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Register a new userResponse of Lupinus albus sp. to Phosphate Rock application and the role of organic acid in its dissolution processes
استجابة نبات الترمس الأبيض Lupinus albus sp. للتسميد بالصخر الفوسفاتي و دور الأحماض العضوية في عملية انحلاله
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2015
fields
Soil And Water
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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يهدف البحث إلى دراسة استجابة نبات الترمس الأبيض Lupinus albus sp للتسميد بالصخر الفوسفاتي و تحديد الدور الذي تلعبه الأحماض العضوية منخفضة الكتلة الجزيئية في تحرير الفوسفور. نفذت الدراسة من خلال تجربتين : تجربة أصص تضمنت معاملة الصخر الفوسفاتي PR و معاملة السوبر فوسفات الثلاثي TSP بواقع 3 معدلات لكل معاملة و 3 مكررات لكل معدل، و تجربة مخبرية لدراسة دور حمضي الستريك و الماليك في انحلال الصخر الفوسفاتي و أثر تركيز الحمض العضوي و درجة الــpH الأولية على عملية الانحلال. لقد بينت النتائج استجابة نبات الترمس الأبيض للتسميد بالصخر الفوسفاتي لكنها بقيت أقل من استجابته للسوبر فوسفات الثلاثي، حيث بلغت الفعالية الزراعية النسبية للصخر الفوسفاتي حوالي 61%. يعتقد بأن تحرير الفوسفور من الصخر الفوسفاتي بواسطة الأحماض العضوية الراشحة من جذور النبات كحمضي الستريك و الماليك من خلال ميكانيكيتين: الأولى تخفض درجة الحموضة في محيط جذور النبات من جهة و هي المسؤولة عن 64% من عملية الانحلال، و الثانية هي إمكانية ربط الكالسيوم من قبل الأحماض العضوية كعوامل تمخلب مما يشجع في عملية انحلال الصخر الفوسفاتي و كانت مسؤولة عن 34% من عملية الانحلال للصخر الفوسفاتي. لقد تأثرت عملية انحلال الصخر الفوسفاتي بتركيز الحمض العضوي، حيث ازدادت عملية الانحلال بزيادة تركيز الحمض و كانت أعلى عند حمض الستريك عن الماليك، كما تأثرت بدرجة الــpH الأولية فانخفض الانحلال بارتفاعها.
The objectives of this were to investigate the response of Lupinus albus sp. to phosphate rock (PR) as a source of phosphorus (P) nutrition, and to study the role organic acid (Citric and Malic) in phosphorus dissolution from PR. Tow experiments were conducted: 1) A greenhouse pot experiment, in order to study the response of white lupin to the application of PR and Triple super phosphate TSP at three application rates (100- 450-800 ppm). 2)- A laboratory experiment in order to study the role of Citric and Malic acids concentration and initial pH in P- release from PR. The results showed that Lupinus albus sp. was able to use PR for P-nutrition, and has a relative agronomic effectiveness of 61% when compared to TSP. The possible Exuded organic acids such as Citric and Malic were responsible for PR dissolution due to tow mechanisms: 64% of PR dissolution was due to pH decrease in the rhizosphere area, and 34% due to chelating of calcium cations. PR dissolution was increased by the increase organic acid concentration, but decreased when the initial pH value increased. Dissolution was always more pronounced with citric than malic acid.
References used
ANDERSON .D.L; KRUSSOW W.R; AND COREY .R.B. Phosphate rock dissolution in soil: Indications from plant growth studies. Soil Sci Soc Am J 49.1985. 918– 925
BLACK, C. A; EVANS, D. D; WHITE, J. L; ENSMINGER, L. E; CLARK, F. E AND DINAUER, R. C. Methods of soil analysis.1965. 1572p
BOUYOUCOS, G. J. Hydrometer method improved for making particlesize analysis of soils. Agron. J. 53. 1962 . 464-465
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دور الترمس الأبيض Lupinus albus sp في تحسين استجابة غراس الزفير Citrus aurantium للصخر الفوسفاتي كرديف للتغذية الفوسفورية في الزراعة العضوية
A field experiment was carried out during 2003 and 2004 in Edleb
governorate to study the effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus
megaterium) and cows manure on solubilization of phosphate rock, cotton
productivity, and phosphate uptak
e. The amounts of phosphate rock and
superphosphate were added by the same amount of P2O5.
