The soil water erosion risk is one of the most important problems and
challenges facing the agricultural process in the Syrian coast today. The aim
of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of dangerous areas of
water erosion in the
basin of the Mrqyieh River using CORINE model. To
achieve this objective, the first phase of the study was to evaluate the soil
erosion viability based on soil characteristics (soil texture, soil depth and
percentage of stones); these properties were classified according to their
influence degree on soil erosion. The potential risk erosion map was based
on crossing all information obtained from soil erodibility, erosivity index
and the degree of slope at study area by using GIS technologies. The land
cover map of the study was produced and classified to two classes
depending on soil protection degree. Then, an actual risk map of soil erosion
was prepared after crossing land cover and potential risk erosion classes of
study sites. This study showed that 14.8% of the studied area facing high
risk of soil erosion, while the soil risk was moderate in 40.4% and low in
44.8% of the study area. The highly risked erosion area was located in the
center, northern and northwest parts of the study area. Moreover, the study
confirmed that the land cover is the most influential factor on soil water
erosion. The results showed that the Corine model for soil water erosion
mapping is a highly effective and cost-effective approach
A pilot unit was constructed and operated to study the ability of treating polluted water
using biological treatment. The experimental unit consists of water sprayer unit that ensure
wetting of the filtered media and distributing water in a homogen
ous manner as well as
increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in water. The sprayer unit is followed by a
biological filter; the area of the filtered media was (13) m2. The developed biological film
placed on the filtered media will dismantle the organic matter, which reduce nitrates to
nitrite then to a nitrogen gas. The filter was connected to an aeration basin where the
suspended growth was archived. The pilot unit was operated depending on the water was
taking from a manhole nearby the residential unit number 18. The average efficiency of
BOD5 removing was 69.4% and of nitrate, removing was 34%. The results showed that
this system can improve water's characteristics.
The study, has Focused on determination of the most important hydrochemical
characteristics of water at AL-kabir alshemali estuary area by determination the
concentration of nutrient ions (nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphates and silicates) and th
e
factors affecting them. Water samples were collected from several stations of that area
between March 2017 and January 2018.
The highest concentrations of nutrient throughout the year were reported at river estuary
point (K0), a depression in their concentrations was observed in the station distanced
away from the river estuary point, compatible with salinity gradient. River estuary point
(K0) formed the main source of nutrients that are distributed to other stations.
Nutrient concentrations showed clear gradual depression in winter down to more than
1,000 meters from the estuary point, while the gradient in summer has less extension, It
was within the first 50 meters in some monthes.
The aim of this research is to predict the quantities of soil lost by the water erosion in the
Al-Hawiz Dam basin area using GIS and RUSL. R factor was calculated through
matimatical equation after collecting rain data during 2008-2017 from weather
station at
Basel-Al-Assad airport .k value of each soil sampl was calculated after determination of
txture,structure,saturated hydrolic conductivity, and organic matter).a map were prepared
showed local distribution of k values .slop factor was determined as well as using DEM for
studied region, and slop map was introduced in mathematical equation through a GIS to
obtain LS map .NDV used for studied region to calculate C map.To obtain predictive map
of soil lost quantitis ,maps of LS,C,K was multiplicated with R value.
The results showed that R value in studied region 342.78 ,while k factor value was
0.7-0.28.soil with low value concentrated at medium part of studied region,whil slop
factor value was between 0 and 38.87.C factor value was 0.29 at west part and 0.98 at east
part .prediction map of lost quantites was classified in to 4 degrees according erosion risk (
very low risk ,low,medium,high .The results of soil lost quantities were classified in to 4
classes in studied region : very low( 0-5) t/h/year,low( 5-12 ) t/h/year and medium ( 12-24
t/h/year and severe in which soil loss exceeded 24 t/h/year
This study was carried out on /516/ fish individuals of Chub Mackerel Scomber
japonicus (Houttuyn, 1782), which were caught from the Coastal water of Latakia
province (Levantine basin) from December 2014 to November 2015, to identify the
evolution
stages of sexual maturity (by morphological and histological methods)
and determine the spawning period of this important economic species. The results
showed that Scomber japonicus begin with sexual maturity from the beginning of
February and extend until mid-May, with a single peak in Mars. The average value
of the gonado-somatic index (GSI) was (12.46 ± 1.52)% for males and (13.21 ± 3.9)% for
female in Mars. And the total body length at sexual maturity was (21.5) cm for
males, and was (23.5) cm for females. The development stages and gonad maturation
in this specie, are similar with regard to the tissue and the form of gonads and
according to the six gonad maturation steps.
