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Register a new userUsing the plant tissue culture techniques in micropropagation and conservation of the endangered Red Doumani grape cultivar
استخدام تقانة زراعة الأنسجة النباتية في إكثار صنف العنب الأحمر الدوماني المهدد بالانقراض و حفظه
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جرى في هذا البحث الإكثار بزراعة الأنسجة النباتية لصنف العنب الأحمر الدوماني المهدد بالانقراض حيث زرعت الأجزاء النباتية و هي عبارة عن عقل طرفية و جانبية بطول 5.0-1 سم تحتوي على بـرعم واحد على الوسط الأساس المستعمل (Medium Plant Woody (WPM ، و تم الحصول على أفـضل معدل للإكثار عند استخدام الوسط المغذي المكون من BA بتركيز mM 44.4 و IAA بتركيز 58mM.0، و كان متوسط عدد النموات المتشكلة 60.2 نمواً، و متوسط عدد الأيام حتى بدء التشكل 22.9 يوماً، أمـا بالنسبة إلى أفضل استطالة للنموات فقد كانت على الوسط المغذي المكون مـن KIN بتركيـز mM 6.4 و IAA بتركيز 58mM.0 و كان 50.10 سم.
In this study, we used plant tissue culture techniques for micropropagation of the endangered Red Doumani cultivar. The explants which were the apex tips and axillary buds (0.5-1 cm) have been cultured on the free of hormones initial medium WPM (Woody plant medium), then moved to the micropropagation media. The results showed that the medium containing 4.44 mM BA + 0.58 mM IAA had the best effect on number of new shoots formed (2.6) and the growth started after 9.22 days, the best elongation was on the medium supplemented with 4.6 mM KIN + 0.58 mM IAA and the rate of multiplication reached 5.15 shoots.
References used
ALizadh, M., Singh, S., Patel, V. (2009). Comparative performance of in vitro multiplication in four grape rootstock genotypes. International journal of plant production 4(1): 41-50
Baydar,N.G.(2000). Study of adventitious shoot formation in leaves of grape (Vitis spp). Turkish. Journal. of Biology. 24(3):645-656
Beauchesne, G. (1982). Appearance of plants not true to type during in vitro plant propagation,. In: Variability in plants regenerated from tissue culture. (E.D.): Ealre and Y. Demarly. Praeger publication, New York, 268- 272
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This present study was conducted to develop a detailed in vitro propagation
system for the medicinal shrub Capparis spinosa L.
Single nodes with one bud and a small part of stem of 1-1.5 cm long were
used as initial explants which were collected f
rom a shrubs grown under field
conditions at Damascus suburb., (Doumar). Explants were surface-disinfected
by 70% Ethanol for 1 min., followed by immersion in Sodium Hypochlorite or
HgCl2 for different periods and concentrations with 1 drop of Tween 20 for 100
ml disinfectant solution, where after, they were placed onto MS basal medium
containing a combination of growth regulators at different concentrations (BA
at 4.44 or 8.88 μM) each with IBA 0.49 μM. Cultures were incubated in the
growth room at 23±1 c and light intensity of 3000 lux at the cultures level.
Multiplication rate of 25.17-fold from one explant was achieved every 4 weeks
on the optimal MS medium (MS+8.88μM BA+0.49μM IBA).
The described method has potential to produce large numbers of plantlets
within a short period of time to expand its cultivation for medicinal uses.
The present study was conducted at Genetic Engineering Department in Agricultural
Research Directorate in Ministry of Science and Technology/Iraq in 2013, to evaluate
the effectiveness of aqueous extract of cogon grass at concentrations of (0.0 ,0.
25,
0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2%) and Kinetin (0.0, 1.5, 3, 5) mg/L on microtuberization of two
potato varieties; Daimond and Desire, in two separate experiments. All cultures
were placed in a growth room chamber at temeratures of 18-20 °C with darkness
for 90 days, until microtubers harvest. Data of microtuber per plant, diameters and
weights were investigated. Results showed a positive effect of cogon grass extract
at 2% on the number of microtubers and fresh weight (2.1, 104.41 mg, respectively)
and at 1% on the diameter (5.52 mm). Desiree cultivar was the best in fresh weight
of microtubers (188.41mg). The results of kinetin showed a significant effect on
all of the studied traits. The superior kinetin concentration was 5.0 mg/L which
gave the highest number of microtubers 2.22, while the concentrations 3.0 and 1.5
mg/L gave the highest values of diameter and weight ( 6.95 mm and 388.38 mg,
respectively). The two cultivars did not differ significantly in number of microtubers,
while Diamond cultivar was significantly higher in diameter and weight (6.86 mm
and 363.45 mg, respectively).
Some factors which affect in vitro propagation of sour orange (Citrus
aurantium. L.) were studied on Murashige and Skoog medium. Medium
containing ١,٠ mg/L ٦-Benzylaminopurine (BA) was satisfactory for shoot
multiplication, Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (٢،٤-D) was not effective for shoot
proliferation and it enhanced callus formation.
Grape Vitis Vinifera L. var. "Baladi" was fumigated with acetic acid at two
concentrations 75 and 100 %, during two successive seasons 2008/2009, to study
their effect comparing of sulfur dioxide pads and control. However, Sulfur
dioxide pads were
packed in 40 μm polyethylene bags thickness at two
concentrations 1 and 1.5 g/ kg fruit. All treatments were stored at 0 ± 1 Cº and
90-95% RH for three months, in cooling units of pome and vine research
department in Swaida. Chemical and physical properties were assessed every
15 days intervals, and in every time shelf life was measured for three days at
room temperature and calculated as total loss %. Acetic acid treatment effected
as well as or better than sulfur dioxide pads during cold storage. Which, acetic
acid fumigation decreased weight loss %, decay % and berry shatter %,
moreover, berry adherence strength (g) and berry firmness (kg/cm2) were
increased, but T.S.S %, total acidity % and sugars % have not significant
differences comparing to sulfur dioxide fumigation and control. In addition to
that, the application of acetic acid increased shelf life in days by decreasing
total loss %; also this treatment improved some sensory properties and was
satisfied for consumer demand.
In vitro rooting was significantly increased by adding indolebutyric
acid (IBA) to medium and rooting was improved by adding ١,٠ g/L activated
charcoal or ٠,١ g/L polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Indoleacetic acid (IAA) (٠,٠ to
٤,٠ mg/L) was not effect
ive for rooting except when used with ٠,١ g/L PVP. A
٩٥٪ survival was achieved when plants were acclimatized ex vitro. Such
procedures could help significantly in clonally propagating bitter almond and
conserving its germplasm.
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