological traits in 36 sorghum hybrids [Sorghum bicolor L.
Moench] produced by top-cross using cytoplasmic male sterility were
estimated.
Narrow-sense heritabilit
y for plant height and head length were relatively
high in Damascus location (65% and 56%) respectively, but the narrow-sense
heritability of all characters in Raqqa location were low, the range was from
3% for threshing percentage to 34% for plant height, and from 22% for seed
weight/head to 60% for plant height in the combined analysis.
Genetic advance estimates were relatively low for all characters, the range
was from 0% for 100 seed weight to 28.3% for plant height (Damascus
location), and from 0.02% for seed numbers/head to 15.2% for plant height
(Raqqa location), and from 5.8% for the number of days to flowering to 26.5%
for plant height (combined analysis).
Some characters such as plant height and head length showed relatively
high values of heritability, but exhibited low values of genetic advance.
Therefore other characters had low heritability coupled with low values of
genetic advance indicated predominance of non-additive gene action. This
result implies the need for several generations of selection to improve grain
yield components and other traits.
A hydroponic culture experiment was conducted under the green house
conditions, at the general commission of scientific agricultural research, and
the faculty of agriculture, Damascus university, during the year 2002-003.
The objectives of this in
vestigation concentrated on the influence of four
salinity levels (0-50-100-150 mM NaCl) on some physiological parameters of
eight sorghum genotypes. The experiment was designed in a RCB design with
three replications.
This Research was conducted in the laboratory of tissue culture affiliated to
the National Commission of Biotechnology (NCBT) during the period between
2011 -2012 for induction of callus from mature embryos for three local
Genotypes of grain Sorgh
um, regeneration of the plant from callus, rooting
plantlets and acclimatization in order to get a plant capable to grow in
greenhouse. The best concentration for sterilizing the plant and entering it in
use was 5% NaOCL for 20 minutes. The addition of 2 mg/l of 2,4-D (2,4-
dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) to MS medium caused an increase in the ratio of
callus induction and embryogenic callus.
An experiment was conducted in Kharabo station which belongs to the
faculty of agriculture, Damascus university during the growing season 2009 !
2010, to evaluate the response of seventeen sorghum genotypes under water
stress conditions during the flowering stage according to the randomized
complete block design (RCBD), with three replicates.
نفذت تجارب مخبرية بهدف معرفة تأثير مستخلص من ريزومات، سنابل مع بذور، أوراق من
في إنبات بذور سبعة أنواع من النباتات المزروعة في أطباق Sorghum halepense L. نباتات الرزين
الإنبات (الفليفلة، الخيار، الكوسا، البندورة، الفاصولياء، القمح، الذرة الصفراء).
تبين من النتائج أن
إضافة ١٠ أو ١٥ أو ٢٠ ملليترًا من رشاحة هذه المستخلصات إلى الأطباق عند الزراعة يمنع إنبات
بذور الأنواع التالية: الفاصولياء، الفليفلة وفقط عند استخدام ٢٠ ملليترًا لأنواع الخيار والكوسا
والبندورة. كما يخفض نسبة الإنبات في الأطباق التي زرعت ببذور القمح، الذرة الصفراء.
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