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Register a new userDetection of Cryptosporidium in broiler flocks in the Syrian Coast Region
الكشف عن البوغيات الخفية في قطعان دجاج اللحم في الساحل السوري
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Aِl-Baath University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2016
fields
Veterinary Medicine
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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جُمعت 200 عينة زرق بشكل عشوائي من قطعان دجاج اللحم في الساحل السوري لمحافظتي طرطوس و اللاذقية في سوريا بأعمار متفاوتة حيث عانت طيور تلك القطعان من مشاكل تنفسية أو إسهالات أو من الاثنين معاً. أثبتت الدّراسة إصابة قطعان دجاج اللحم بالبوغيات الخفية في محافظة طرطوس في سورية بنسبة 5.6 % فقط. و بَيَّنَتْ نتائج الاختبارات بناءً على الخصائص الشكلية و قياس أبعاد الكيسات البيضية بأن الطفيلي ربما يكوف من نوع بيلي C. baileyi حيث تقيس حوالي (4.5μmX6 μm).
Two hundred fecal samples were randomly collected from various aged broiler flocks farms, which suffered from diarrhea or respiratory problem or both in Tartous and Latakia Provinces of Syria. This study demonstrated the infection of the broiler flocks with Cryptosporidium in Tartous Province of Syria with a rate of 5.6% only. The results of tests based on morphology and size of Cryptosporidium oocysts showed that the parasite is probably C. baileyi which ranged in size about (6 μm X 4.5 μm).
References used
Abbassi, H., Coudert, F., Dambrine, G., Cherel, Y and Naciri, M. (2000):Effect of Cryptosporidium baileyi in specific pathogen free chickens vaccinated (CVI988/Rispens) and challenged with HPRS-16 strain of Marek's. Avian Pathology, 29: (6), 623-634
Anderson, B. C., (1981):Patterns of shedding of Cryptosporidial oocysts in Indaho calves, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 178,982
Baroudi, D., Khelef, D., Goucem, R., Adjou, K. T., Adamu, H., Zhang, H., Xiao, L.(2013):Common occurrence of zoonotic pathogen Cryptosporidium meleagridis in broiler chickens and turkeys in Algeria. Vet Parasitol. 196 (3-4), 334-340
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This study was made on broiler breeder flocks 1-4 months of age.
According to flock’s data, birds suffered from chronic respiratory
disease, treatment failure, loss of weight and increasing mortality.
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of salmonella in the
bowels of the broiler carcass in poultry slaughterhouses in southern Syrian
governorates. 216 random samples of giblets included liver, spleen, heart and
gizzard) collected
weekly during March and September of 2011 from small
slaughterhouses in southern governorates were incubated in buffered peptone
water, selinite broth, Salmonella-Shigella agar and Hikton agar media. The
suspected colonies were subjected for staining and microscopically
examination. as well as to biochemical tests.
This research aims to assess and study the evolution of broiler breeding in Syrian
Arab Republic in general and in Syrian Coast and Lattakia Governorate particularly, in
period between 2003 – 2012, and account of production costs for all stages of
broiler
breeding according and analyze these costs, and economical evaluation of production
broiler by using some economic indicators, and clarifying the impact of crisis in Syria the
process of broiler breeding and production in Lattakia Governorate, by comparing the
prices and costs befor and after the crisis.The research shows the production efficiency for
table chicken breeding in Lattakia Governorate amounted to /1.85/ in year 2010, and /1.20/
in year 2014, while the economic efficiencyreached /1.72/ in year 2010, and /1.09/ in year
2014, the return of capital period was 1.3 years in 2010, then it became 9.8 years in 2014.
A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was used
to detect infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in the commercial broiler flocks in
Syria. 50 tissue samples were taken from tracheal tissue, trachea and kidney of
the broil
ers suspected of infectious bronchitis (IB) from different governorates
of Syria i.e. Latakia, Tartous, Hama and Damascus countryside. RNA was
extracted directly from the tissue samples and then RNA was converted to cDNA
by RT-PCR technology; PCR reaction and Nested PCR interaction were carried
out sequentially. The primers used in the RT-PCR reaction were selected from
the S1 gene (spike), where mutations of the virus genome were concentrated in
this region (the hypervariable region). Some positive samples (10) were injected
at an age of 9-11 days old SPFEE-specific pathogen free embryonated eggs
according to the methods adopted in virology. This research was carried out at
the laboratories of Latakia Research Center, General Commission for Scientific
Agricultural Research GCSAR, in cooperation with the PCR laboratory at the
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Hama. The results showed the existence of 37
positive case for RT-PCR (74%), and the infectious embryos showed clear and
characteristic anatomical lesions of the infectious bronchitis virus after 5-6 days
post injection, delayed and undeveloped fetal (dwarfism), fingertip entanglement
and hemorrhage compared with the negative control. The results also showed the
sensitivity and speed of the RT-PCR test in the detection of the IBV virus.
This study was carried out on 90 broiler chicks which divided into three groups. The first group has been given 0.75 g/L potassium nitrate and the second group was given 1 g/L potassium nitrate with drinking water for 30 days, While the third group w
as regarded as a control.
The birds were reared in same keeping house and feeded with the same ration without any additives and no vaccinations were applied.
All birds were sacrificed and examined by naked eye. Then the thymus gland was fixed by formalin and stained microscopic sections were examined by microscope.
The histological changes in the birds which dosed by 1 g/L and 0.75 g/L of nitrate were similar and the observed changes were the small size of cortex in some lobules, and the cortex were separated from bulb with increase the number of Hassall bodies in the bulb region, also there were vacuoles and reticular cells in different stages of degeneration and edema in the connective tissues in comparison with control group.
These results confirmed that nitrate had toxic effects on the tissues of thymus, and as a sequence reduced the number of T cells which lead to decrease the resistance and Immune response of the birds and retarded the growth rate.
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