The history of Swaida city in several civilizations was clear through architecture as if it formed a mixture of them all. Each culture had its own way of dealing with the environmental conditions, combining these design strategies accumulatively resu
lted in a rich architecture that deals with the environment in a very systematic way. On the other hand, the construction strategies dealt with a lot of limitation such as the lack of resources and experiences which were not available during those periods.
This report describes the historical and climatical characteristics that Swaida city has, and reviews some design strategies that used to respond to climate challenges.
العمارة
architecture
المفاهيم العمرانية في العمارة المحلية
التغيرات المناخية
climate changes
البازلت
Basalt
المناخ
Climate
محافظة السويداء
السويداء
الحجر البازلتي
Basalt stones
Swaida
Suwaida
As-Suwayda
building design
تصميم المباني
فيزياء المباني
building physics
العمارة في السويداء
architecture in Swaida
المزيد..
The study of the effect of the common addition of Syrian Clay
and magnesium oxides on the specifications of the resulting
cement stone and specifically its effect on the elasticity of the
resulting stone.
Solar energy being one of the most promising alternatives, this
because of its availability and low cost compared to other energies.
The device that uses solar energy to desalinate saline water is called
the solar still. The problem at the solar s
till is reflected in its low
efficiency, with the aim of raising it. This research presents a
theoretical and experimental study for single-slope and single-basin
solar stills.
Experiments Has been made on lime mortar which have a weak
resistance so we added materials like pozolan, and bricks to
improve the mechanical properties of the mixture, as we added
fiberglass to the mix, and study their effect on the mechanical
properties of mortar, also experiments has been made on natural
limestone which used in the construction, experiments on samples
of mural prismatic composed of stone and mortar to see pressure
strength of mural samples, and mural samples subjected to
curvature to determine tensile strength of stone walls with
limestone mortar reinforced with fiber glass.
We observed increase in the mural samples tensile strength about
73% when we added a small amount of fiber glass doesn't exceed
2% of the proportion of the existing lime in the mixture, which
shows the effective improvement in the mortar extracted
specifications.
Restoration of ancient structures is an important part of
reconstruction process which will be witnessed by our country, the
aim of this research is to improve a local manufacturers lime mortar.
According to the Syrian standard 3411 & European standard EN 197-1, Portland
pozzolana cements and Portland limestone cements can be produced by partial replacement
of pozzolan or limestone up to 35%. Despite of the economical, ecological and techn
ical
benefits of adding natural pozzolan and limestone powder, they are often associated with
shortcomings.
The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of adding natural pozzolan,
limestone powder or both on the mechanical strength development of the prepared cement
mortars. In the study, sixteen types of binders (one OPC, six binary and nine ternary
blended cements) with different replacement levels of natural pozzolan, limestone powder
or both have been produced. The development of the compressive and flexural tensile
strength of all mortar specimens has been investigated after 2,7,28 & 90 days curing,
respectively.
Test results revealed that there was a decrease in strength with increasing amounts of
natural pozzolan. In addition, there was found an increase in the early age strength with
adding limestone powder. The increase in compressive strength when adding both natural
pozzolan and limestone powder has also been noted. Further, based on the results obtained,
an empirical equation was derived to predict the mechanical strengths of binary & ternary
blended cement mortars with curing times. The influence of adding natural pozzolan,
limestone powder or both on some physical properties of binary and ternary blended
cements have been reported, as well.
In addition to the aesthetic role of buildings' façade stone coverage, there are many expected issues of this process notably identity and environmental friendly.
This process is often used superficially and inappropriately in many cases it has been
used for marketing purposes, sometimes resulting in an abuse of the goals and the process which was created for and deteriorated badly even the local identity of the city. Unfortunately, many of the architects were involved in the abuse. Hence the research finds the need to identify ways to use the texture in design and implementation processes, methods and the success of the use of stone environmentally, its success and the reasons for its failure to address the problems in Lattakia city, through knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of stone and methods.
The importance of these scientific research because it is the first
applicated study in Kasab area ,and becomes from the big needing
of materials , which interior in cement industry .So the attention
had directed toward finding alternative locatio
ns for primacy ore
addition to process reconstruction the ancient mine, as a result of
these scientific research we had made a stratigraphical ,geological,
geochemical detailed studies on samples had taken from the Kasab
area, which show that calc rocks, and marl rocks in these area are
duplicated to the standard specifications,which request for
Portland cement industry . where we had definite the new five
reservoirs in the area. From the geochemical analyzes of studded
samples, and geochemical diagram's ,We can say that limestone
samples riches in clay materials need to correct before to use in
cement industry.
