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Development of an efficient screening tool to assess the genetic variability for NaCl – induced salinity stress among Sorghum (Sorghumbicolor [L.]Moench) genotypes at early growth stages (seedling)

تطوير تقانة غربلة فعالة في كشف التباين الوراثي لمدخلات من الذرة البيضاء لتحمل الإجهاد الملحي في مراحل النمو المبكرة (البادرة)

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 Publication date 2003
  fields Field Crops
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Different experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions, at the Faculty of Agriculture – Damascus University, in order to develop a suitable and efficient screening tool, which can be applied to assess the genetic variability among 20 sorghum genotypes (Izraa series) for high salt stress tolerance. We were able to develop a screening technique involves pre- exposing sorghum seedlings to a sub – lethal level of salinity stress (induction stress) (150 mM NaCl) for 16 hrs which can induce the genotypes to prepare defensive means, which may differ according to the genetic potentiality of each genotype. These protective responses may help the genotype to endure the lethal level of salinity stress (400 mM NaCl) for 48 hrs. At a later stage, the seedlings were transferred to distilled water for 72 hrs and the rate of recovery growth was taken as a criterion to select the highly salt tolerant genotypes by using Zdistribution analysis. Results revealed that genotypes such as: Izraa 10, Izraa 15, and Izraa 18 could be classified as salt tolerant genotypes which showed higher recovery growth and the least growth reduction over the control. Whereas a genotype such as Izraa 22 was grouped as salt sensitive one where the percent growth reduction over the control was greater, indicating that this genotype has low recovery growth ability. Our results suggest that the proposed screening technique is rapid, effective, and match the natural screening.

References used
sAL- Ouda, SH. A, 1999. Genetic Variability in temperature and moisture stress tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Ph. D. Thesis, submitted to UAS, Bangalore, India
(Amzallag, G. N. and Lerner, H. R. and Poljakoff- Mayber, A. 1990a. Induction of increased salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor by NaCl pre-treatment. Journal of Experimental Botany 41(222) 29-34 (En. 18ref
Exogenous ABA as amodulator of the response of sorghum to high salinity. J.Exp.Bot.,41:1529-1534
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Determination of the optimum induction and lethal levels of stress are considered the most important prerequisites for the proposed screening technique. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture at Damascus University in the year ٢ ٠٠٠. The main objective of this investigation was to screen sorghum lines for heat stress tolerance and determine the effectiveness of the proposed technique in screening for this environmental stress at the seedling stage.
A hydroponic culture experiment was conducted under the green house conditions, at the general commission of scientific agricultural research, and the faculty of agriculture, Damascus university, during the year 2002-003. The objectives of this in vestigation concentrated on the influence of four salinity levels (0-50-100-150 mM NaCl) on some physiological parameters of eight sorghum genotypes. The experiment was designed in a RCB design with three replications.
An experiment was conducted in Kharabo station which belongs to the faculty of agriculture, Damascus university during the growing season 2009 ! 2010, to evaluate the response of seventeen sorghum genotypes under water stress conditions during the flowering stage according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replicates.
A laboratory experiment was conducted during 2002-003. The purpose was to develop an effective and rapid screening tool to assess the genetic variability for the response of some local barley varieties to polyethylene glycol- induced osmotic stres s at early growth stage. Also this will help to evaluate the relevance of pre-exposure of barley seedlings to sub-lethal (induction) levels of osmotic stress. This might enhance the capacity of seedlings to tolerate the lethal levels of stress.
Laboratory experiment was conducted in the laboratories of field crops department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, during the year 2011, in order to screen some lentils genotypes to osmotic stress at seedling stage.

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