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Genetic analysis of yield and its components in hybrids of sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharat)

التحليل الوراثي لصفة الغلة و مكوناتها في هجن من الذرة السكرية

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 Publication date 2012
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This research was carried out at the Maize Researches Department of General Commission of Science Agriculture Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria, During the growing season 2010 to study general and specific combining ability and the behavior of the inheritance of plant height, ear height, yield per unit area, ear length and ear diameter in sweet corn by the use of half diallel crosses of five selected sweet corn inbred lines (IL.1037-08) P1, (IL.1062-08) P2, (IL.1049-08) P3, (IL.209-08) P4 and (IL.1065-08) P5


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
أجري هذا البحث في قسم بحوث الذرة في الهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية بدمشق، سوريا، خلال الموسم الزراعي 2010، لدراسة القدرة العامة والخاصة على الائتلاف والسلوك الوراثي لصفات ارتفاع النبات، ارتفاع العرنوس، الغلة من وحدة المساحة، طول العرنوس وقطره في الذرة السكرية. استخدم الباحثون خمس سلالات من الذرة السكرية وتم تهجينها باستخدام التهجين نصف التبادلي. أظهرت النتائج أن الهجن الفردية 1065-08×IL-1049-08 وIL-1073-08×IL-1049-08 وIL-209-08×IL-1065-08 كانت الأفضل من حيث الغلة. أظهر التحليل أن الفعل الوراثي غير الإضافي كان المسيطر على وراثة الصفات المدروسة، مما يشير إلى أهمية الفعل الوراثي السيادي في تحسين هذه الصفات. وقد اقترح الباحثون استخدام هذه الهجن في برامج التربية المستقبلية للحصول على سلالات ذات إنتاجية عالية من الذرة السكرية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: يعتبر هذا البحث خطوة مهمة في مجال تحسين الذرة السكرية، حيث يقدم معلومات قيمة حول الفعل الوراثي للصفات المدروسة وأهمية الفعل الوراثي غير الإضافي. ومع ذلك، يمكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر شمولية إذا تم تضمين المزيد من السلالات وزيادة عدد المواقع التجريبية لتحسين دقة النتائج. كما أن الدراسة تركز بشكل كبير على الصفات الكمية، وكان من الممكن أن تكون أكثر فائدة إذا تم تضمين بعض الصفات النوعية مثل مقاومة الأمراض والآفات. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن أن تكون النتائج أكثر تأثيراً إذا تم تطبيقها في ظروف بيئية متنوعة لتحديد مدى استقرار الصفات المدروسة عبر بيئات مختلفة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الصفات التي تم دراستها في هذا البحث؟

    تم دراسة صفات ارتفاع النبات، ارتفاع العرنوس، الغلة من وحدة المساحة، طول العرنوس وقطره.

  2. ما هي الهجن التي أظهرت أفضل نتائج من حيث الغلة؟

    الهجن الفردية 1065-08×IL-1049-08 وIL-1073-08×IL-1049-08 وIL-209-08×IL-1065-08 أظهرت أفضل نتائج من حيث الغلة.

  3. ما هو الفعل الوراثي المسيطر على وراثة الصفات المدروسة؟

    الفعل الوراثي غير الإضافي كان المسيطر على وراثة الصفات المدروسة.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمها الباحثون بناءً على نتائج الدراسة؟

    اقترح الباحثون استخدام الهجن التي أظهرت أفضل نتائج في برامج التربية المستقبلية للحصول على سلالات ذات إنتاجية عالية من الذرة السكرية.


References used
Falconer, D. S. (1981). Introduction to quantitative genetics. The Ronald press company. New York. P. 281– 286
Glover, M.; D. Willmot.; L. Darrah.; B. Hibbard and X. Zhu. (2005). Diallel Analysis of agronomic traits using Chines and U.S. maize germplasm. Crop Sci., 45(3): 1096-1102
Griffing, B. (1956). Concept of general and specific combining ability in relation to diallel crossing systems. Aust. J. of Boil. Sci. 9 463 – 493
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A half diallel set of crosses among six inbred lines of sweet corn was evaluated to study heterosis and combining ability among plant height, ear height, ear diameter, number of rows per ear and ear yield per plant. The study was carried out at the a gricultural research center in, GCSAR, Lattakia, Snoubar Jableh, during the 2010, 2011 seasons. Result showed that almost all crosses expressed a significant positive heterosis effect for ear yield per plant relative to mid parents and better parents; whereas, the highest positive significant percentage of heterosis for ear yield per plant were expressed by the crosses (L4xL6) which gave (198.70%, 176.81%) and (L4xL6) which gave (196.94%, 168.56%), over mid parents and better parents, respectively. The ratio (σ2GCA/σ2SCA) which was less than (1) showed that the non-additive gene action was more important than the additive gene action in all traits except plant height and ear height. The inbred lines L3 (17.061) and L4 (12.011) seemed to be the best general combiners for ear yield. Also, based on SCA effects, many of single crosses were identified as superior for ear yield, and the best hybrid was L3xL5(50.173).
A half diallel making design was used to determine combining ability and heterosis of six chickpea lines and their hybrid combinations with R.C.B.D. in three replication for seed yield per plant, number of pods per branch, pods number per plant, fi rst pod height and 100- seed weight, during 2015 and 2016 seasons, at the research Center of Al-Gab (G.C.S.A.R). Genotypes, general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean squares were significant for all studied traits. The ratio σ2 GCA / σ2 SCA were detected for all traits and showed that non- additive gene action was more important than additive gene action in controlling all studied traits. GCA effects showed that the lines P2(IL.10158) was good general combiner for number of pods per branch and plant, also, 100- seed weight where, P3 (IL.5883) and P4(IL.4) were good general combiner for first pod height and seed yield per plant, respectively. SCA effects showed that(P1×P2) hybrid was the best F1 crosses combination for seed yield per plant. On the other side (P1×P2), (P1×P4) and (P2×P4) were showed positive and significant heterosis values for seed yield per plant and 100- seed weight also first pod height and number of pod per branch and plant respectively.
This study was carried out during 2010-2011 growing seasons at the Maize Researches Department (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus. To estimate heterosis for number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, 100- kernel weight, and grain yield.
This study was conducted at the farm of Faculty of Agricultural –Kharabo as an intensive crop during 201 and 2012 growing seasons. Using the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications to study some genetic indices for grain yiel d and its components, of 79 families of the Sh group of maize improved by Full-sib selection. The results indicated that the broad sense heritability ranged from high to moderate for some yield components (number of kernels per row, number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, the weight of whole ear, whole kernel weight and grain yield and it was 49.6, 52.9, 46.3 79.7, 56.74, 51 and 85.2%) respectively. Additive gene action appeared to be controlling number of kernel per row, number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter،,grain yiel, the weight of whole ea, kernel weight indicating less selection cycles are required to improve yield depending on its components.
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