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Register a new userContribution To The Development of The Collection And The Transfer Processes of Solid Waste In Lattakia City Using Geographical Information Systems
مساهمة في تطوير عمليات جمع و ترحيل النفايات الصلبة في مدينة اللاذقية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية
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إنَّ عملية جمع و نقل المخلّفات الصلبة تعتبر المسألة الأولى و الأساسيّة في إدارة النفايات الصلبة كما أنّها العمليّة الأكلف اقتصاديّاً حيث تصل نفقاتها في عمليّة نظام إدارة النفايات الصلبة البلديّة إلى نحو 60-70 % من إجمالي النفقات، حيث تبدأ هذه العمليّة من وضع المخلّفات في الحاويات إلى تفريغ هذه الحاويات في سيّارات النقل و من ثمَّ نقلها إلى محطّات الترحيل أو مواقع التخلّص النهائي. يمكن تقليل تكاليف الجمع و النقل عبر القيام باختيار المسار الأمثل، و بالتالي يمكن الحصول على العديد من المنافع الاقتصاديّة. في هذا البحث تمَّ استخدام تطبيقات نظم المعلومات الجغرافيّة من أجل الاختيار الأمثل لمسار جمع النفايات و نقلها و ترحيلها في مدينة اللاذقيّة، حيث تمَّ تصميم قاعدة بيانات مكانيّة تضمّنت بشكل رئيسي تمثيلاً للشوارع الرئيسيّة و الجسور و الأنفاق، كما تضمّنت تمثيلاً للمناطق السكنيّة المخدّمة بالحاويات، و جرت عمليّة ربطها مع بعضها باستخدام تقنيّات نظم المعلومات الجغرافيّة من أجل اختيار أفضل الطرق اقتصاديّاً و زمنيّاً لحركة سيّارات جمع و نقل النفايات ممّا يساهم بشكل عملي و فعّال في تحسين أنشطة إدارة النفايات الصلبة البلديّة في هذه المدينة.
The process of collecting and transporting solid waste is the first and fundamental issue in the management of solid waste as it is the most economically expensive operation, in which its expenses in the process of system of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) reaches about 60-70% of the total expenditure. This process starts from placing waste in containers till unloading these containers in transportation vehicles and then carry them to transfer stations or final disposal sites. The fees of collection and transportation can be reduced through the selection of the optimal path, and thus obtaining many economical benefits. In this research, the applications of geographical information systems (GIS) have been used in order to choose the optimal route for waste collection, transportation and transference in the city of Lattakia, Where a database has been designed which included mainly the streets, bridges and tunnels, it also included residential areas serviced by waste containers, and the process of linking them to each other took place by using the techniques of GIS in order to choose the best economical and timetable ways for the traffic of vehicles to collect and transport the waste, which contributes practically and effectively in improving the activities of municipal solid waste management in this city.
References used
KHAJURIA, A.; MATSUI, T. and MACHIMURA, T. GIS Application for Estimating the Current Status of Municipal Solid Waste Management System: Case Study of Chandigarh City, India. Division of Sustainable Energy an Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565- 0871, Japan, 2011, 8
SHARHOLY, M.; AHMAD, K.; VAISHYA, R.C. and Gupta, R.D. Municipal solid waste characteristics and management in Allahabad, India. Waste Management 27, 2007, 490-496
GHOSE, M.K.; Dikshit, A.K. and Sharma, S.K. A GIS based transportation model for solid waste disposal- A case study on Asansol municipality. Waste Management 26, 2006, 1287-1293
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With the increasing population, the rising standards of living, industrial progress and
rapid technological advancement, solid waste has varied and increased in amount as a
result of various human activities. Thus, waste disposal has become one of
the main
problems facing cities and human populations because of the dangers posed by this waste
to the environment and natural resources and health. Therefore, the development of an
integrated management system for solid waste has become one of the most important
elements of urban development strategies.
Traditional management of municipal solid waste disposal, which includes
collection, transfer and backfilling or burning operations, has evolved the concept of
disposal of solid waste during the previous decades and begun waste management
programs that focus on the use of computer programs such as geographic information
systems, which help environmental planning for cities, and selection of the most optimal
and economical solutions and.
This study includes the use of geographic information systems software technology
in the planning and selection of the optimal paths to collect and relay solid waste
containers in the city of Latakia. In fact, selecting these routes undergoes the equations of
length and time as to choose the shortest path, taking into account traffic regulations and
diesctions in the streets. As for time, it takes the shortest path in terms of speeds specified
for each road.
