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Register a new userThe effect of potassium and organic manure on some of the qualitative properties of Starking delicious apple cultivar and some soil characters
تأثير التسميد بالبوتاسيوم و المادة العضوية في النمو و الصفات النوعية لثمار التفاح صنف ستاركنغ ديلشس (Starking Delicious) و بعض خصائص التربة في محافظة السويداء
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نفذ البحث في مركز البحوث العلمية في السويداء بهدف دراسة تأثير إضافة البوتاسيوم و المادة العضوية في بعض خصائص التربة و بعض الصفات النوعية لثمار التفاح صنف ستاركنغ ديلشس. أظهرت نتائج تحليل التباين في الأفق (0 – 30 سم) تأثير معنوي في خفض درجة (pH) التربة لمعاملات إضافة كبريتات البوتاسيوم و المادة العضوية و إضافتهما معاً (6.608) و (6.708) و (6.558) على الترتيب بالمقارنة مع الشاهد (6.768)، كما بينت فروق معنوية في الـ (EC) بين المعاملات السابق ذكرها (ds/m0.1532) و (ds/m 0.1692) و (ds/m 0.0937) بالمقارنة مع الشاهد (ds/m 0.2217)، و بينت النتائج زيادة معنوية في طول الطرود في المعاملات السابقة (66.43سم) و (77.33 سم) و (71.37 سم) على الترتيب مقارنة بالشاهد (59.37 سم)، في حين أظهرت زيادة معنوية في مساحة الأوراق في معاملتي إضافة المادة العضوية و كبريتات البوتاسيوم و المادة العضوية معا (35.54سم2) و (37.21 سم2) على الترتيب مقارنة بالشاهد (30.54 سم2). كما بينت نتائج تحليل التباين تفوق معاملة البوتاسيوم في صلابة الثمار التي بلغت (8.477 كغ / سم2) على كافة المعاملات. و كانت الزيادة معنوية في النسبة المئوية للمواد الصلبة الذائبة في المعاملات الثلاث (16.82%) و (15.2%) و (15.37%) بالمقارنة مع الشاهد (14.23%)، و زيادة معنوية في نسبة السكريات الكلية و النسبة المئوية للحموضة. و بالنتيجة تبين أن إضافة هذه المركبات ساهم في تحسين بعض خواص التربة و قوة نمو الأشجار و بعض الصفات الكمية و النوعية لثمار التفاح.
This study was carried out at the Agricultural Scientific Research center In Sweida - GCSAR to study the effect of potassium sulfate and organic manure on some of soil characteristic in addition to tree growth vigor and fruit traits of Starking delicious apple cultivar. The results revealed significant effect in reducing the (pH) of the soil in the three treatments; potassium sulfate fertilization, organic manure fertilization and application of potassium sulfate and organic manure together which were (6.608), (6.708) and (6.558), respectively, in the comparison with the control (6.768). In addition, significant differences were shown in the (EC) between the former treatments (0.1532 ds / m), (0.1692 ds / m) and (0.0937 ds / m) compared to the control (0.2217 ds / m). Concerning growth vigor and fuit traits, the results showed a significant increase in the average of shoot length in the previous treatments (66.43, 77.33 and 71.37 cm, respectively), compared to the control (59.37 cm), while showed a significant increase in leaf area in organic manure treatment and potassium sulfate with organic manure together (35.54 and 37.21 cm 2, respectively), compared to the control (30.54 cm 2). The results of analysis of variance in fruit firmness showed higher significant variation of potassium treatment (8.477 kg / cm 2) than the other treatments which, also revealed significant increase of total soluble solids (16.82%,15.2% and15.37%,respectively) compared to the control (14.23%), and a significant increase in total sugars and in percentage of treatable acidity. Consequently, the result showed that the addition of soil fertilizers treatment contributed to improve some of soil characters, tree growth vigor and some of the quantitative and qualitative traits of apple fruits.
