A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was used
to detect infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in the commercial broiler flocks in
Syria. 50 tissue samples were taken from tracheal tissue, trachea and kidney of
the broil
ers suspected of infectious bronchitis (IB) from different governorates
of Syria i.e. Latakia, Tartous, Hama and Damascus countryside. RNA was
extracted directly from the tissue samples and then RNA was converted to cDNA
by RT-PCR technology; PCR reaction and Nested PCR interaction were carried
out sequentially. The primers used in the RT-PCR reaction were selected from
the S1 gene (spike), where mutations of the virus genome were concentrated in
this region (the hypervariable region). Some positive samples (10) were injected
at an age of 9-11 days old SPFEE-specific pathogen free embryonated eggs
according to the methods adopted in virology. This research was carried out at
the laboratories of Latakia Research Center, General Commission for Scientific
Agricultural Research GCSAR, in cooperation with the PCR laboratory at the
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Hama. The results showed the existence of 37
positive case for RT-PCR (74%), and the infectious embryos showed clear and
characteristic anatomical lesions of the infectious bronchitis virus after 5-6 days
post injection, delayed and undeveloped fetal (dwarfism), fingertip entanglement
and hemorrhage compared with the negative control. The results also showed the
sensitivity and speed of the RT-PCR test in the detection of the IBV virus.
This research aims to assess and study the evolution of broiler breeding in Syrian
Arab Republic in general and in Syrian Coast and Lattakia Governorate particularly, in
period between 2003 – 2012, and account of production costs for all stages of
broiler
breeding according and analyze these costs, and economical evaluation of production
broiler by using some economic indicators, and clarifying the impact of crisis in Syria the
process of broiler breeding and production in Lattakia Governorate, by comparing the
prices and costs befor and after the crisis.The research shows the production efficiency for
table chicken breeding in Lattakia Governorate amounted to /1.85/ in year 2010, and /1.20/
in year 2014, while the economic efficiencyreached /1.72/ in year 2010, and /1.09/ in year
2014, the return of capital period was 1.3 years in 2010, then it became 9.8 years in 2014.
Two hundred fecal samples were randomly collected from various
aged broiler flocks farms, which suffered from diarrhea or
respiratory problem or both in Tartous and Latakia Provinces of
Syria.
This study demonstrated the infection of the broiler
flocks with
Cryptosporidium in Tartous Province of Syria with a rate of 5.6%
only.
The results of tests based on morphology and size of
Cryptosporidium oocysts showed that the parasite is probably
C. baileyi which ranged in size about (6 μm X 4.5 μm).
This study aimed to determine the effect of antifungal drug (copper
Sulphate) on blood picture of broiler chickens Vaccinated with
Newcastle Disease Vaccine, We used the drug being tested by two
doses: (50, 100) ppm from the age of 7 till 45 Days.
We used /150/
chick were divided into three equal groups.
Experiment was conducted on 160 fertilized egg sterile, distributed
in four groups of 40 eggs in each of them, eggs incubation in the
hatchery for 12 h, and then go out and inject eggs experimental
Groups (1-2-3) with a solution of tetracycline under the embryo disk.
This study aimed to determine the effect of anticoccidial drug (Sulphaquinoxaline), that deployed in poultry farms in The Syrian Arab Republic, on some blood parameters, of broiler chickens for the commercial type(Ross), that available in Syria. We u
sed drug being tested by two doses(therapeutic dose and a double therapeutic dose), as the following: (125, 250)ppm, respectively .The experience birds that braved /120/ chick at aged one day were divided to three equal distribution groups (Control, group(1), Sulphaquinoxaline, group(2) at concentration(125)ppm, Salafaquinoxaline, group(3) at concentration(250)ppm). The experience period continued for(45) days. The anticoccidial drug were presented continuously with fodder, and the blood samples were collected three times during this period. The blood samples were taken from broilers at the age(15 - 30 - 45) days. 10 samples were taken of each group from indentified three groups, then lab tests were done on the blood picture. These Tests included determination of the values of total protein, albumin and Globulin in blood serum, and also it included determination the values of some mineral elements in blood serum. These elements contained[Ca- P- Mg ] in serum.
This study aimed to determine the effect of anticoccidial drug
(Sulphaquinoxaline), that deployed in poultry farms in the Syrian
Arab Republic, on some biochemical parameters, of broiler
chickens for the commercial type (Ross) available in Syria.
This study was carried out on 90 broiler chicks which divided into three groups. The first group has been given 0.75 g/L potassium nitrate and the second group was given 1 g/L potassium nitrate with drinking water for 30 days, While the third group w
as regarded as a control.
The birds were reared in same keeping house and feeded with the same ration without any additives and no vaccinations were applied.
All birds were sacrificed and examined by naked eye. Then the thymus gland was fixed by formalin and stained microscopic sections were examined by microscope.
The histological changes in the birds which dosed by 1 g/L and 0.75 g/L of nitrate were similar and the observed changes were the small size of cortex in some lobules, and the cortex were separated from bulb with increase the number of Hassall bodies in the bulb region, also there were vacuoles and reticular cells in different stages of degeneration and edema in the connective tissues in comparison with control group.
These results confirmed that nitrate had toxic effects on the tissues of thymus, and as a sequence reduced the number of T cells which lead to decrease the resistance and Immune response of the birds and retarded the growth rate.
Due to the importance of food security in the Arab Countries in general and in Syria in particular, the agricultural policy in Syria has emphasized on exploiting all the energies and agricultural resources for the production and provision of food. He
nce came the thinking in producing poultry meat in the modern commercial sectors which are not much affected by natural factors and climatic conditions. They are characterized by their low prices and the fast capital turnover when producing them. They are one of the most types of meat that highly contain animal protein. This research aims to achieve the following objectives:
1- Analyzing production costs of table chicken in Lattakia Governorate.
2- Economic assessment for the production of table chicken in Lattakia Governorate.
The study conclusion shows the most important results reached by the research, and they are:
1- The annual net profit achieved in the farm (per dunum) amounted to /1059662.4/ Syrian Pounds.
2- The production efficiency for table chicken breeding in Lattakia Governorate amounted to /1.36/.
3- The total economic efficiency for table chicken breeding in Lattakia Governorate amounted to /1.53/.
Three experiments were conducted using Cobb 500 broiler breeders to determine oviposition pattern and the effect of oviposition time of eggs representing different positions in the normal egg laying sequence on egg weight , fertility , hatchability , embryonic mortality and chicken weight at hatch.
