The widespread dissemination of the above-mentioned rules and the establishment of an
international criminal court will greatly contribute to opening the way to breaking this
vicious cycle and achieving the objective of establishing legal norms tha
t protect human
beings during armed conflicts of both types. And the motives of the International Criminal
Court and the legal rules governing its work and its functions and its impact on society.
The United States of America is one of the most countries that evade international judicial
justice and in violation of the rules of the International Criminal Court through the issuance
of several types of laws: First - laws that prevent the trial of any citizen or a US soldier
before the international judicial body to be the jurisdiction of the US domestic courts.
Second, resorting to bilateral and special treaties with countries on whose territory US
military bases are located, so that if their soldiers commit international war crimes, the
jurisdiction of the US military courts shall be exclusive and not within the jurisdiction of
the International Criminal Court.
Wars have many shapes and many means and there are a lot of weapons. Mind
brings automatically military shape of wars when referred to .This is because of the
conditional link that occurs between war and the military form. Cold war happened
betwee
n Russia and USA played a role in destroying the link mentioned before .Many
events followed insisted on the non-military form and non-military means of wars .This
study tries to throw light on the soft means of war mostly the psychological one attempting
to go over the role of Media in the events of Arabic Spring and trying to explore the
dualism between image and idea and its role in breaking wars. The study tries also ,
through political theories ,to explain how Media works on destroying Ideologies replacing
them by new ideologies that serves the aims and the goals of its sponsors .
This research raises the question of the
possibility of prosecuting the members of the " ISIS" organization for
this crime, and what is the response of international law to it,
through studying the best possible ways. The study ended with a
set o
f results and proposals, the most important of which was the
establishment of a special international court to try individuals of
"ISIS" for the crime of intentional destruction of cultural heritage
under the name of "cultural cleansing".
This study aims at identifying the level of the verbal aggression of children both at
home and in the refuge accommodation centers during the wartime of Syria. In addition, it
investigates the difference between the two genders ,of both samples, in
their practicing of
verbally aggressive behavior.
The researcher has applied the descriptive research method as it conforms to the aim and
nature of the research.
The research has been conducted in 2017 and the instruments of research have been
applied in June, 2017 in Lattakia, Syria. The community of that survey included children
brought up both at home and at the refuge accommodation centers ranging from 7 – 10
years old in Lattakia. The sample children were 120 male and female children divided
equally in half i.e. 60 children per sample. The refuge accommodation center has been
chosen randomly from the accommodation centers of Lattakia like the Stadium
Accommodation Center, Harem accommodation center, the Accommodation center of
"Jihad Mashi" in addition to some neighborhoods of the afore-mentioned city which serves
the purpose of the study.
The researcher has developed a research standard to estimate the verbal aggression
which conforms to the nature of study and the surrounding conditions. This standard has
been later examined and authenticated after being modified.
The researcher has attempted to investigate five hypothesis then reached the following
conclusions:
1.There is an essential difference in the level of verbal aggression between the two
samples; children at home are less verbally aggressive than those at the accommodation
centers.
2.There are no statistically significant gender differences between males and females
in the use of verbal aggression in the case of the children brought up at home and the
children brought up at refuge accommodation centers.
3. There are no statistically significant differences among males in the use of verbal
aggression in both samples (the children at home and at refuge accommodation centers.)
4. There is a statistically significant difference among females in the use of verbal
aggression in both samples (the children at home and at refuge accommodation centers.).
Russian-Iranian relations began crystallize and expand significantly after the
end of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, but
these relations seemed cautious in the beginning, despite the existence of
common interests
between both countries represented to strengthen Iran's
military and economic capabilities, Russia considered as a supportive partner
in this field, in addition to nuclear cooperation where Russia was the only
country that has not been subject to pressure from the United States and
accepted the signing of the contract for the establishment of the Iranian
nuclear reactor, In contrast, Russia has considered these relationships an
opportunity to improve its economy, which suffered a strong tremor after the
disintegration of the Soviet Union.
The current study aims to identify the level of psychological hardiness and the
meaning of life among the Syrian Arab army wounded.
As well as to investigate the relationship between the psychological hardiness and
the meaning of life among them.
As well as to detect whether there are differences in the
level of psychological hardiness can be due to certain demographic variables such as
handicapped(permanent/temporary)and kinds of services( compulsory/volunteer ).The
researcher used the descriptive method and sample formed of (122) of Syrian Arab army's
woundedand used to achieve the objectives of the study two scales, psychological
hardiness, the meaning of life. The study found the following results:
-The relative weight of psychological hardiness of Syrian Arab army's
wounded(75%) also reached the relative weight of meaning of life (73,46) and there is a
positive correlation between the level of psychological hardiness to the Syrian Arab army's
wounded and there are not significant differences in the level of psychological hardiness
,meaning of life due to the variables used in it.
The study addressed the Iranian – Turkish relations after the cold war and focused on
the most important interactions and trans formations takin, place between the two states in
light of the international, regional and internal developments.
The s
tudy also analyzed the dialectic cooperation-competition which takes control of
the track of Iranian-Turkish relationship since the end of the cold war as it identified the
cooperation and competition factors between the two states in the three environments
(internal, regional and international).
The study found that the Iranian – Turkish relations have directly been affected by
the end of the cold war when the collapse of the Soviet Union led to building up the
regional role and political influence of the two states in the Middle East and central Asia in
an effort to get the major regional power status in the regional system.
The study found that the Iranian – Turkish relations have directly been affected by
the end of the cold war when the collapse of the Soviet Union led to building up the
regional role and political influence of the two states in the Middle East and central Asia in
an effort to get the major regional power status in the regional system.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the cold war, Russia became the legitimate heir to the Soviet Union, and inherited his permanent seat in the UN Security Council, and the availability of a range of strengths such as geographicala
rea and economic potential and population, and military capacity, including large nuclear arsenal, has made Russia one of the actors at the international level, so they are trying today to have an important role in the Middle East, and aspires to be a competitor for the United States in the region, during the reign of Putin'sreflected Russian foreign policy in the Middle East positions strengthened with regional crises, we noted that in the Russian stance of the US occupation of Iraq, as well as the position of the so-called "Arab spring", this has made the role of Russia is increasing the importance of achieving stability in the Middle East.
The events, the developments and the international changes are based on the tracks that always deviate as the result of wills struggle between the forces and states. In the sense that the political crises that countries face means a set of interactio
ns among the forces that have conflict which may reach to a confrontation. So we must be aware of the political and economic changes, according to the scientific methods to understand what threatens the interests of the states. Many of the sequential crises throughout history are resulted from the use of the power which is based on the object of the available resources. Therefore, the power is the practical exercise and the political investment abroad and that happens through diplomacy or war so that the state can determine its objectives, and decide what to choose among those of power tools.
The forces and the states have seek to own the overall power in order to be the motivator of the political units within the framework of the international community. There are countries which benefit from the wars set in their agendas in advance to achieve the aims of their policy. War is still an essential tool for states, governments and groups to achieve their interests through direct conflict, or through the threat of sanctions, or through aids, including the so-called soft power, and sometimes through the form of international legitimacy, including the emergence of the term "fighting terrorism" and what accompanied it of global changes led to politically, militarily, economically and technologically submission to the powerful nations.