Maintenance in water structures is defined as a specific pre-planned execution, carried out
at the specified time, which leads to the permanence of these water structures, and their
continued functioning with economic and effective benefits. Water
structures of various
types and during normal use require care and maintenance in the required form, and at the
appropriate times, to have a permanent readiness, and to maintain the correct state, in
addition to prolonging their life. Therefore, periodic maintenance of the water structures is
of great importance due to its economic implications.
The aim of this research is to highlight the importance of regular and integrated
maintenance of water structures, to achieve optimum economic investment, and to study
the possibility of applying maintenance works to the faults of various water structures. It
also displays different types of maintenance and their applicability to these structures.
Finally, it provides an overview of the guidelines and recommendations for the safety of
these water structures, and the safety of personnel working in this engineering field.
The objective of this study is to study some of the optimal analytical conditions for the
determination of the Cu2+ ion using potentiometric titration method using the platinum
electrode as a working electrode and the AgCL/Ag as a Reference electro
de.
In this study, the technical conditions were studied (working Electrode type, Reference
Electrode type, Direction of titration, delay time, Proportional band, Speed of stirring)
and the analytical conditions (pH value, time factor, quantity of solid KI added, electrolyte
type and its concentration, detection limit) were studied using oxidation - reduction
reactions as the method of iodide titration which applied successfully electrochemical for
determine the Cu2+ ion.
Software engineering is an important concept for the development of information
systems, which is more than coding or writing of programs, that it includes quality,
scheduling, economics and knowledge of the application of principles. Software is s
ubject
to errors in manufacturing and operation and needs to be evaluated like any other product.
In this research paper, we present a development of the traditional programmatic model
of software engineering using the CRISP-DM methodology, which is primarily used in
data extraction engineering systems, that aims to improve software quality. We study the
effect of introducing this methodology in terms of reducing the number of errors
discovered in software and its impact on error detection at an early stage of the software
life cycle.
The results showed that the use of this methodology helped to reduce the errors
discovered in the software after the development process. It also helped to detect a greater
percentage of errors in the early stages of the software life cycle, which helps to increase
the quality of the software, compared to a relatively low number of lines. Code because of
applying the proposed methodology.
Pollution is an important problem experienced by modern societies and the presence of
polluants in water resources, especially freshones, makes them a serious and specified
problem for growth and life.The purpose of the research is to evaluate the
validity of the
sources of drinking water and comparison with the Syrian Standards adopted in this field,
as well as the calculation of their Quality Index ( Candian Quality Index )where periodic
physical ,chemical and biological analysis of water samples taken from the specified
sampling points were carried out in the studied area all the year round from April 2017 to
March 2018 ,(The Electric Conductivity , Turbidity , Total Hardness , Ammonium , Nitrite
, Nitrates , Phosphates ,Sulphates , Total Coliform , Fecal Coliform and E-Coli) were
measured . It showed that the values of the physical and chemical parameters of the water
samples taken from the specified sampling points achieved the allowed limits of the Syrian
Standard for drinking water expect for some values of Total Hardness and Phosphate
calcareous.Bacteriological pollution of water samples was found at specific sampling
points throughout the year with Total Coliform , Fecal Coliform and E-Coli exceeded
allowed limits in drinking water .Th classification of water in terms of drinking capacity
for the first water source ( Defa Spring )was acceptable (medium – acceptable ) while its
for the second water source ( AL-Rwameya Wells ) was very poor.
The present paper aims to use the thermal energy source for heating and water heating, by
mechanical method, and using rotary thermal generator doesn't produce environmental
harmful gases.
The thermal rotary has high specifications: easy investmen
t and low economic costs. In our
present work, we designed a special plan for placing the thermal rotary in the housethermal
heating system, for hot water production, for kitchens, washing and other alimentary
manufactures.
However, the plans explain using rotary thermal generator which could save in most traditional
heating machines and water heating especially boiler, burner and flue that produces
gases due to fuel combustion that is polluted environment, so that they are economic and
environmental friend.
