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Effect of soil solarization and organic fertilization on the productivity of some Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes

تأثير تشميس التربة و التسميد العضوي في إنتاجية بعض الطرز الوراثية من الذرة الصفراء (Zea mays L.)

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 Publication date 2014
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This study was conducted in Abu-Jarash farm at the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University during the main season 2013 to evaluate the effect of soil solarization and organic fertilization treatments on the productivity of some maize genotypes (Basel 1, Basel 2, Ghouta 1, Ghouta 82 and Local White). The experiment was laid out according to split-split plot design with three replications. The statistical analysis results clearly indicated to the existence of variability in the response of studied maize genotypes to soil solarization and organic fertilization treatments. The genotype Ghouta 82 surpassed in the traits of plant height, leaf area index, 100-kernel weight and grain yield (150.25 cm, 2.84, 28.10 g and 7.99 ton.ha-1) respectively, as compared to other studied genotypes and was closely followed by the genotype Basel 2 which recorded the highest number of rows per ear (13.83 row/ear). Soil solarization for 45 days before sowing and applying organic manures at the rate of 20 ton.ha-1 encouraged the traits of plant height, leaf area index, number of rows and grains per ear, 100-kernel weight which was reflected on grain yield. Therefore we can grow variety Ghouta 82 or hybrid Basel 2 to get higher yield of maize.


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Research summary
تناولت الدراسة تأثير تشميس التربة والتسميد العضوي على إنتاجية بعض الطرز الوراثية من الذرة الصفراء (Zea Mays L.). أجريت التجربة في مزرعة أبي جرش في كلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق خلال الموسم الزراعي 2013. استخدمت الدراسة خمسة طرز وراثية: باسل 1، باسل 2، غوطة 1، غوطة 82، وبلدية بيضاء. تم تنفيذ التجربة وفق تصميم القطع تحت المنشقة بثلاثة مكررات. أظهرت النتائج تباينًا في استجابة الطرز الوراثية للمعاملات المدروسة. تفوق الصنف غوطة 82 في معظم الصفات المدروسة مثل ارتفاع النبات، دليل المساحة الورقية، وزن 100 حبة، والغلة الحبية. كما أظهرت النتائج أن تشميس التربة لمدة 45 يومًا قبل الزراعة واستخدام التسميد العضوي بمعدل 20 طن/هكتار أدى إلى تحسين معظم الصفات المدروسة. بناءً على النتائج، يمكن زراعة الصنف غوطة 82 أو الهجين باسل 2 للحصول على غلة حبية عالية من محصول الذرة الصفراء.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر الدراسة شاملة ومفصلة في تحليل تأثير تشميس التربة والتسميد العضوي على إنتاجية الذرة الصفراء. ومع ذلك، يمكن أن تكون هناك بعض النقاط التي تحتاج إلى مزيد من التوضيح. على سبيل المثال، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى التأثيرات البيئية المحتملة لاستخدام التسميد العضوي بكميات كبيرة. كما أن الدراسة لم تتناول بشكل مفصل التكاليف الاقتصادية المرتبطة بتطبيق هذه المعاملات الزراعية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر شمولية إذا تم تضمين المزيد من الطرز الوراثية أو إجراء التجارب في مواقع مختلفة للتحقق من تعميم النتائج.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الطرز الوراثية التي تم دراستها في البحث؟

    الطرز الوراثية المدروسة هي باسل 1، باسل 2، غوطة 1، غوطة 82، وبلدية بيضاء.

  2. ما هي المعاملات التي تم استخدامها في الدراسة؟

    المعاملات المستخدمة هي تشميس التربة لمدة 45 يومًا قبل الزراعة واستخدام التسميد العضوي بمعدل 20 طن/هكتار.

  3. أي صنف وراثي تفوق في معظم الصفات المدروسة؟

    الصنف غوطة 82 تفوق في معظم الصفات المدروسة مثل ارتفاع النبات، دليل المساحة الورقية، وزن 100 حبة، والغلة الحبية.

  4. ما هي التوصيات النهائية للدراسة؟

    توصي الدراسة بزراعة الصنف غوطة 82 أو الهجين باسل 2 للحصول على غلة حبية عالية من محصول الذرة الصفراء، واستخدام تشميس التربة لمدة 45 يومًا قبل الزراعة مع التسميد العضوي بمعدل 20 طن/هكتار.


References used
Abu-Gharbieh, W. I. 1997. Pre and post plant soil solarization. International proceeding second conference on soil solarization and integrated management of soil borne pests. 16-21st March, Aleppo, Syria, p. 3
Adeniyan, O. N., A. O. Ojo, O. A. Akinbode and J. A. Adediran. 2011. Comparative study of different organic manures and NPK fertilizer for improvement of soil chemical properties and yield of maize in two different soils. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management. 2(1): 9-13
Al-Dollaimy, O. E. M. 2001. Response of corn genotypes to different level of Nitrogen under AL-Anbar Condition. M.Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, AL-Anbar University, Iraq
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