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Register a new userEffect of some chemical treatments on the storage capacity of two fruit apple samples: Golden Delicious and Starking Delicious c. v.
تأثير المعاملة ببعض المركبات الكيميائية في القدرة التخزينية لثمار الصنفين Starking Delicious و Golden Delicious مـن التفـاح
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حسان عبيد( باحث )
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أجريت هذه الدراسة في قسم البساتين، كلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق خلال عامي 2002 - 2003 على ثمار صنفي التفاح Delicious Golden و Delicious Starking . حيث هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى دراسـة تأثير تغطيس ثمار تفاح هذين الصنفين لمدة خمس دقائق قبل تخزينها ببعض المركبات الكيميائية من α- توكوفيرول بتركيز 25.0 % و مادة حاوية على عنصر الكالسيوم (بروكالسيوم بتركيز 1%) فـي القـدرة التخزينية لهذين الصنفين. حيث تم تخزين الثمار في وحدة تبريد المزة في الظروف العادية بدرجة حرارة 0-1 درجـة مئويـة و ضمن رطوبة جوية 92 % و قد تمت دراسة تأثير المعاملات المختلفة مقارنة مع الشاهد غير المعامل في نسبة الفقد في وزن الثمار، و درجة الصلابة، و نسبة النشا و السكريات و ذلك قبل مراحل التخزين المختلفة و خلالها، إضافة إلى دراسة درجة تحمل الثمار للتخزين من خـلال ظهـور الاضـطرابات الفيزيولوجيـة (التلونات و التعفنات الفيزيولوجية) في المخزن. أظهرت نتائج تحليل التباين أن هناك اختلافاً معنوياً في زيادة القدرة التخزينيـة لثمـار تفـاح كـلا الصنفين و خاصة لدى الثمار التي تم تغطيسها بمركب الكالسيوم (بروكالسيوم 1%) مقارنة مع الـشاهد. كما أظهرت الثمار التي تم تغطيسها قبل التخزين بمركب α-توكوفيرول 25.0 % أحيانـاً فرقـاً معنويـاً و أحياناً ظاهرياً مع الشاهد غير المعامل. و قد لوحظ ذلك في الثمار المعاملة من خلال انخفاض نسبة الفقد في وزن الثمار خلال التخزين و زيادة صلابتها و من ثم عدم ظهور اضطرابات و تعفنات فيزيولوجية كبيرة مقارنة مع الشاهد.
The study was conducted at the Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus, during the season of 2002 and 2003, in order to study the effect of dipping apple fruits for the tow apple sorts for 5 minutes with some chemical substances, α-Tocopherol (0.25%) and Prohexadion-Calcium (1%). The fruits were stored at AlMaze cold storage unit under the normal storage condition (0-1ºC, 93% R.H.), to find out some effects of these treatments on some physical, chemical, and physiological changes of treated and untreated apple fruits, especially: fruit weight, firmness, starch, and soluble solids content. Analysis of variance indicated a significant difference in storage ability of both fruit apple samples in case of dipped fruits in Procalcium solution 1% compared with control fruits. The tocopherol treated fruits were sometimes significant. The results showed a reduction in fruit weight in case of treated sample during cold storage time. Fruit firmness was significantly better in both treatments of procalcium 1% and tocopherol 0.25%compared with control, and reducing physiological disorders during cold storage period.
References used
Backmann, A., Steif, J. and F. Bangerth 1994: Einfluss von CA- bzw. ULOLagerbedingungen auf Merkmale der Fruchqualität und Reife bei präklimakterisch und klimakterisch geernteten Äpfeln. I. Auswirkung auf Farbe, Fruchtfleischfestigkeit, Säure und löslische Trockensubstanz. Gartenbauwissenschaft 59, 252-257
Bertschinger, L., Stadler, W. and L. Lemmenmeier 1998: First results from testing new Vitamin E formulations for improving Red Color formation and Scab regulation in Swiss Apple orchards. In: Nga, G. and Scmitz, M. (eds.): Antioxidants in higher plants. Shaker Verlag Aachen, 220-231
Biacs, P. A., Czinkotai, B. and A. Hoschke 1992: Factors affecting stability of colored substances in paprika powders. American Chemical Socity 40, 363-367
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In this research, we have studied the effects of some summer pruning at the
mid June and Juli, in addition to the common periodical winter pruning during
February.
