An experiment was conducted in Kharabo station which belongs to the
faculty of agriculture, Damascus university during the growing season 2009 !
2010, to evaluate the response of seventeen sorghum genotypes under water
stress conditions during the flowering stage according to the randomized
complete block design (RCBD), with three replicates.
This research aimed to evaluate the general and specific combining ability
components for six inbred lines and 15 hybrids produced by a half diallel cross method,
and was conducted during 2010-2011 seasons, in the Department of the Maize Researches
at G.C.S.A.R. Damascus .
The evaluation included the grain yield, ear height, ear length, and silking under two
different treatments of nitrogen fertilizer (1- addition of 50% of N-fertilizer with sowing
and the other 50% one month after sowing. 2- addition of 50% of N-fertilizer 18 days after
sowing and 50% one month after sowing).and 3 replicates.
Results indicated that:
Mean squares of inbred lines, and hybrids were highly significant for all studied
traits under two adding dates of nitrogen fertilizer, which indicated the presence of genetic
distance among parental lines.
The ratios (
2
GCA/
2
SCA) showed that additive gene effect was more important than
non-additive gene effect in controlling all studied traits except grain yield which showed
dominance of non-additive gene effect under tow dates.
Many of significant positive GCA effects were obtained for all traits, therefore, it
could be concluded, that the inbred lines CML.330, IL.26-09 and CML.334 seemed to be
the best general combiners for grain yield.
The hybrid (CML.368 × IL.215-09) had showed the best specific combining ability
effects for grain yield under the first date, while the hybrid (CML.330 × IL.26-09) showed
the best SCA effects under the second date.
The second adding date of nitrogen fertilizer (50% 18 days after sowing and 50%
one month after sowing) had surpassed of the first date (50% with sowing and 50% one
month after) with significant effects for grain yield trait.
A half diallel set of crosses among six highly diverse barley (Hordeum
vulgare L.) genotypes were evaluated at Karahta Research Station, General
Commission of Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), during 2010-2011
and 2011-2012 seasons to stud
y heterosis, potence ratio, correlations among
traits and path coefficient analysis for number of spikes per plant, number of
grains per plant, number of grains per spike, biological yield ,and grain yield
per plant. Heterosis effects for seed yield ranged from%-89.52 (T-6669×S-6303)
to%16.99 (Arabi abiad mohsan×S-6689) and from%-49.94 (L-6711×S-6689)
to %-1. 35 (Arabi abiad mohsan×S-6689) relative to mid and better parents
respectively. Potence ratio values ranged from 1.14 (number of spikes per
plant) to 3.50 (biological weight) indicating that non-additive gene action was
more important in controlling all studied traits. Correlation coefficients among
traits indicated that seed yield was positively and significantly associated with
each of number of spikes per plant (0.289), number of grains per plant (0.832),
number of grains per spike (0.587), and biological yield (0.708) traits. Path
coefficient analysis indicated that number of grains per plant trait had high
positive direct effects on grain yield.
This study was conducted at the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture in
Kharabo during 2011 2012 growing season. RCB design with two replicates was
used and the correlation and regression relationship among characters were
tested. Results showed tha
t plant and ear heights were both positively
correlated with some quantitative characters (number of kernels per row،
number of rows per ear, 100 kernel Wight, and kernels weight per ear).
Regression results also showed that the increase in plant and ear height was
associated with an increase in number of rows per ear, kernels weight per ear
and 100 kernel wight. It was concluded that plant height and/or ear height can
be used as a direct selection index for number of rows per ear, kernels weight
per ear and 100 kernel wight.
This study was carried out at Karahta Station of Field Crop
Research, General Commission of Agricultural Scientific Researches
during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 cropping seasons in order to determine the
phenotypic correlation coefficient between the traits and the path coefficients
analysis for the most affected traits in grain yield.
A half diallel set of crosses among six highly diverse barley (Hordeum
vulgare L.) genotypes were evaluated at Karahta station of field crops research
(GCSAR) Damascus Governorate, during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons to
study heterosis and comb
ining ability components for plant height, grain yield
per plant, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike and
thousand kernel weight.
