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Register a new userGenetic analysis of yield and its components in hybrids of sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharat)
التحليل الوراثي لصفة الغلة و مكوناتها في هجن من الذرة السكرية
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أجري هذا البحث في قسم بحوث الذرة في الهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية دمـشق، سـورية خلال الموسم الزراعي 2010 لدراسة القدرة العامة و الخاصة على الائتلاف، و السلوك الـوراثي لـصفات ارتفاع النبات و العرنوس و الغلة من وحدة المساحة و طول العرنوس و قطره؛ و ذلك مـن خـلال التهجـين نصف التبادلي بين خمس سلالات منتقاة من الـذرة الـسكرية (08-1073-IL(P1) ،08-1062-IL(P2، قسم في الذاتية التربية برنامج من منتخبة، (P5(IL-1065-08) ،P4(IL-209-08) ،P3(IL-1049-08 بحوث الذرة في الهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية.
This research was carried out at the Maize Researches Department of General Commission of Science Agriculture Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria, During the growing season 2010 to study general and specific combining ability and the behavior of the inheritance of plant height, ear height, yield per unit area, ear length and ear diameter in sweet corn by the use of half diallel crosses of five selected sweet corn inbred lines (IL.1037-08) P1, (IL.1062-08) P2, (IL.1049-08) P3, (IL.209-08) P4 and (IL.1065-08) P5
References used
Falconer, D. S. (1981). Introduction to quantitative genetics. The Ronald press company. New York. P. 281– 286
Glover, M.; D. Willmot.; L. Darrah.; B. Hibbard and X. Zhu. (2005). Diallel Analysis of agronomic traits using Chines and U.S. maize germplasm. Crop Sci., 45(3): 1096-1102
Griffing, B. (1956). Concept of general and specific combining ability in relation to diallel crossing systems. Aust. J. of Boil. Sci. 9 463 – 493
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A half diallel set of crosses among six inbred lines of sweet corn was evaluated to study heterosis and combining ability among plant height, ear height, ear diameter, number of rows per ear and ear yield per plant. The study was carried out at the a
gricultural research center in, GCSAR, Lattakia, Snoubar Jableh, during the 2010, 2011 seasons.
Result showed that almost all crosses expressed a significant positive heterosis effect for ear yield per plant relative to mid parents and better parents; whereas, the highest positive significant percentage of heterosis for ear yield per plant were expressed by the crosses (L4xL6) which gave (198.70%, 176.81%) and (L4xL6) which gave (196.94%, 168.56%), over mid parents and better parents, respectively.
The ratio (σ2GCA/σ2SCA) which was less than (1) showed that the non-additive gene action was more important than the additive gene action in all traits except plant height and ear height. The inbred lines L3 (17.061) and L4 (12.011) seemed to be the best general combiners for ear yield. Also, based on SCA effects, many of single crosses were identified as superior for ear yield, and the best hybrid was L3xL5(50.173).
A half diallel making design was used to determine combining ability and heterosis of six
chickpea lines and their hybrid combinations with R.C.B.D. in three replication for seed
yield per plant, number of pods per branch, pods number per plant, fi
rst pod height and
100- seed weight, during 2015 and 2016 seasons, at the research Center of Al-Gab
(G.C.S.A.R). Genotypes, general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean
squares were significant for all studied traits. The ratio σ2
GCA / σ2
SCA were detected for all
traits and showed that non- additive gene action was more important than additive gene
action in controlling all studied traits. GCA effects showed that the lines P2(IL.10158) was
good general combiner for number of pods per branch and plant, also, 100- seed weight
where, P3 (IL.5883) and P4(IL.4) were good general combiner for first pod height and seed
yield per plant, respectively. SCA effects showed that(P1×P2) hybrid was the best F1
crosses combination for seed yield per plant. On the other side (P1×P2), (P1×P4) and
(P2×P4) were showed positive and significant heterosis values for seed yield per plant and
100- seed weight also first pod height and number of pod per branch and plant
respectively.
This study was carried out during 2010-2011 growing seasons at the
Maize Researches Department (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus. To estimate
heterosis for number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, 100- kernel
weight, and grain yield.
This study was conducted at the farm of Faculty of Agricultural –Kharabo
as an intensive crop during 201 and 2012 growing seasons. Using the
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications to study
some genetic indices for grain yiel
d and its components, of 79 families of the
Sh group of maize improved by Full-sib selection. The results indicated that
the broad sense heritability ranged from high to moderate for some yield
components (number of kernels per row, number of rows per ear, ear length,
ear diameter, the weight of whole ear, whole kernel weight and grain yield and
it was 49.6, 52.9, 46.3 79.7, 56.74, 51 and 85.2%) respectively. Additive gene
action appeared to be controlling number of kernel per row, number of rows
per ear, ear length, ear diameter،,grain yiel, the weight of whole ea, kernel
weight indicating less selection cycles are required to improve yield depending
on its components.
The present investigation was undertaken to estimate phenotypic
correlation and path coefficient analysis for grain yield and its components in
maize. Four local genotypes of yellow maize were evaluated in 2008 and 2009
growing seasons at two loca
tions i.e. Damascus and Dir Al-Zor under three
nitrogen fertilization levels (130, 195 and 260 of N. ha-1), The nitrogen fertilizer
was applied at two splits. Split split plot design was used with 4 replications.
Results of phenotypic correlation values showed that grain yield at Damascus
location was positively and significantly associated with ear height (r= 0.204**),
ear length (r= 0.205**) and number of rows per ear (r= 0.228**). On the other
hand, grain yield at Dir Al-Zor location was positively and significantly
associated with all studied traits at combined data whereas, it was positively
and significantly associated with ear length at three levels and combined data
(0.305*, 0.410**, 0.347** and 0.375**, respectively). The data of path coefficient
analysis showed that ear length, ear height and number of rows per ear had
positive direct effects on grain yield variation and thus grain yield
improvement can be achieved through selection for ear length and ear height at
Damascus location (11.06%). On the other side, data showed that each of ear
height, number of kernels per row and 100-kernel weight had positive direct
effects on grain yield variation (32.98%) and thus, 100-kernel weight can be
considered as selection criteria may lead to the improvement of grain yield in
yellow maize at Dir Al-Zor location.
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