An amount of nitrogen fertilizer as urea, was added to treatment 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, and 6 , whereas treatment 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 received amounts of organic
fertilizer having the same amount of N added to treatment 1-6 (MAAR
recommendation).
A pot exrpriment was conducted in a greenhouse in Tishreen University. The
experiment included three soils differ in their chemical properties: 1) heavy clay red soil
rich in iron oxides; 2) a silty loam basiltic soil; 3) a heavet clay red soil ric
h in total
calcium carbonate (34.8 %). Treatments include application of different levels of triple
super phosphate (TSP, 46 % P2O5) ranged from 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150, to 200 mg P/kg
soil. Pots were sowned with maize (2 plants/pot) and grown for 48 days. At harvest, plant
were hatvested before flowering by cutting shoots and extracting roots which were oven
dried and weight were recorded prior to digestion and P determination in shoot and root
tissues. Samples of rhizosphere soils from each pot replicate were taken for P fractionation
and determination.
The response of maize to P application differs at period test according to soil type.
The increase in growth was linear with increasing P level of application in theheavy red
and calcareous red soils, while was polynomial in basilitic soil. The speed of growth
increase in response to P application was influenced by native available P in the soil prior
to application. The application of P led to linear increase in resin-P and MRP fraction in
the bicarbonate extract, but not the Po fraction of the bicarbonate extract. The quantities of
fixed applied P varied according to level of P application, the ratio of P uptake by maize
plants, and chemical properties of the soil type. The proportion of applied P that was fixed
increased linerarly with increasing level of P application. It constitutes 41.7,68.5 and66%
at level of P application (20 mg/kg soil), and decreasing to30.2, 41.9 and 59.1% at level of
P application (200 mg/kg soil) for red, basiltic, and calcerous red soils, respectively.
This study was conducted in a pot experiment during 2012-2013 to investigate the
response of four Syrian bread wheat cultivars (Sham 4, Sham 6, Bohouth 4, and Bohouth
6) to increasing levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 k
g N/h).
Nitrogen was added in two equal split applications, half was added as urea (46% N) at
sowing, and the second half was added as ammonium nitrate (33.5 % N) at tillerring and
stem elongation stage. Some growth and productivity parameters were investigated.
Nitrogen application led in all four cultivars to significant increase in number of
tillers, productive on the expense of non-productive tillers. This was accompanied by a
significant increase in number of spikes on plant and number and weight of grain in the
spike. Sham 6 had a higher number of productive tillers at nitrogen rate of application 200
kg N/h, whereas Bohouth 4 had a greater height for main stems and tillers compared to
other cultivars.
Grain productivity increased with the first level of nitrogen application (40 kg N/h)
by a rate of 53, 57, 55, and 48 % for cultivars Sham 4, Sham 6, Bohouth 4, and Bohouth 6,
respectively. Grain yield reached with nitrogen application of 200 kg N/h to 15.89, 15.96,
13.6, and 15.7 ton/h, respectively. Cultivars differed significantly in grain yield within
each nitrogen application level. Grain yield for Bohouth 6 got closer to Sham 4 and Sham
6 with nitrogen application reaching 160 kg N/h, and after which became not significantly
different, while grain yield of Bohouth 4 remains significantly lower compared to all
cultivars.
The research was carried out in the agricultural season 2016-2017 the village of
DweirRaslan Tartous governorate with three planting dates (20 November - 10 December -
1 January) and three densities (12 - 14 - 16 plants / m2) Where the planting tim
e was the
main pieces and the plant density occupied the dissecting pieces once to study the effect of
planting date and plant density on some morphological characteristics of white thermos
plant.
The results showed that dates of the early dates (November 20) were higher in plant height,
with an average of 64 cm and surface area of the paper surface at an average of 24.367
thousand. M 2 / ha and in shape of the length of the century with an average of 7.50 cm.
As for the plant density, the plants of density12 plants / m 2 in the height of plant exceeded
an average of 65.6 cm and length of the century with an average of 8.13 cm, while the
plants of density 16 plants / m 2 in the area of paper area average 24.213 thousand. M2 / ha
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