This study was carried out through the cooperation between Faculty of
Agricultural Damascus University and General Commission of Agricultural
Scientific Researches in Karahta station of field crops researches during 2010-
2011 and 2011-2012 succes
sive seasons. Four hybrids of durum wheat namely
(Duma1*Sauady), (Buhuth9*Q88), (Sham7*Q130) and (Horaney*Q131) were
evaluated to estimate heritability, genetic advance, heterosis and inbreeding
depression for days to heading ,grain filing period, plant height, number of
spikes per plant, and number of grains per plant. The mean average for all
these traits revealed highly significant differences among crosses. Low in
protein content trait (23-69%), medium in grain yield per plant (38-70) and
high heritability in thousand kernel weight (62-81%) were found. All hybrids
showed the highest for both mid and better parents heterosis for protein
content and gluten traits. High heritability was accompanied by high genetic
advance for thousand kernel weight. Low heritability was coupled with low
genetic advance for grain yield per plant, protein content and gluten. However,
greater magnitude of heritability coupled with higher genetic advance in some
traits provided that these parameters were under the control of additive genetic
effects. This indicates that selection should lead to fast genetic improvement of
the material. Moreover, the high genetic correlations for most of the traits,
suggested a strong inherent association among these traits at the genetic level.
Thus these traits deserve better attention in future breeding programs for
evolving better wheat in stress environments.
The present study was conducted at the First of May Station belongs to the
General Commission For Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR) at
Damascus during 2011 and 2012 growing seasons to estimate gene action,
heritability, genotypic and phenot
ypic coefficient variations (GCV, PCV) and
genetic advance for two crosses of soybean. The five population (P1, P2, F1, F2,
F3) of each cross were grown in a randomized complete block design (RCBD)
with three replications in order to evaluate oil and protein contents and seed
yield traits. Results of mean square analysis showed significant differences
(p<0.05) among mean values of the five populations for all studied traits
between the populations of each cross. The second cross achieved high broad
and narrow sense heritability (66%, 44%) for protein content, high value of
phenotypic and genotypic variations in seed yield in the second cross achieved
(18.03,17.30) and high value of expected genetic advance was obtained 11.09%.
In most traits, epistasis of the dominance × dominance type of gene action
occupied the first rank in order of importance in controlling inheritance of the
evaluate traits in both crosses indicating the importance of selection in late
segregating generations to improve these traits. These findings are supported
by high values of heritability, which was related with low to moderate expected
genetic advance in two crosses.
This research was conducted at the Department of Maize in the General
Commission of Science Agriculture Research (GCSAR) Damascus, Syria. The
genetic material included parental inbred lines and the first and second (F1, F2)
generations of two hybr
ids of maize to estimate the heterosis, degree of
dominance and the inbreeding depression under two treatments of irrigation.
Results showed that mean squares of inbred lines P1, P2 and the first generation
were non significant for all studied traits, while the variance of the second
generation F2 was highly significant under the stress and non stress treatments,
The hybrid (IL.275–6×IL.362–6) showed the highest average of yield under
stress and non stress treatment, a Positive heterosis effect relative to mid
parents and the better parent was recorded for ear height, ear diameter, 100
kernels weight and yield per plant, The degree of dominance showed that the
branches per tassel was controlled by partial dominance on the other hand the
ear diameter and yield per plant showed the greatest values of inbreeding
depression, Results revealed the effective selection among the F2 individuals of
the studied hybrids specially the hybrid (IL.275–6× IL.362–6) through the late
generations (S5, S6) to get new inbred lines of maize which had dominance
desirable alleles to improve yield and it's components especially under water
stress conditions.
This study was conducted at the farm of Faculty of Agricultural-Kharabo as
an intensive planting during 2011 and 2012 growth seasons. Using RCB design
with two replications to study some genetic indices and simple linear
correlation between yield
and quality traits of 79 families selected from Sh
population, improved by Full-sib selection. Results revealed that traits, silking
days, protein percentage and oil percentage were affected by additive gene
action while plant height and starch percentage were affected by non-additive
gene action. Results also revealed that grain yield showed positive significant
correlation with starch percentage (r=0.94*) and negative significant
correlation with plant height (r=-0.95*) and protein percentage (r=-0.52*)
indicating that less selection cycles are needed to improve families with high
yield and starch percentage contents with early silking days (intensive planting)
and medium plant height (machining cropper).
