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Register a new userEffect of Selenium, Sulfur and Phosphor fertilization on Shoot Dry Weight of Maize (Zea mays L.) Grown in Two Different Soils
تأثير التسميد بالسيلنيوم و الكبريت و الفوسفور في الوزن الجاف للمجموع الخضري لمحصول الذرة الصفراء .Zea mays L المزروعة في ترب مختلفة
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المجلة السورية للبحوث الزراعية ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2018
fields
Soil And Water
and research's language is
العربية
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نفذت تجربة زراعة محصول الذرة الصفراء .Zea mays L صنف برشلونة في أصص بلاستيكية باستعمال تربتين مختلفتين (إحداهما تربة القرنة الفقيرة بالمادة العضوية و الأخرى تربة أهوار ميسان الغنية بالمادة العضوية). و ذلك لبيان تأثير السيلنيوم و الكبريت و الفوسفات و التداخل بينهما في الوزن الجاف للمجموع الخضري لمحصول الذرة الصفراء. حيث أضيف السيلنيوم بأربعة مستويات (0 ، 10 ،20 ،40) غ Se /هـكتار Na2SeO4، و الكبريت بثلاثة مستويات ( 0، 30 ، 60 ) كغ S /هـكتار على صورة K2SO4 ، و الفوسفور بثلاثة مستويات (0 ،60 ،120 ( كغ P /هـكتار على صورة سماد سوبر فوسفات المركز.
An experiment was conducted on maize crop (Zea mays L.) in plastic pots in two different soils (Qurna soil, which is poor organic matter and the other soil from Maysan marshes, which is rich in organic matter), to study the effect of selenium, sulfur and phosphate and their interaction on dry weight of shoot of maize crop. Selenium was added at four levels (0, 10, 20 and 40 g Se ha), sulfur at three levels (0, 30 and 60 kg S ha), and phosphorus at three levels (0, 60 and 120 kg P ha).
References used
Black, C.A. (1965). Method of soil analysis. part 1. Physical properties Am. Soc. Agron. Inc. Publisher Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
Bly, H.; H. Woodard; and D. Winter (2001). Corn response to sulfur application. Pub. South Dakota Univ., Pp. 1-4
Djanaguiraman, M.; P.V.V. Prasad; and M. Seppannen (2010). Selenium protects sorghum leaves from oxidative damage under high temperature stress by enhancing antioxidant defense system. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 48: 999-1007
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This study was conducted in Abu-Jarash farm at the Faculty of Agriculture,
Damascus University during the main season 2013 to evaluate the effect of soil
solarization and organic fertilization treatments on the productivity of some
maize genotypes
(Basel 1, Basel 2, Ghouta 1, Ghouta 82 and Local White). The
experiment was laid out according to split-split plot design with three
replications. The statistical analysis results clearly indicated to the existence of
variability in the response of studied maize genotypes to soil solarization and
organic fertilization treatments. The genotype Ghouta 82 surpassed in the traits
of plant height, leaf area index, 100-kernel weight and grain yield (150.25 cm,
2.84, 28.10 g and 7.99 ton.ha-1) respectively, as compared to other studied
genotypes and was closely followed by the genotype Basel 2 which recorded the
highest number of rows per ear (13.83 row/ear). Soil solarization for 45 days
before sowing and applying organic manures at the rate of 20 ton.ha-1
encouraged the traits of plant height, leaf area index, number of rows and
grains per ear, 100-kernel weight which was reflected on grain yield. Therefore
we can grow variety Ghouta 82 or hybrid Basel 2 to get higher yield of maize.
A pot exrpriment was conducted in a greenhouse in Tishreen University. The
experiment included three soils differ in their chemical properties: 1) heavy clay red soil
rich in iron oxides; 2) a silty loam basiltic soil; 3) a heavet clay red soil ric
h in total
calcium carbonate (34.8 %). Treatments include application of different levels of triple
super phosphate (TSP, 46 % P2O5) ranged from 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150, to 200 mg P/kg
soil. Pots were sowned with maize (2 plants/pot) and grown for 48 days. At harvest, plant
were hatvested before flowering by cutting shoots and extracting roots which were oven
dried and weight were recorded prior to digestion and P determination in shoot and root
tissues. Samples of rhizosphere soils from each pot replicate were taken for P fractionation
and determination.
The response of maize to P application differs at period test according to soil type.
The increase in growth was linear with increasing P level of application in theheavy red
and calcareous red soils, while was polynomial in basilitic soil. The speed of growth
increase in response to P application was influenced by native available P in the soil prior
to application. The application of P led to linear increase in resin-P and MRP fraction in
the bicarbonate extract, but not the Po fraction of the bicarbonate extract. The quantities of
fixed applied P varied according to level of P application, the ratio of P uptake by maize
plants, and chemical properties of the soil type. The proportion of applied P that was fixed
increased linerarly with increasing level of P application. It constitutes 41.7,68.5 and66%
at level of P application (20 mg/kg soil), and decreasing to30.2, 41.9 and 59.1% at level of
P application (200 mg/kg soil) for red, basiltic, and calcerous red soils, respectively.
This study was carried out in the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture
University of Damascus during the growing season 2014, to study the
productivity of the maize cultivar ("Gouta 82) and the hybrids (Basel
1 and Basel 2) under the influence of tw
o plant densities 17.53
thousand plant. ha-1 (70x20cm) and 53.11 thousand plant. ha-1
(70x40cm).
The research was conducted at the Maize Researches Department, General
Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus,
Syria during the summer growing seasons of 2010, 2011 and 2012. Treatments
were arranged in a Randomized
Complete Blocks Design with three
replications. The research aimed to evaluate genetic parameters for some traits
like days to 50% silking, plant and ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number
of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight and grain yield
per plant using generations means analysis of two maize hybrids (IL.292-06 ×
IL.565-06, IL.459-06 × IL.362-06) to detect epistasis and estimates of mean
effect [m], additive [d], dominance [h], additive × additive [i], additive ×
dominance [j] and dominance × dominance [l] parameters. Results showed that
the additive - dominance model was adequate to demonstrate the genetic
variation and its importance in the inheritance of most studied traits. Nonallelic
gene interaction was operating in the control of genetic variation in most
studied traits. The signs of [h] and [l] were opposite in most studied traits for
the two crosses. Also, the inheritance of all studied traits was controlled by
additive and non-additive genetic effects, but dominance gene effects play the
major role in controlling the genetic variation of the most studied traits,
suggesting that the improvement of those characters need intensive selection
through later generations. The phenotypic variations were greater than
genotypic variations for all studied traits in the two crosses, indicating greater
influence of environment in the expression of these traits. Highly significant
heterosis relative to mid and better parents, respectively was found for all
characters, and this accompanied with inbreeding depression for all traits.
Narrow sense heritability and genetic advance were low in most of the traits
due to the dominance of non-additive gene action in controlling the genetic
variation of the most studied traits and this predict low to medium values of
genetic advance through selection process.
This study was carried out during 2010-2011 growing seasons at the
Maize Researches Department (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus. To estimate
heterosis for number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, 100- kernel
weight, and grain yield.
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