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Register a new userPhysiological study of salinity stress in some potato varieties(Solanumtuberosum)
دراسة مدى تحمل بعض أصناف البطاطا tuberosum Solanum المزروعة محلياً للإجهاد الملحي
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2012
fields
Groves
and research's language is
العربية
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درستْ استجابة ثلاثة أصناف من البطاطا: سبونتا و دراجا و ديامونت للإجهاد الملحي بتراكيز ملحيـة مختلفة من محلول NaCl 0-50-100-150-Mm200. و أشارت النتائج إلى وجـود علاقـة ارتبـاط عكسية بين ازدياد تراكيز الأملاح في الوسط و بين معدل طول النبات، و المساحة الورقية، و بـين نـسبة الوزن الجاف للأوراق، و نسبة +Na+/K . و بينت النتائج بان هناك تباين في مدى تحمل هذه الأصـناف للإجهاد الملحي حيث كان الصنف سبونتا أكثر تحملاً يليه دراجا ثم ديامونت الذي كان أقل تحمـلاً. و قـد تبين ذلك بارتفاع نسبة الإنبات و الزيادة في متوسط الطول و المساحة الورقية و الـوزن الجـاف للنبـات مقارنة بباقي الأصناف، علماً أن هذه المؤشرات تناسبت عكسياً مع التركيز ضمن الصنف الواحد.
This study was conducted at Abo Jarash farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University In order to determine the response of three local varieties of potato (Sponta, Draja, Diamont) to salinity stress with different concentration of NaCl solution (0,50, 100, 150, 200 mM). The results indicated that the existence of a inverse correlation between increased concentrations of salts in the solution and the rate of plant height, leaf area, and the percentage of leaf dry weight, and the proportion K+/ Na+., and the productivity was declined with a proportional rate 22< 32, and 48% for the varieties of Sponta, Draja, Diamont, respectively. Results indicated the existence of reverse relationship between increasing salt concentration in the medium and plant height, Leaf area, dry weight of the leaves and K+/Na+ ration in addition to the decline in the productivity of studied varieties. The results also showed variations in the extent of tolerance between studied varieties to salinity stress where Sponta was the most tolerant, followed by Draja and Diamont was the less tolerant and this was reflected in terms of higher germination and increasing the mean of plant height, Leaf area and dry weight of plant.
References used
AZevedo, B. and F. Ashraf. 2009. Effects of salt stress on growth mineral and praline Accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in potata(Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars differing in salinity tolerance, Plant Growth Regul. 19: 207-218
Bohnert, B., Shen. and M. Bray. 2001. Mineral nutrition of higher plants, Academic press, London
Chaerle, L. 2005. leaf anatomical characteristics associated with shot hydraulic conductance, stomatal conductance and stomatal sensitivity to changes of leaf water status in temperate trees. J. Plant Physiol. 28:765-774
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Marfona cultivar were chemical mutagen using 20, 30 and 40 mM of Ethyl Methane
Sulphonate (EMS) for 2, 3, 4 hrs in 2013. was conducted to improve potato (Solanum
tuberosum L.) tolerance to salinity. Plants Marfona mutagen from M5 and unmutagen were
cultured with Spunta and Falouka Cvs in 2015. Plants were later subjected to another
selection pressure, by irrigating them using water containing Nacl between 0-200 mM The
results showed that the gradual increase in Nacl concentrations caused a significant gradual
decreases in most vegetative, yield and its component characteristics. Mutant plants varied
with unmutant for Marfona, Spunta and Falouka in plant height varied from 68 to 41 cm
and number leaves varied from 21 to 12 leaf. and stem diameter varied from 1.349 to 0.370
cm and leaf area varied from 235 to 84 cm2. However, produced tubers number varied
from 9.3 to 2.8 and weight them from 740 to 155 grams and tuber weight from 75.2 to 24.6
grams.
The results also showed variations in the extent of tolerance between studied
treatments to salinity stress where 4T3P2 treatment was the most tolerant.
Nineteen locally selected potato lines were screened for water stress
tolerance by measuring the growth parameters in vitro. The stress was achieved
by adding 4% of sorbitol to the growth medium. Plant height and diameter,
leaf area, number, lengt
h and diameter of roots and plant fresh and dry weight
were measured. The results showed a difference in the response of the studied
lines to water stress, cluster analysis, based on the sum of all growth
parameters relative values of the lines showed that the lines were divided into
three groups according to water stress tolerance: The tolerant group, the
moderate tolerant group and the sensitive group. The results indicated the
possibility to use the in vitro method to screen the potato lines for water stress
tolerance.
Several laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of
ten ACSAD durum and bread wheat landraces to salinity stress tolerance at
seedling stage. The salinity induction response technique was applied to assess
the genetic variabi
lity, and the effect of induction nature in improving the
tolerance to lethal levels of some abiotic stresses (drought and salinity). The
applied screening tool was rapid and efficient in assessing the genetic
variability for the response of studied durum and bread wheat landraces to
salinity stress tolerance.
Experiments were conducted to study effect of radiation and salt levels on plant
regeneration from callus for two cultivars of potato i.e. Riviera and Burren, under
in vitro condition. Results showed that the efficiency of radiation in induced
reg
eneration from callus in Riviera cultivar at salt level of (10 dS m-1) and Burren
cultivar at salt levels (8, 12 dS m-1). For the purpose of making sure inheritance
of salinity tolerant, mutant clones (plants induced from salt tolerant calli, which
planted at salt levels of 8, 10, 12 dS m-1 and plants induced from non salt tolerant
calli, which planted at salt level of 6 dS m-1) and their parental cultivars (Riviera
and Burren) by exposing to salt stress conditions and comparing them with control
(6 dS m-1). Results revealed that the lowest percentage of reduction in plant height,
number of nods per plant and tuberization were observed in salt tolerant mutants.
Plant height and number of nodes/plant can be considered as selective morphological
markers for in vitro salt tolerance .
The research was conducted on some olive
varieties known as Alsourani- Aldan- Mahazm Abu Satel- Alglet-
Alnepali, in the aim of comparing their tolerance against the stress
of salinity (sodium chloride) through some morphological and
physiological traits. Different concentrations of salt as well as to
the control (fresh water) were used in this experiment.
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