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Damascus University رسالة ماجستير
Publication date
2016
fields
Agricultural Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
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نفذ البحث في مزرعة أبي جرش التابعة لكلية الزراعة دمشق خلال الموسمين الزراعين (2012-2013) و ( 2013 - 2014)
No English abstract
References used
عبد الحميد إبراهيم 2008 رئيس معهد بحوث تكنولوجيا الأغذية جمهورية مصر العربية
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The research was conducted on some olive
varieties known as Alsourani- Aldan- Mahazm Abu Satel- Alglet-
Alnepali, in the aim of comparing their tolerance against the stress
of salinity (sodium chloride) through some morphological and
physiological traits. Different concentrations of salt as well as to
the control (fresh water) were used in this experiment.
Despite being one of the reasons of production decline, salinity is still a tool
to improve production quality in some hybrids. this research was conducted at
the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus during 2012 season. A salt
stress was
applied on two tomato hybrids, Bonaparte and Marmara by
increasing the value of the electrical conductivity of irrigating water from 4 to
13 ds / m, at the stage of the third true leaf to the end of growth of the two
tomato plants.
Results indicated that salt stress led to a reduction in the fruit weight of
both hybrids but it helped in improving some chemical and physical
characteristics relating to fruit quality, such as increasing the fruit content of
soluble solids in both hybrids. Salt stress did not affect the lycopene content of
fruits in Bonapart, but it was increased by 2 folds inMarmara. Some fruit color
indices (a* and b*) were greater in Bonaparte while L* indice was higher in
Marmara. However, the color indices of fruits were not affected by salinity in
both hybrids studied.
This investigation is a mimesis to what usually happens in nature, where the
plants are normally exposed to sublethal environmental stresses before their
exposure to the lethal level of stresses.
The gradual increase of environmental stress, gives
plants a suffficient time
to prepare their defensive means to withstand the lethal level of stress. In order
to develope a suitable screening technique, it was essential to determine the
induction as well as the lethal levels of stress, as important components of such
proposed tool.
This technique was applied to screen some tomato genotypes, and assess the
genetic variability among them, in order to evaluate their salinity stress
response , and selecting the highly salt tolerant types.
In order to study the effect of prime treatment (salt hardening) on maize seeds
(variety Ghouta 82) and type of irrigation water on the plant response to salt stress through
the effect on the productivity and the plant tissue contents Cl, Na and K.
Maize seeds were
soaked in Euphrates fresh water (EC:1.03 dS.m-1), or in agricultural drainage water (EC:
5.89 dS.m-1) for (12) hours, the seeds therefore were dried and planted in plots of (15 m2)
for each replicate and then irrigated with four different types of water; (100 % Euphrates
water, 50% Euph. water + 50% agri. drain. water, 33 % Euph. water + 67 % agri. drain.
water, and 100% agri. drain. water) during the growing season. K, Na, and Cl in plants
were determinated, 1000 grains weight, and grain yield production were estimated in kg.h-1
for each replicate and treatment.
The results showed that, it is possible to have 3 tons of grain / hectare by irrigation
with agricultural drainage water, which is acceptable, under semi-arid conditions. Salt
hardening of maize seeds increased seed yield by (32.80%), which is considered
satisfactory under the experimental conditions.
A laboratory experiment was conducted during 2002-003. The purpose was
to develop an effective and rapid screening tool to assess the genetic variability
for the response of some local barley varieties to polyethylene glycol- induced
osmotic stres
s at early growth stage. Also this will help to evaluate the relevance
of pre-exposure of barley seedlings to sub-lethal (induction) levels of osmotic
stress. This might enhance the capacity of seedlings to tolerate the lethal levels
of stress.
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