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Using The Olive Trees Bark and Lichens as Bioindicators to Assess Air Pollution produced of Tartous Cement Factory

استخدام قلف أشجار الزيتون و الشيبيات كدلائل حيوية لتقييم التلوث الجوي الناتج عن معمل أسمنت طرطوس

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 Publication date 2017
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This research was aimed to assess the pollution from Tartous Cement Factory of some heavy metal by using of the bark of olive trees and Lichens as Bio-indicators. The olive trees was chosen as that predominant vegetation type in the study area. Bark samples of olive trees and the lichens were collected from several villages surrounding the Cement Factory at different distances (1-2-3-4-5-6-7) km from the center of the Cement Factory in the eastern and north-eastern region of the Cement plant (where the prevailing winds in the region is western and southern Western). The results showed that the concentration of heavy elements in the bark of olive trees and lichens (ppm) take the same trend even thought there are differences in concentration between them by the overall average for all sites was as follows: iron > manganese > copper > lead. We note the high concentration of iron in bark of olive trees compared to lichens, but the rest of the elements it was statistically identical. The results also showed a significant correlation between the concentrations of manganese element in each of the bark and Lichens, and the existence of a negative correlation between the concentration of manganese and distance for both Lichens and bark. Concerning the altitude above sea level the results showed existence of significant and negative correlation with all of Iron, Manganese and Lead in Lichens.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم التلوث الناتج عن معمل أسمنت طرطوس باستخدام قلف أشجار الزيتون والشيبيات كدلائل حيوية. تم جمع عينات من قلف أشجار الزيتون والشيبيات من عدة قرى محيطة بالمعمل وعلى مسافات مختلفة. أظهرت النتائج أن تركيز العناصر الثقيلة (الحديد، المنغنيز، النحاس، الرصاص) في القلف والشيبيات يتبع نفس الاتجاه بغض النظر عن الاختلاف في التركيز. كان تركيز الحديد أعلى في قلف أشجار الزيتون مقارنة بالشيبيات، بينما كانت بقية العناصر متماثلة إحصائيًا. كما أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباط معنوية بين تراكيز المنغنيز في القلف والشيبيات، وعلاقة ارتباط سلبية بين تركيز المنغنيز والمسافة. بالنسبة للارتفاع عن سطح البحر، كانت هناك علاقة ارتباط سالبة ومعنوية مع الحديد والمنغنيز والرصاص في الشيبيات. توصي الدراسة بزيادة عدد الفلاتر في المعمل وصيانتها بشكل دوري، وإجراء قياسات دورية للملوثات الغازية والصلبة، ودراسة شاملة للمناطق المحيطة بالمعمل، وتشجيع استخدام الدلائل الحيوية النباتية كاستراتيجية فعالة في كشف وتقدير العناصر المعدنية.
Critical review
تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة جدًا في مجال تقييم التلوث البيئي باستخدام الدلائل الحيوية النباتية. ومع ذلك، هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الأفضل توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل مناطق أخرى حول المعمل للحصول على صورة أكثر شمولية عن التلوث. ثانيًا، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى تأثير الفلاتر الجديدة التي تم تركيبها في المعمل منذ عام 2009 على تقليل التلوث. ثالثًا، كان من الممكن استخدام تقنيات تحليلية أكثر تقدمًا للحصول على نتائج أكثر دقة. وأخيرًا، يجب أن تتضمن الدراسة توصيات أكثر تحديدًا حول كيفية تقليل التلوث وتأثيره على البيئة المحيطة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي العناصر الثقيلة التي تم قياسها في هذه الدراسة؟

    تم قياس تركيز الحديد، المنغنيز، النحاس، والرصاص في قلف أشجار الزيتون والشيبيات.

  2. ما هي العلاقة بين تركيز المنغنيز والمسافة عن المعمل؟

    أظهرت الدراسة وجود علاقة ارتباط سلبية بين تركيز المنغنيز والمسافة عن المعمل، حيث ينخفض تركيز المنغنيز كلما زادت المسافة عن المعمل.

  3. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة لتقليل التلوث الناتج عن معمل أسمنت طرطوس؟

    توصي الدراسة بزيادة عدد الفلاتر في المعمل وصيانتها بشكل دوري، وإجراء قياسات دورية للملوثات الغازية والصلبة، وإجراء دراسة شاملة للمناطق المحيطة بالمعمل، وتشجيع استخدام الدلائل الحيوية النباتية كاستراتيجية فعالة في كشف وتقدير العناصر المعدنية.

  4. ما هو الفرق بين تركيز الحديد في قلف أشجار الزيتون والشيبيات؟

    كان تركيز الحديد أعلى في قلف أشجار الزيتون مقارنة بالشيبيات، بينما كانت بقية العناصر متماثلة إحصائيًا.


References used
ADDO, M.A.؛ DARKO, E.O. ؛ GORDON, C. ؛ NYARKO, B.J.B. Heavy metal contaminations in soil and cassava harvested near a cement processing facility in the Volta Region, Ghana: Implications of health risk for the population living in the vicinity. e- Journal of Science & Technology (e-JST). 2013, 71-83
ADRIANO, D.C. Trace Elements in Terrestrial Environment. Springer-Verlag, New York Inc. 1986, 533 p
ALLEN, S.E. Chemical analysis of ecological materials. 2nd ed. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.1989, 368 p
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