This research aims to introduce a competitive strategy framework for Lattakia Seaport, statistics time series for Lattakia Seaport showed a decrease in ships and TEU numbers over the last five years, on the other hand, the forecast has shown a positi
ve trend despite the relatively low rate of increase, within the current developments, seaport competition in the East Mediterranean escalates, as ports seek to attract more customers and increase market share, a framework of Lattakia port competitive strategy was prepared based on SWOT analysis, the framework incurs a long, medium and short run plan, taking into account that the efficient and effective application of this plan leads to achieving the marketing, operational and financial targets of Lattakia port, recommendations include applying an offensive port strategy aiming to attract more customers and increase the port market share, introducing value added and modern logistic services using EDI and new information technology, moreover to enhance transit trade to the national and regional hinterland
انتشر تطبيق الضريبة على القيمة المضافة خلال العقود الماضية على نطاق واسع لتصبح من أكثر الضرائب انتشاراً في بلدان العالم. و تفضل كثير من الحكومات تطبيق هذه الضريبة نظراً إلى ما هو شائع عن سهولة تحصيلها و وفرة حصيلتها. و تدرس الجهات الضريبية السورية حا
لياً إمكانية اعتماد هذه الضريبة، علماً أن تطبيقها يتطلب وجود بنية تحتية تنظيمية و مؤسسية ضريبية متطورة و وعياً و دقة في البيانات و المعلومات و الاستعلام الضريبي، و جلها ليس متوافراً بالمستوى اللازم في الهيكلية و الإدارة الضريبية السورية، و من ثم فإن تطبيق الضريبة على القيمة المضافة يتطلب مزيداً من التحضير و الواقعية. و من خلال دراسة أسس تطبيق هذه الضريبة و شروطها و تحليل خصائصها و الصعوبات و المعوقات الموجودة على أرض الواقع يتبين أن التطبيق في سورية يحتاج إلى مزيد من الجهود التنظيمية و التشريعية و التحضيرات البنيوية، و أن يتم على عدة مراحل، كما يتطلب اعتماد
عدة معدلات للضريبة لضمان تحقق العدالة الضريبية و الاجتماعية، و أن يكون التطبيق في إطار سياسة مالية اقتصادية اجتماعية محكمة لكي لا ينعكس سلباً على الفقراء و أصحاب الدخل المحدود.
The research aims at investigating the reality of investment of the cultivation of
citrus in Syria during 2007-2011. The study showed that the citrus market in Syria needs to
be organized, and that there is a necessity for having an independent org
anization such as
(Citrus Growers Union) to be responsible, in cooperation with the relevant authorities, for
monitoring the production and marketing of citrus. The study also showed that the
specifications of full market competition apply to the citrus market in Syria, and that there
is a fluctuation in the value of flexibility of supply and demand which indicates the
presence of factors other than the price which affect the supply and demand. The study also
showed a marketing gap which was negative, this led to flooding the market with citrus
reaching (-247.4 thousand tons) in 2007. The investment in citrus achieved a positive
added-value which helped support the gross domestic product (GDP) in Syria, reaching (25
billion Syrian pounds) in 2011.The citrus sector also contributed in creating a balance of
payments; outflows of citrus reaching $140 million.
This research aims to shed light on the concept of value-added manufacturing
and development strategy in Syria, in addition to the study of the relationship between
the value-added manufacturing and the development of manufacturing industries in
S
yria during the period 2001-2010, using simple regression, where it was the most
important results that have been reached to:
show a effect most of the manufacturing industries in terms of value added in
manufacturing and development of the most influential is the wood industry
There were no statistically significant differences between the value-added
industries relationship (chemicals) and total manufacturing output
It has been reached following recommendations:
the need to give due importance to the value added in subsequent studies because of
their developmental index and guide the development sector at the expense of other sectors
Focus on chemical industries, basic metals, which showed no significant
differences in the impact of the added values in the resulting weakness thus contributing to
the development.
This research aimed to identify the value added and marketing efficiency of Syrian
sheep milk which it utilized in livestock products. The central region of Syria (Homs
and Hama) was selected, it has a comparative advantages of processing sheep mil
k
products, according to a questionnaire of sheep owners sample. The questionnaire
depended upon the type of breeding (resident, semi-nomadic and nomadic) in 2011.
This study aimed to determine the reality of scientific research in Syria compared to Arab Countries, and some developed countries, by comparing the proportion of expenditure on research and development of local output, the number of researchers and
technicians working in research and development, the number of research articles published in international journals, the number of Syrian researchers registered in the Google Scholar search engine, the number of citations to their researches, the number of researches published in Tishreen University, in addition to the number of researches registered and completed for postgraduate students at Tishreen University during the period 2008-2018, the number of Syrian researchers registered in the Researchgate research site, as well as the number of applications for patents for accreditation in the Arab Countries, the value of exports of high technology and the proportion of those exports of transformative exports; and determine the components of scientific research to be available to create added value to the Syrian Universities.
The researcher adopted the survey methodology and distributed the questionnaire to 289 members of the teaching staff at Tishreen University.
The most important result of the study was that, the participation of the Syrian Universities in attracting talent, participation in local, Arab and international conferences, seminars and workshops, providing research labs, modern computers, participation in search engines, research sites, databases and financing of external publications are effective Foundations for creating added value.
Then, some recommendations were presented that would contribute to the creation of added value, the most important of which are: increasing the percentage of expenditure on scientific research, employing researchers, encouraging researchers to publish in international journals, establishing cooperation relations with local, Arab and international research organizations and developing them.
