هدف البحث الحاليّ إلى تعرُّف مستوى العنف اللّفظيّ لدى أطفال البيوت و أطفال مراكز الإيواء النّاتج عن ظروف الحرب على سورية. و إلى دراسة الفروق بين الجنسين، في ممارستهم العنف اللّفظيّ بتأثير هذه الظّروف.
استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفيّ و ذلك لملاءمته غرض البحث الحاليّ و طبيعته.
أجري البحث خلال العام 2017، و تمّ تطبيق أداة البحث في شهر أيار من العام نفسه. في مدينة اللاذقية. و تمثّل مجتمع البحث في أطفال البيوت و أطفال مراكز الإيواء من عمر 7 إلى 10 سنوات في مدينة اللاذقية. بلغ عدد أفراد عيّنة البحث (120) طفلاً و طفلةٌ، بمقدار (60) طفلاً و طفلةً من أطفال البيوت و مثلهم من مراكز الإيواء و قد تم اختيار العيّنة بالطريقة العشوائيّة من مركز الإيواء الموجود في المدينة الرياضيّة، و مركز حارم، و مركز الشّهيد جهاد ماشي، و بيوت في أحياء متفرقة من مدينة اللاذقيّة لإجراء البحث.
استخدمت الباحثة مقياساً قامت بإعداده لقياس مستوى العنف اللّفظيّ، و ذلك بما يتناسب مع طبيعة البحث و مع البيئة المحيطة. و تمّ التّحقق من صدقه و ثباته. و توصّلت الباحثة إلى النّتائج الآتية:
1- وجود فرقٍ جوهريّ بين أطفال البيوت و أطفال مراكز الإيواء في مستوى العنف اللّفظيّ، لصالح أطفال البيوت الذين هم أقلّ عنفاً من أطفال مراكز الإيواء.
2- عدم وجود فرقٍ دالٍ إحصائيّاً بين متوسّطيّ درجات الذّكور و درجات الإناث على مقياس العنف اللّفظيّ لدى كلٍّ من أطفال البيوت و أطفال مراكز الإيواء.
3- عدم وجود فروقٍ ذات دلالة إحصائيّة بين متوسّطيّ درجات الذّكور على مقياس العنف اللّفظيّ لدى العيّنتيّن (أطفال البيوت و أطفال مراكز الإيواء).
4- وجود فرقٍ دالٍ إحصائيّا بين متوسّطات درجات الإناث على مقياس العنف اللّفظيّ لدى كلٍّ من عيّنتيّ البحث: (أطفال البيوت و أطفال مراكز الإيواء).
This study aims at identifying the level of the verbal aggression of children both at
home and in the refuge accommodation centers during the wartime of Syria. In addition, it
investigates the difference between the two genders ,of both samples, in their practicing of
verbally aggressive behavior.
The researcher has applied the descriptive research method as it conforms to the aim and
nature of the research.
The research has been conducted in 2017 and the instruments of research have been
applied in June, 2017 in Lattakia, Syria. The community of that survey included children
brought up both at home and at the refuge accommodation centers ranging from 7 – 10
years old in Lattakia. The sample children were 120 male and female children divided
equally in half i.e. 60 children per sample. The refuge accommodation center has been
chosen randomly from the accommodation centers of Lattakia like the Stadium
Accommodation Center, Harem accommodation center, the Accommodation center of
"Jihad Mashi" in addition to some neighborhoods of the afore-mentioned city which serves
the purpose of the study.
The researcher has developed a research standard to estimate the verbal aggression
which conforms to the nature of study and the surrounding conditions. This standard has
been later examined and authenticated after being modified.
The researcher has attempted to investigate five hypothesis then reached the following
conclusions:
1.There is an essential difference in the level of verbal aggression between the two
samples; children at home are less verbally aggressive than those at the accommodation
centers.
2.There are no statistically significant gender differences between males and females
in the use of verbal aggression in the case of the children brought up at home and the
children brought up at refuge accommodation centers.
3. There are no statistically significant differences among males in the use of verbal
aggression in both samples (the children at home and at refuge accommodation centers.)
4. There is a statistically significant difference among females in the use of verbal
aggression in both samples (the children at home and at refuge accommodation centers.).
References used
Paul ;Hetal .Child Development and personality ,seventh edition .Row publiehers , New York.793 ,1990
Pinheiro, Paulo. World Report on Violence Against Children. United Nation, 2006
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