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Register a new userتأثير التقسية الملحية للبذور والري المتناوب بمياه الصرف الزراعي في مدى استجابة الخيار للإجهاد الملحي
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جامعة الفرات رسالة ماجستير
Publication date
2011
fields
Agricultural Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
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تأثير التقسية الملحية للبذور والري المتناوب بمياه الصرف الزراعي في مدى استجابة الخيار للإجهاد الملحي
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References used
حسن أحمد عبد المنعم 1995 - الأساس الفيزيولوجي للتحسين الوراثي في النباتات المكتبة الأكاديمية , جامعة القاهرة
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In order to study the effect of prime treatment (salt hardening) on maize seeds
(variety Ghouta 82) and type of irrigation water on the plant response to salt stress through
the effect on the productivity and the plant tissue contents Cl, Na and K.
Maize seeds were
soaked in Euphrates fresh water (EC:1.03 dS.m-1), or in agricultural drainage water (EC:
5.89 dS.m-1) for (12) hours, the seeds therefore were dried and planted in plots of (15 m2)
for each replicate and then irrigated with four different types of water; (100 % Euphrates
water, 50% Euph. water + 50% agri. drain. water, 33 % Euph. water + 67 % agri. drain.
water, and 100% agri. drain. water) during the growing season. K, Na, and Cl in plants
were determinated, 1000 grains weight, and grain yield production were estimated in kg.h-1
for each replicate and treatment.
The results showed that, it is possible to have 3 tons of grain / hectare by irrigation
with agricultural drainage water, which is acceptable, under semi-arid conditions. Salt
hardening of maize seeds increased seed yield by (32.80%), which is considered
satisfactory under the experimental conditions.
This investigation is a mimesis to what usually happens in nature, where the
plants are normally exposed to sublethal environmental stresses before their
exposure to the lethal level of stresses.
The gradual increase of environmental stress, gives
plants a suffficient time
to prepare their defensive means to withstand the lethal level of stress. In order
to develope a suitable screening technique, it was essential to determine the
induction as well as the lethal levels of stress, as important components of such
proposed tool.
This technique was applied to screen some tomato genotypes, and assess the
genetic variability among them, in order to evaluate their salinity stress
response , and selecting the highly salt tolerant types.
This study was conducted at Abo Jarash farm, Faculty of Agriculture,
Damascus University In order to determine the response of three local varieties
of potato (Sponta, Draja, Diamont) to salinity stress with different
concentration of NaCl solutio
n (0,50, 100, 150, 200 mM). The results indicated
that the existence of a inverse correlation between increased concentrations of
salts in the solution and the rate of plant height, leaf area, and the percentage of
leaf dry weight, and the proportion K+/ Na+., and the productivity was declined
with a proportional rate 22< 32, and 48% for the varieties of Sponta, Draja,
Diamont, respectively. Results indicated the existence of reverse relationship
between increasing salt concentration in the medium and plant height, Leaf
area, dry weight of the leaves and K+/Na+ ration in addition to the decline in the
productivity of studied varieties. The results also showed variations in the
extent of tolerance between studied varieties to salinity stress where Sponta
was the most tolerant, followed by Draja and Diamont was the less tolerant and
this was reflected in terms of higher germination and increasing the mean of
plant height, Leaf area and dry weight of plant.
A field experiment was carried out at Abi Jarash farm at the Faculty of Agriculture at Damascus University during the 2011-2012 agricultural season in order to study the effect of seed hardening and supplementary irrigation in improving the tolerance of faba bean (vicia faba L.) varieties to water stress.
Marfona cultivar were chemical mutagen using 20, 30 and 40 mM of Ethyl Methane
Sulphonate (EMS) for 2, 3, 4 hrs in 2013. was conducted to improve potato (Solanum
tuberosum L.) tolerance to salinity. Plants Marfona mutagen from M5 and unmutagen were
cultured with Spunta and Falouka Cvs in 2015. Plants were later subjected to another
selection pressure, by irrigating them using water containing Nacl between 0-200 mM The
results showed that the gradual increase in Nacl concentrations caused a significant gradual
decreases in most vegetative, yield and its component characteristics. Mutant plants varied
with unmutant for Marfona, Spunta and Falouka in plant height varied from 68 to 41 cm
and number leaves varied from 21 to 12 leaf. and stem diameter varied from 1.349 to 0.370
cm and leaf area varied from 235 to 84 cm2. However, produced tubers number varied
from 9.3 to 2.8 and weight them from 740 to 155 grams and tuber weight from 75.2 to 24.6
grams.
The results also showed variations in the extent of tolerance between studied
treatments to salinity stress where 4T3P2 treatment was the most tolerant.
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