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Register a new userEnvironmental and Geographical Distribution of Geographical (Capparidaceae) Capparis Spinosa L. in Syria
التوزع الجغرافي و البيئي لنبات القبار الشوكي (Capparis spinosa L.(Capparidaceae في سورية
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2014
fields
Agricultural Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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أجري البحث في أربعة و عشرين موقعاً وجد فيها نبات القبار الشوكي, تم تمييز تحت نوعين للقبار في سورية, حيث وجد تحت النوع C. spinosa subsp. rupestris في سبعة مواقع أغلبها في المنطقة الجنوبية من البيئة السورية بينما وجد C. spinosa subsp. spinosa في سبعة عشر موقعاً من مواقع الدراسة في سورية. أظهرت نتائج التحليل الكيميائي أن ترب المواقع بكاملها غير متملحة في حين تراوحت قيمة pH التربة بين 6.9-8.4، وكانت التربة في أغلب المواقع طينية و طينية طميية. و اعتماداً على المعادلة المطرية الحرارية لــ Emberger تبين أن مواقع انتشار تحت أنواع القبار الشوكي في نطاق يمتد من الطابق البيومناخي الجاف جداً و حتى الطابق البيومناخي (رطب جداً عذب).
Research was carried out in (24) locations where two subspecies Capparis spinosa were recorded in Syria . The subspecie C. spinosa subsp. rupestris was found in seven locations, mostly in the southern region of the environment, while he found the Syrian C. spinosa subsp. spinosa in seventeen of the study sites in Syria. Chemical analysis showed that, the soils of all location were not salty and pH ranged between (6.9-8.4), Soils texture was clayey and clay loam in most locations. According dependant on equation of Emberger, it was found that distribution of subspecies Capparis spinosa were located in a wide range from bioclimatic very dry to semi- humid zone, through with dry, semi-dry, and Hyper humid zones.
References used
Emberger,L. A biogeographical classification of climates Research and work of Laboratory of Geology, Botany and Zoology Eds Faculty of Science Montpellier France 7 1966
Jafri, S. and S.Ali. Capparaceae. Pp. 1–20 in S. Jafri &S. Ali (editors), Flora of Libya, Vol. XII. Al Faateh University, Tripoli.1977
Mouterde, P.Nouvelle Flora du Liban et de la Syria. Tom2, Dar el- Marcherq,Editeurs,Liban. 1970
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Ecological and morphological characterization and geographical distribution of caper plant, Capparis spinosa L. samples collected from various parts of Syria were investigated during 2010-2014. The antioxidant contents of caper samples were analyzed and the genetic diversity and genetic relationship among the samples were determined using the ISSR technique
This present study was conducted to develop a detailed in vitro propagation
system for the medicinal shrub Capparis spinosa L.
Single nodes with one bud and a small part of stem of 1-1.5 cm long were
used as initial explants which were collected f
rom a shrubs grown under field
conditions at Damascus suburb., (Doumar). Explants were surface-disinfected
by 70% Ethanol for 1 min., followed by immersion in Sodium Hypochlorite or
HgCl2 for different periods and concentrations with 1 drop of Tween 20 for 100
ml disinfectant solution, where after, they were placed onto MS basal medium
containing a combination of growth regulators at different concentrations (BA
at 4.44 or 8.88 μM) each with IBA 0.49 μM. Cultures were incubated in the
growth room at 23±1 c and light intensity of 3000 lux at the cultures level.
Multiplication rate of 25.17-fold from one explant was achieved every 4 weeks
on the optimal MS medium (MS+8.88μM BA+0.49μM IBA).
The described method has potential to produce large numbers of plantlets
within a short period of time to expand its cultivation for medicinal uses.
Flower buds of capers were processed by some common methods as pickling,
salting, and other uncommon like freezing with and without blanching and canning. The
results showed that there was no microbiological growth in all methods since the fourth
month of storage. Best growth for lactobacillus bacteria was in 5% brine (8.2 × 106) and
then in 8% brine (1.2 × 106)CFU.g-1 . while there wasn’t any growth of this bacteria by
using other methods like using high concentration of salt 23%. On other hand, the results
showed that this bacteria existed in small account (1.4 × 102) and (1.1 × 102) CFU.g-1
after a week in brine 16% and the freezed sample respectively. There was no statistical
difference between the two storage solutions as there wasn̓ t any microbiological growth in
both of them through 8 months.
In the present study¸ twelve parameters of Capparis spinosa were studied which are: plant length¸
number of main branches¸ number of leaf doubles, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area¸ number of budes,
number of flowers, number of fruits, weight of t
he fruits, number of seeds, weight of seeds. Statistical
analysis have been done using mean¸ variation¸ A.F.C.
Samples of Capparis spinosa plant were collected from 6 sites in Aleppo and Lattakia
provinces. The genetic variations were studied using the AFLP technique in order to determine the
genotypes of the studied types using 3 primers, which showed ampl
ification. Statistical analyses
were conducted using the dissimilarity coefficient and genetic diversity coefficient. The A.C.P. and
the statistical -F were calculated, and the similarity dendrogram was constructed. The results
showed the following:
The presence of a certain number of specific alleles (descriminates) for each province.
The presence of genetic and reproductive isolation deterrent to gene flow between the two
provinces.
The heterozygoty average was a little higher in Lattakia (0.486) than in Aleppo (0.481). The
mean of genetic diversity coefficient of primers and individuals was a little higher in Aleppo
(0.677) than in Lattakia (0.653). The population mean was very close: (0.759) in Aleppo and
(0.760) in Lattakia. This may be explained on the basis of silent and specific alleles due to deletion
mutations, different selective effects as well as the reproduction system in the two cities.
The greatest genetic distance in Aleppo was (0.381) noted between (Al Dahea and Al Shekh
saaed), and in Lattakia (0.38) noted between (Al Amroniah and Jabla). However, the greatest
genetic similarity in Aleppo was (0.637) noted between (Al Shekh Saaed and Turkman Bareh), and
in Lattakia (0.675) noted between (Wata Deirzenon and Jabla). The variation between these values
was graduated.
The study of statistical –F showed the effect of the similarity factor in some populations.
This was more significant in Aleppo than in Lattakia, which indicates that the reproduction system
is more closed in Aleppo, and this refers as well to inbreeding or self pollination which showed
high genetic variations in these populations when compared with Lattakia.
The results of this study helped in determining primers that can be used as molecular
markers in a breeding program for Capparis spinosa as a medicinal plant. This technique showed
high efficiency in studying the similarity relationships between these two cities.
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