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Register a new userThe Motives and Challenges of Applying the Basel II Accord in Operating Conventional Banks in Syria
دوافع و تحديات تطبيق اتفاقية بازل2 في المصارف التقليدية العاملة في سورية
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يهدف هذا البحث إلى إلقاء الضوء على دوافع و تحديات تطبيق اتفاقية بازل2 في المصارف التقليدية العاملة في سورية. لتحقيق هذا الهدف, قام الباحثان باستخدام منهجية المسح, حيث تم جمع البيانات باستخدام الاستبانة ثم تحليلها من خلال تطبيق مجموعة من الأساليب الإحصائية باستخدام برنامج SPSS. أظهرت النتائج أن المصارف العاملة في سورية تقوم بتطبيق اتفاقية بازل 2 استجابة لمتطلبات رقابية و دولية. فيما يتعلق بتحديات تطبيق الاتفاقية, تواجه هذه المصارف تحديات مرتبطة بتطبيق المحور الأول (المتطلبات الدنيا لرأس المال), حيث لا تملك بيانات تاريخية شاملة يمكن الاعتماد عليها لقياس المخاطر الائتمانية و التشغيلية و السوقية. يضاف إلى ذلك أنها غير حاصلة على تصنيف ائتماني دولي. كما توجد تحديات مرتبطة بتطبيق المحور الثاني (المراجعة الرقابية) تتعلق بشكل خاص بقلة عدد الكوادر العاملة في مجال الرقابة المصرفية, بالإضافة إلى التحديات المتعلقة بالظروف السياسية و الأوضاع الاقتصادية السائدة. و أخيراً, أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة عكسية بين واقع تطبيق بازل2 في المصارف التقليدية العاملة في سورية و بين كل من التحديات المرتبطة بتطبيق المحاور الثلاثة للاتفاقية و تلك المرتبطة بالظروف السياسية و الاقتصادية. كما توجد علاقة عكسية بين واقع التطبيق و التحديات المرتبطة بالموارد المادية و البشرية في المصارف العامة فقط.
This research aims to shed light on the motives and the challenges of the application of Basel II in banks operating in Syria. To achieve this goal, the researcher used the survey methodology, where the data was collected using a questionnaire and then analyzed by applying a set of statistical methods using the SPSS program. The results revealed that the banks operating in Syria are applying the Basel II Accord in response to regulatory and international requirement. With respect to the challenges of the application of the Accord, these banks face the challenges associated with the application of the first pillar (minimum capital requirements), as these banks do not have comprehensive historical data that can be relied on to measure credit, operational and market risks. In addition to the fact that they do not hold any international credit rating. There are also challenges associated with applying the second pillar (supervisory review), particularly related to the low number of workingstaff in the field of banking supervision, in addition to the challenges of the political circumstances and the prevailing economic conditions. Finally, the results showed an inverse relationship between the reality of the Basel II application in conventional banks operating in Syria and between each of the challenges associated with implementing the three pillars of the Accord and those associated with political and economic conditions. There is also an inverse relationship between the reality of the implementation and the challenges associated with the material and human resources merely in public banks.
References used
COOPER,R;SCHINDLER,S. Business research methods. 11th, Mc Graw Hill, United States,2009,781
(CORNFORD,A. The Global Implementation of Basel II: Prospects and Outstanding Problems. Research Fellow, Financial Markets Center. (2006
(GOTTSCHALK, R. Basel II implementation in developing countries and effects on SME development. Domestic Financial Sector Development’, was held in New Delhi, 22-23 November. (2007
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