References used
AL-IMAM, N. M.A.A., Abd-Alrahman M.A. Al-Brifkany. 2010, Effect of Nitrogen ، Fertilizers and foliar application of Boron on fruit set, vegetative growth and yield of Anna Apple cultivar (Malus domestica Borkh ). Mesopotamia J. of Agric.vol. 38 (4): P 12-22
BAYRAM, M.A.; S.Clock ; A. yasar and G.Caglar 2007 , Effect of fertilizer rate of the growth , yield and fruit characteristics of dried apricot ( Cv. Hacihaliloglu) .Asian journal of plant sciences , 6(2) : 294- 297
BELL, N. ،D.M. Sullivan ،L.J. Brewer ،and J. Hart. 2003. Improving Garden Soils with Organic Matter. Oregon State University. Extension Service Publications. EC 1561:P 16
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The study was carried out in apple orchard and at the laboratories of Agricultural
Scientific Research Center, and Pome and Grapevine Division in Sweida (GCSAR),
Syria, during the growing seasons of 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of organic
res
idues, and boron and zinc addition on some soil characters, fruit set ratio and
some fruits qualitative traits in Starking delicious apple cultivar in Sweida.
The study was conducted at the Horticulture Department, Faculty of
Agriculture, University of Damascus, during the season of 2002 and 2003, in
order to study the effect of dipping apple fruits for the tow apple sorts for 5
minutes with some chemic
al substances, α-Tocopherol (0.25%) and
Prohexadion-Calcium (1%).
The fruits were stored at AlMaze cold storage unit under the normal
storage condition (0-1ºC, 93% R.H.), to find out some effects of these
treatments on some physical, chemical, and physiological changes of treated
and untreated apple fruits, especially: fruit weight, firmness, starch, and
soluble solids content.
Analysis of variance indicated a significant difference in storage ability of
both fruit apple samples in case of dipped fruits in Procalcium solution 1%
compared with control fruits. The tocopherol treated fruits were sometimes
significant.
The results showed a reduction in fruit weight in case of treated sample
during cold storage time. Fruit firmness was significantly better in both
treatments of procalcium 1% and tocopherol 0.25%compared with control,
and reducing physiological disorders during cold storage period.
In this research, we have studied the effects of some summer pruning at the
mid June and Juli, in addition to the common periodical winter pruning during
February.
Both studies were done to evaluate calcium concentration of fruits, quality
and yi
eld the apearance of physiological disorders during the storage and
fruits. Experiments were conducted on 8 year apple trees of Starking Delicious
and Golden Delicious, which are sensiitve to laek of calcium and as a result
caused bitter-pit as an important physiological disorder on apple fruits.
Summer pruning of apple trees at mid june increases their content of
calcium and their colors, also decreases physiological disorder, weight loss
during storage, without affecting the annual yield of trees.
Accorrding to the attained results, we recommend the farmers of apple trees
to follow summer pruning, because of its benefits on improving the condition of
trees and achieving the balance between vegetative and generative growth, and
reduced the alternate Summer pruning. Also improve the quality of fruits, their
storability and their resistance for some physiological disorders during storage.
The reasearch was carried out during 2009 – 2010 in Al – Hasaka – Amoda - to study
the effect of cattle manure at the rat of 30 ton / ha , and four organic green manure ( Lentil,
Vetch, Faba bean and Barely) on soil content of organic matter and so
me mineral elements
compared with chemical fertilizer 400 kg / ha urea , 83 kg / ha P2O5 and 25 kg / ha K2O .
The manure significantly increased organic matter , phosphorus and potassium
concentrations compared with other fertilizers ( chemical and green fertilizers ) . All green
fertilizers ( Lentil , Vetch , Faba bean and Barely ) significantly increased organic matter ,
nitrogen and potassium concentration compared with the control without using any
fertilizer , the tillage depth ( 0 – 10 ) cm significantly increased soil content of organic
matter and nitrogen compared with deeper tillage ( 25 – 30 ) cm during the two seasons .
This research was carried out through the 201-2011 and 201-/2012 seasons
on 26-year-old trees of AL– Ashouri Pistachio cultivar grown in clay soil, in a
private orchard in Souran region (Hama province). Four types of organic green
fertilizers (Len
tils, Vetch, equal mixture from Lentils and Vetch and mix of
these legumes with barley), in addition to the control, to study their effects on
some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pistachio nut. Results
showed that the use of green fertilizers caused significant increase in studied
indicators and the best treatment was mix of legumes with barley (45% Lentils,
45% vetch, 10% Barley), which achieved the highest significant values، where
average of weight of the 100 nuts was 107.45 g during the two seasons, the
average of weight of the 100 kernel was 67.08 g, average of length of shell was
20.85mm and an annual yield was 32 kg/ tree, compared with control, which
achieved 87.50g, 40.25g, 18.08 mm and 16.75 kg, respectively.
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