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A Comparative Study of Genetic Variations of Capparis Spinosa Using AFLP in the Two Cities of Aleppo and Lattakia in Syria

دراسة التباينات الوراثية عند نبات القبّار Capparis spinosa المنتشر في محافظتي حلب و اللاذقية باستخدام تقانة الــAFLP

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 Publication date 2014
  fields Biology
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Samples of Capparis spinosa plant were collected from 6 sites in Aleppo and Lattakia provinces. The genetic variations were studied using the AFLP technique in order to determine the genotypes of the studied types using 3 primers, which showed amplification. Statistical analyses were conducted using the dissimilarity coefficient and genetic diversity coefficient. The A.C.P. and the statistical -F were calculated, and the similarity dendrogram was constructed. The results showed the following: The presence of a certain number of specific alleles (descriminates) for each province. The presence of genetic and reproductive isolation deterrent to gene flow between the two provinces. The heterozygoty average was a little higher in Lattakia (0.486) than in Aleppo (0.481). The mean of genetic diversity coefficient of primers and individuals was a little higher in Aleppo (0.677) than in Lattakia (0.653). The population mean was very close: (0.759) in Aleppo and (0.760) in Lattakia. This may be explained on the basis of silent and specific alleles due to deletion mutations, different selective effects as well as the reproduction system in the two cities. The greatest genetic distance in Aleppo was (0.381) noted between (Al Dahea and Al Shekh saaed), and in Lattakia (0.38) noted between (Al Amroniah and Jabla). However, the greatest genetic similarity in Aleppo was (0.637) noted between (Al Shekh Saaed and Turkman Bareh), and in Lattakia (0.675) noted between (Wata Deirzenon and Jabla). The variation between these values was graduated. The study of statistical –F showed the effect of the similarity factor in some populations. This was more significant in Aleppo than in Lattakia, which indicates that the reproduction system is more closed in Aleppo, and this refers as well to inbreeding or self pollination which showed high genetic variations in these populations when compared with Lattakia. The results of this study helped in determining primers that can be used as molecular markers in a breeding program for Capparis spinosa as a medicinal plant. This technique showed high efficiency in studying the similarity relationships between these two cities.


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Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة التباينات الوراثية لنبات القبار Capparis spinosa المنتشر في محافظتي حلب واللاذقية باستخدام تقنية AFLP. جُمعت عينات من ست مناطق في المحافظتين وتم تحليلها باستخدام ثلاثة بادئات أظهرت مكاثرة للـ DNA. أظهرت النتائج وجود عدد معين من الألليلات التخصصية لكل محافظة، مما يدل على وجود عزل وراثي وتكاثري وعائق للتدفق المورثي بين المحافظتين. كانت قيمة التغايرية أعلى قليلاً في اللاذقية (0.486) مقارنة بحلب (0.481)، بينما كان متوسط معامل التنوع الوراثي أعلى قليلاً في حلب (0.677) مقارنة باللاذقية (0.653). أظهرت الدراسة أن نظام التكاثر في حلب أكثر انغلاقاً مقارنة باللاذقية، مما أدى إلى تباينات وراثية أعلى بين مجتمعات حلب. سمحت هذه الدراسة بتحديد بادئات يمكن استخدامها كمؤشرات جزيئية في برامج تحسين القبار كنبات طبي وغذائي.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تُعد هذه الدراسة مهمة في مجال علم الوراثة النباتية، حيث تسلط الضوء على التباينات الوراثية لنبات القبار في منطقتين مختلفتين. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض النقد البنّاء لتحسين الدراسة في المستقبل. أولاً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل مناطق أخرى في سوريا لزيادة شمولية النتائج. ثانياً، لم تتناول الدراسة بشكل كافٍ تأثير العوامل البيئية الأخرى التي قد تؤثر على التباينات الوراثية. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن استخدام تقنيات وراثية إضافية لتعزيز النتائج. وأخيراً، كان من الأفضل تضمين تحليل اقتصادي أو طبي لتطبيقات نتائج الدراسة في تحسين نبات القبار.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي التقنية المستخدمة في هذه الدراسة لتحليل التباينات الوراثية لنبات القبار؟

    تم استخدام تقنية AFLP لتحليل التباينات الوراثية لنبات القبار في هذه الدراسة.

  2. ما هي النتائج الرئيسية التي توصلت إليها الدراسة بشأن التباينات الوراثية بين محافظتي حلب واللاذقية؟

    أظهرت الدراسة وجود عدد معين من الألليلات التخصصية لكل محافظة، مما يدل على وجود عزل وراثي وتكاثري وعائق للتدفق المورثي بين المحافظتين.

  3. كيف كانت قيمة التغايرية في اللاذقية مقارنة بحلب؟

    كانت قيمة التغايرية في اللاذقية (0.486) أعلى قليلاً مقارنة بحلب (0.481).

  4. ما هو الدور الذي تلعبه البادئات التي تم تحديدها في الدراسة؟

    تلعب البادئات التي تم تحديدها دوراً كمؤشرات جزيئية يمكن استخدامها في برامج تحسين القبار كنبات طبي وغذائي.


References used
ABBASZADEH, B.; FARAHANI, H. A. ; VALADABADI, S. A. and MOAVENI, P: Investigation of variations of morphological values and flowering shoot yield in different mint species at Iran. Journal of Hortticulture and Forestry, Vol. 1, No17, 2009, 109-112
ABDEL-MAWGOOD, A. L.; ASSAEED, A.; ABDALLATIF, T: Genetic Diversity In An Isolated Population Of Capparis decidua. The Role of Biotechnology, 2005, 185-186
AGGARWAL, R. K., BRAR, D. S., NANDI, S., HUANG, N., KHUSH, G. S: Phylogenetic Relationships among Oryza Species Revealed by AFLP Markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 98: 1999, 1320-1328
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Ecological and morphological characterization and geographical distribution of caper plant, Capparis spinosa L. samples collected from various parts of Syria were investigated during 2010-2014. The antioxidant contents of caper samples were analyzed and the genetic diversity and genetic relationship among the samples were determined using the ISSR technique
Flower buds of capers were processed by some common methods as pickling, salting, and other uncommon like freezing with and without blanching and canning. The results showed that there was no microbiological growth in all methods since the fourth month of storage. Best growth for lactobacillus bacteria was in 5% brine (8.2 × 106) and then in 8% brine (1.2 × 106)CFU.g-1 . while there wasn’t any growth of this bacteria by using other methods like using high concentration of salt 23%. On other hand, the results showed that this bacteria existed in small account (1.4 × 102) and (1.1 × 102) CFU.g-1 after a week in brine 16% and the freezed sample respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two storage solutions as there wasn̓ t any microbiological growth in both of them through 8 months.
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