This study is attempting to point out to the difficulties frustrating the
human development in both intellectual and practical fields. To do
this, this study will attempt to explore the main negative reflections
of the IMF recipes in the human alt
ernatives on one hand, and to
discover the main difficulties faced by the practical trends to apply
the human development pattern as aimed by the UNDP.
This research aims to shed light on the reality of professional
accounting education program in technological institutes for
Banking and Financial Sciences in the Syrian Arab Republic,
through the studying the new study plan of the Department of
Accounting at the technological institutes for Banking and Financial
Sciences, which was adopted from the academic year 2016-2017.
Resources of marine environment are suffering from over-exploitation by Flags of
Convenience vessels; which refer to vessels registered in foreign countries known as Open
Registry countries. These countries usually do not fulfill the obligations in
cumbent upon
them as flag states towards the vessels flying their flags, in an attempt to attract more
registries. They, inter alia, adopt loose enforcement measures against illegal activities by
their vessels, and do not monitor the working conditions on board those vessels.
This situation is of a bad effect on both marine environment and worker’s rights on
board flag of convenience vessels. Therefore, it is important to cast light on the
mechanisms included in the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention 1982 regarding
this problem, and to assess their effectiveness.
The call for the amendment and reform of the international system which established
the United Nations has become an urgent demand of the Member States through a new set
of international legal norms to overcome the stalemate and paralysis in the Un
ited Nations
bodies and through activating the founding charter of the organization, which has been
defunct for more than half a century, the thing that negatively affected the role of these
bodies and lead to its failure in keeping international peace and security due to the control
exercised by the superpowers on the international system and the decisions taken by the
organization, especially in the Security Council.
Based on the above, we will study the reality and the future of the United Nations in
the light of the changes offered by the international system and how the organization can
respond and adapt to these changes and keep up to the challenges ahead of it and be in the
level of expectations of the international community, according to the statements in its
Constitution.
The state consists of three main elements: The human element (people), the physical
component (the region) and regulatory element (authority).
The territory of state consists of the provincial land air region and maritime territory
if thestate and
the maritime territory is no longer specified with inlandwater but new
dimentions are included which were not known before the signing the agreement of the
UN convention on the law of sea in 1982 such as the exclusive economic zone and the
continental shelf which extended about 200 mile from the base lines. Until the moment,
most countries did not delimite their marine border completely, but creating new mrine
areas in the convention requires to playback' delimitation.
According to sensitivity of the case of delimitation which related to the vital and
national interests of the state, the successive conferences tried to put permanent
international rules which control the identification of different marine fields which had a
great influence on keeping global peace and security.
What the new agreement did which was the right constitution of the sea because it
laid down all the rules and principles relating to the sea.
We will shed light on legal methods which established by the agreement of
delimitation of the marine borders in various marine fields among the opposite and a
djiaeant states in the addition to other international conventions and resolution of
international justice.
The unification of legal rules of the international trade has been achieved by
different means. The academics and the concerned people have been very actives in
introducing some legal and practical propositions to unify the rule of international
t
rade. The different proposition of the academics transferred to became
international or regional treaties, international customs and practices and / or model
contracts issued by international organizations (such as the Unified Rule for
Documentary Credit that were issued by International Chamber of Commerce and
the Joint "Venture" model agreement the was issued by (UNCITRA).
يعد التزام البائع بتسليم الشيء المبيع الالتزام الأكثر أهمية من بين التزاماته الأخرى، هذا الالتزام و تطبيقاته المتعددة منصوص عليه في المواد من 30 حتى نهاية 35 من اتفاقية فيينا للبيع الدولي للمنقولات العينية. أما النظام القانوني المطبق على البائع في حا
ل إخلاله بتنفيذ التزاماته بتسليم المبيع محدد في المواد من 45 حتى نهاية 52 . في حين أن المادة 30 ذكرت التزامين للبائع و هما
الالتزام بتسليم الشيء المبيع و الالتزام بتسليم المستندات. و لكن هذا لا يمنع أن يكون للبائع التزامات أخرى تتفرع عن الالتزام بالتسليم، كالتزامه بنقل البضائع و التأمين عليها و غيرها من المسائل الفرعية المتعلقة بالتسليم.
أما بالنسبة إلى المشتري فقد منحته الاتفاقية الوسائل من أجل المطالبة بحقوقه في حال إخلال البائع بتنفيذ التزامه بالتسليم؛ إذ بإمكانه اللجوء إلى طريق الفسخ في الحالة التي يشكل فيها إخلال البائع بالتسليم مخالفة جوهرية، أو سلوك طريق التنفيذ العيني و إصلاح العيب و استبدال البضاعة، أو
اللجوء أخيراً إلى إنقاص الثمن.
دور البرنامج الإنمائي للأمم المتحدة في الإصلاح الإداري في سوريا: تم أخذ عينة مكونة من مائة وخمسين مفردة من القيادات في المستويات الإدارية والعليا والإشرافية
هدف هذا البحث إلى إلقاء الضوء على دور منظمة الأمم المتحدة في بناء السلام، فبدأ بتعريف مفهوم بناء السلام و بيان المتغيرات الدولية التي أدت إلى ظهوره و النقاط الرئيسية التي تميز بينه و بين بعض المفاهيم المشابهة له و التي ترتبط بالسلم و الأمن الدوليين،
لينتقل بعد ذلك إلى تحديد نطاق تطبيق ترتيبات بناء السلام، سواء النطاق الزمني أم النطاق الموضوعي، لينتهي بعد ذلك إلى التعريف بأجهزة الأمم المتحدة الفرعية التي نشأت لتمارس من خلالها هذه المهمة و بيان طبيعة دور الأمم المتحدة في ميدان بناء السلام.
تعد محكمة العدل الدولية الأداة القضائية لمنظمة الأمم المتحدة. و تلجأ عادة الدول إلى هذه المحكمة لفض النزاعات فيما بينها، كما يمكن لهيئات الأمم المتحدة، و وكالاتها المتخصصة، أن تتقدم إليها بطلب آراء استشارية. و ينظر إلى قضاة هذه المحكمة، و عددهم 15 قا
ضياً، على أنهم من كبار القانونيين و المتخصصين في القانون الدولي و العلاقات الدولية.