Both studies were done to evaluate calcium concentration of fruits, quality
and yi
eld the apearance of physiological disorders during the storage and
fruits. Experiments were conducted on 8 year apple trees of Starking Delicious
and Golden Delicious, which are sensiitve to laek of calcium and as a result
caused bitter-pit as an important physiological disorder on apple fruits.
Summer pruning of apple trees at mid june increases their content of
calcium and their colors, also decreases physiological disorder, weight loss
during storage, without affecting the annual yield of trees.
Accorrding to the attained results, we recommend the farmers of apple trees
to follow summer pruning, because of its benefits on improving the condition of
trees and achieving the balance between vegetative and generative growth, and
reduced the alternate Summer pruning. Also improve the quality of fruits, their
storability and their resistance for some physiological disorders during storage.
This study was carried out at the Agricultural Scientific Research center In Sweida -
GCSAR to study the effect of potassium sulfate and organic manure on some of soil
characteristic in addition to tree growth vigor and fruit traits of Starking del
icious apple
cultivar. The results revealed significant effect in reducing the (pH) of the soil in the three
treatments; potassium sulfate fertilization, organic manure fertilization and application of
potassium sulfate and organic manure together which were (6.608), (6.708) and (6.558),
respectively, in the comparison with the control (6.768). In addition, significant differences
were shown in the (EC) between the former treatments (0.1532 ds / m), (0.1692 ds / m) and
(0.0937 ds / m) compared to the control (0.2217 ds / m). Concerning growth vigor and fuit
traits, the results showed a significant increase in the average of shoot length in the
previous treatments (66.43, 77.33 and 71.37 cm, respectively), compared to the control
(59.37 cm), while showed a significant increase in leaf area in organic manure treatment
and potassium sulfate with organic manure together (35.54 and 37.21 cm 2, respectively),
compared to the control (30.54 cm 2). The results of analysis of variance in fruit firmness
showed higher significant variation of potassium treatment (8.477 kg / cm 2) than the
other treatments which, also revealed significant increase of total soluble solids
(16.82%,15.2% and15.37%,respectively) compared to the control (14.23%), and a
significant increase in total sugars and in percentage of treatable acidity. Consequently, the
result showed that the addition of soil fertilizers treatment contributed to improve some of
soil characters, tree growth vigor and some of the quantitative and qualitative traits of
apple fruits.
The study was performed in Barshin Research Station- General
Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research on the trees age of
13 in grafted with Golden Delicious Cultivar on three rootstocks
(seedless rootstock Malus domestica, vegetative strong
rootstock
MM109, and MM111 half strong rootstock) over the years
(2014.2015 ).The study focused on growth vigor (the stem
circumference above the grafted area ,crown size - the rate of
shoots length and productivity).
نفذ البحث خلال الفترة 2013-2016 م في كلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق , بهدف دراسة تأثير المعاملة ببعض المواد الكيميائية والطبيعية ( 1- ميثيل سكلو بروبان , ونتروبروسيد الصوديوم , الشيتوزان , وأمينوفينل علايسين , والميثيل جاسمونات , وفيتامين E ) في القدرة الت
خزينية لثمار البندورة ( الهجين Tala ) وصفاتها البيوكيميائية ( نسبة المواد الصلبة الذائبة TSS ونسبة الحموضة القاتلة للمعايرة TA ) والفيزيائية ( الصلابة ونسبة الفقد بالوزن والفقد المطلق ومؤشرات اللون ) ومعايير الأكسدة ومضادات الأكسدة .
The study was carried out in apple orchard and at the laboratories of Agricultural
Scientific Research Center, and Pome and Grapevine Division in Sweida (GCSAR),
Syria, during the growing seasons of 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of organic
res
idues, and boron and zinc addition on some soil characters, fruit set ratio and
some fruits qualitative traits in Starking delicious apple cultivar in Sweida.
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