The disposal of solid waste is one of the most important contemporary environmental issues. Increasing population and what has been associated with the change in the patterns and lifestyles and increased consumption led to increasing the amount of pr
oduced waste and its quality, especially in cities; the estimated amount of solid waste produced daily in the city of Latakia was 840 tons. Thus, there is an urgent need to follow the techniques in the management of solid waste in all stages to maintain human health and protect the environment from pollution.
This study as a whole aims to estimate the amount and characteristics of solid waste, the methods used to collect and analyze the spatial distribution of the current waste collection containers in areas of the city of Latakia, better planning commensurate with its population and the amount of waste produced using GIS technology. To accomplish this, we have a comprehensive field survey to collect the waste containers in the study area where they were monitoring their locations and identifying characteristics; we relied on statistical analytical approach in the recruitment of data that have been obtained, and used the map to the city of Latakia Tags. And, through the program (ARC GIS 9.3) the data has been entered and processed, linked and analyzed using analysis tools attached to the program, exit maps and various forms that serve the study.
The study concludes that the current number of containers is not enough when discharged per day, and that the spatial distribution is not commensurate with the amount of waste produced in areas of the city .
Latakia is a Syrian city that generates approximately 800 tons per day of municipal solid
waste MSW, and the final disposal of MSW is in Al-Bassa open dump with no biogas
capturing or leachate collection systems. Thus, a life cycle assessment appro
ach LCA was
used to determine the optimal strategy of municipal solid waste management. to find the
most eco-friendly scenario, first, the composition study of MSW was conducted in Latakia.
The results of first step are to be utilized as a reliable data source in establishing a
complete picture of the environmental performances of municipal solid waste management
systems with a life cycle perspective. The functional unit of the study was selected as one
ton of MSW generated in Latakia. System boundaries included treatment and disposal of
MSW using different scenarios: the open dump of waste, sanitary landfilling with gas
recovery, and a material recovery facility MRF combined with a sanitary landfill and gas
recovery. Data on the process was gathered from a field study conducted in Latakia, and
from SimaPro 8.3.0 literature and libraries. The data was evaluated with IMPACT 2002+
methodology and the assessed environmental impact categories were climate change,
human health, ecosystem quality, and resources. According to the results, while open
dumping has been confirmed as the worst waste final disposal method, landfilling with gas
recovery and material recovery facility showed better performance and is considered as a
solution towards improved sustainability to overcome the existing waste management
problem.
The crisis in Syria heavily impacted public infrastructure as well as the provision of
basic services. This strongly affected the population in all Syrian governorates since the
beginning of the crisis seven years ago. The water sector is considere
d one of the most
affected. Hostilities led to damages in the networks and ensuing water cuts. In addition,
main pumping stations, boreholes and sanitation networks ceased to function. This
research aims at identifying the locations and extent of damages in the water networks in
Homs governorate based on the percentage of water and sanitation networks as well as
solid waste management services compared to the pre-conflict situation. The research
depends on utilizing the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based on descriptive data.
The information used comprises primary data collected in the field using structured
questionnaires filled by the local population as well as secondary data produced by
humanitarian organizations, SARC and governmental institutions. The results show
decreased the coverage of water and sanitation networks in Homs Governorate notably
outside the county centers while it is almost non-existent in the urban areas. The latter
include the southern and eastern counties Al Qariateen, Sadd, Mheen, Al furqulus, Al
Ruqama and Hisia. Furthermore, more than half of the population living in the eastern
urban areas rely on water trucking. The discontinuity of municipal services and
malfunction of solid waste removal trucks resulted in the accumulation of waste in many
areas. Therefore, the state of solid waste management is evaluated to be mostly “bad”,
while the reminder only reaches “medium” category, which means, the municipalities do
not collect the waste, or collect and dump inside the city .This situation strongly increases
the risk of an outbreak of infectious diseases.
The search gives a total studying about addressing systems in some Arabic and
Western countries, and then studying one of the Syrian cities and benefit from its
experience.
the scientific study had ALZERAA and ALAZHARI neighborhood in LATTAKIA.
c
onsidering that ALZERAA neighborhood is a regulator housing while ALAZHARI
neighborhood is a random one.
The working in ALZERAA neighborhood has been done adopting to the current
system which is applied from the council of LATTAKIA and decided by the local
administration ministry, where we propose amendments on this system which make it
easier to understand and use, and apply the proposed system within the geographic
information system (GIS) program.
Then studying the possibility of applying the proposed system on ALAZHARI
neighborhood and making the intransitive modification according to the nature of the
random areas like changing in the method of numeration because there are not streets
clearly in addition to that the buildings are not regularly distributed on the two sides of the
street.
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