This research focuses on an environmental and economic aspect, as it depends on using the harmful water hyacinth weed as an effective material to product the biopolymer "polyhydroxybutyrate: PHB" by Bacillus subtilis. The samples were processed and d
igested to extract the polymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) using chloroform method. Some tests were carried out to confirm the identity of this polymer, such as measuring the melting point of the product and studying the functional groups of the extracted PHB using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results obtained by the extracted polymer from the water hyacinth weed showed conformity to the referential PHB polymer tests, which shows the importance of this research in determining a way to get rid of this harmful weed, which is an environmental problem and a large economic burden by investing it in the production of biopolymer PHB.
The environmental and biological study of the olive moth Prays Oleae.B was conducted in the Natural Resources Research Department of Homs Research Center in 2015-2016, where seasonal changes of the olive moth P. oleae group were monitored using pheromone sexual attraction traps.
The research was carried out at Jeb Ramlah Research Station – AlGhab Research Center -
General Authority of Scientific Agricultural Research at 2017 growing season. The
objective was to investigate the effect of three organic and bio fertilizers (B
acillus, Humic
acid and Amino acids) and three fertilization methods (Soaking seeds, Vegetative spraying
and Plant irrigation) in some morphological and production traits of cotton cultivar 124
(Gossypium herutum L.) The experiment was conducted according to RCBD with three
replications. The first factor (fertilizer type) occupied the main plots, while the second
factor (fertilization method) occupied the split plots. Statistical analysis was carried out
using the Genestat.12 software and the least significant difference L.S.D. at 5% level was
calculated. Studied traits included (at the beginning of Blooming stage): Plant Height,
Plant wet weight, Plant dry weight, Leaf area and plant production of cotton. The results
showed that the average of treatment of amino acids was superiority significant on the
others in terms of plant height (70.70cm), Plant wet and dry weight (201.50, and 83.41g),
respectively, Leaf area (4240.15cm2/plant) and plant production of cotton (75.13g). For
fertilization method, Vegetative spraying average was superiority significant on the others
in terms of all studied traits.
This study was carried out to determine the efficiency of local Bacillus isolates to
control large wax moth larvae (Galleria mellonella L.) at GCSAR laboratory in 2012.
Infected larvae were collected from stored wax combs, and the bacteria Bacillus
genus were isolated from dead larvae, or that showing disease symptoms of black
brown spots on larvae cuticle. Bacterium was grown on T3 medium and identified
according to biochemical tests, and the efficacy of isolates was determined on pure
colonies of larvae. The results of biochemical tests showed that the isolates belong
to Bacillus thuringiensis. Isolates were different in pathogenicity. Bt5 isolate was
the most efficient to kill the larvae of large wax moth (72.4 %), and significantly
superior all other isolates (p ≤ 0.01). Bt1 isolate showed a significant difference
with control but non-significant difference with Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, Bt6 and Bt7 isolates.
The study was conducted in 2016. The samples of rice Oryza sativa L. straw
were collected from Dewania governorate/Iraq, and were brought to laboratory of
Directorate of Environmental and Water in Ministry of Science and Technology.
The samples we
re cleaned and milled, then stored in sterile containers. Local
cellulolytic bacterial isolate was cultivated and isolated on mineral and cellulose
medium, at 37 ºC for (24± 2) hours, the bacterial isolate was diagnosed as Bacillus sp.
depending on phenotypes of bacterial colonies on solid medium, microscopic
characters and some biochemical tests. Milled rice straw was chemically treated
with 1% of sodium hydroxide, then biological treatment by bacterial isolate Bacillus sp
cultivate in mineral medium with alkali treated rice straw as carbone source and
compared with cellulose standard medium. The bacterial growth was measured at
600 nm, which reached 0.974 in rice straw medium, while in cellulose medium
reached 0.853. For glucose concentration, the value reached 250 μg/ml in rice straw
medium, while in cellulose medium it was 210 μg/ml. The results concluded the
possibility of getting rid of rice husks, which is an environmental contaminant, and
to use it in the production of glucose.
Field experiment was carried out at Research Station of the Faculty of Agriculture,
Muthanna University, Iraq, during 2014/2015 season, to study the effect of adding
NPK, biofertilizers Bacillus Subtilis and Glomus Mosseae on the growth and
yield
of maize (Zea may L.). The treatments were i.e control (zero: no vaccine),
biofertilizers Bacillus subtilis treatments, Glomus mosseae, both biofertilizers (F0,
F1, F2 and F3), respectively, Three levels of NPK liquid fertilizer i.e. 0, 5000, 7500
mg )C0, C1, and C2 respectively). The experiment design was RCBD with three
replications arranged according to split plot.
The research was conducted in 2018 at Jeb Ramleh Research Station - Al-Ghab Research Center - General Authority of Scientific Agricultural Research The objective was to investigate the effect of three types of organic and biological fertilizers ( Ba
cillus , Humic acid and amino acids) , and four fertilization methods ( without , soaking , seeds, Plant irrigation, and leaf spraying ) and their interactions in some physiological traits of cotton line 124.
This research was conducted to study the effect of four bacterial strains (PGPR):
Pseudomonas chlororaphis MA342, Serratia plymuthica HRO-C48, Bacillussubtillis
B2g and B. subtillis FZB27 to improve the growth of tomato plants in the greenhouse.
B
acterial strains were applied to the seeds in a concentration of (1010 cfu/ml), of each
bacterial strain.
The study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of Pseudomonas chlororaphis MA342,
Serratia plymuthica HRO-C48K, Bacillus subtillis B2g, B. subtillis FZB27 to induce systemic
resistance in Tomato plants against Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) under
greenhouse conditions.
Tomato seeds submerged in suspension of Pseudomonas chlororaphis MA342, Serratia
plymuthica HRO-C48, Bacillus subtillis B2g and B. subtillis FZB27 9×109cfu . plants emerged
from these seed were inoculated with CMV after 10 days of planting. The time of beginning
symptoms was recorded, Disease incidence, disease severity, area under disease progress curve
AUDPC, progress of infection disease degrees during the study period were calculated using
virtual symptoms . pyroxidas enzyme activity was determined, Some growth parameters such as
Plant height, foliage fresh weight, root fresh weight , foliage dry weight, root dry weight were
observed after 30 DAI. Results of this study showed that seed treatment with Pseudomonas
chlororaphis MA342, Serratia .plymuthica HRO-C48, Bacillus subtillis B2g, B. subtillis FZB27
significantly decreased the diseases incidence on treated and inculated plants which ranged
between 40% - 66.66% ,compared with un treated and inculated control 93.33% Without the
presence of significant differences between the bacterial treatments. significantly decreased the
diseases severity on treated plants which ranged between 45.53 %- 62.2% compared with inculated
and un treated control 88.86% .Without the presence of significant differences between the
bacterial treatments. Peroxidas activity on treated plants increased by Compared with untreated
plants. Seed treatments with bacteria significantly increased the plant growth. The plant height ,
fresh and dry weight of foliage, fresh and dry weight of root on treated plants were significantly
higher than those of inculated and un-treated plants according to LSD 5%.where bacteria reduced
the rate of stunting and the rate of decline mild and dry weight of foliage and mild and dry weight
of the root occurring due to infection with the Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV).
The experimentes were conducted in tow fields are planted by tow diffrenet species of grape Alpetamouni species and ALhalawani
species to studuy the effecencey of Bacillus thuringiensis Bernner
var kurstaki in controlling Grape Berry Moth Lobesia botrana
Sch.(Lepidoptera,Tortricidae) in compered to insecticid Alpha cepermethrin100 and IGR Deflubenzuron.
