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Register a new userEffect of severity of pruning on yield of apple trees under high density system
تأثير شدة التقليم في إنتاج أشجار التفاح في نظام الزراعة الكثيف
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تم إجراء البحث على أشجار التفاح بعمر (10) سنوات مزروعة في منطقة الكفرون التابعة لمحافظة طرطوس, زراعة كثيفة و العائدة للصنفين Golden delicious و Starking delicious بهدف دراسة تأثير شدة التقليم الشتوي في إنتاج الأشجار خلال موسم (2012 – 2013) و كانت النتائج على الشكل التالي : 1- لم يلاحظ وجود أي تأثير لمعاملات التقليم المدروسة في محتوى الثمار من المواد الصلبة الذائبة الكلية و السكريات الكلية . 2- تفوقت معاملات التقليم على معاملة الشاهد في نسبة العقد في كلا الصنفين ففي الصنف Golden delicious بلغت قيمتها (40.75 – 33.20%) في معاملتي التقليم الشديد و الشاهد على التوالي, و في الصنف Starking delicious بلغت ( 29.80 – 26.30%) في معاملتي التقليم الشديد و الشاهد على التوالي, كما تفوقت معاملات التقليم على معاملة الشاهد في وزن الثمرة في كلا الصنفين ففي الصنف Golden delicious بلغت قيمتها ( 140.50 – 129.30) غ في معاملتي التقليم الشديد و الشاهد على التوالي و في الصنف Starking delicious بلغت ( 151.70 – 139.90) في معاملتي التقليم الشديد و الشاهد على التوالي . 3- أدت معاملات التقليم إلى تخفيض محتواها من الحموضة الكلية . 4- أدت معاملات التقليم إلى انخفاض إنتاج أشجار التفاح و كان مقدار الانخفاض في الصنف Golden delicious (14.19) % بينما وصل إلى (19.72 ) % في أشجار الصنف Starking delicious مقارنة مع الشاهد .
This research was carried out on (10) years old ( Golden delicious & Starking delicious ) apple trees . which were planted in AlKafron region – Tartus Governorate under high density system . The research aims to study the effect of severity of dormant pruning on yield of apple trees during (2012-2013) . There were the results were found : 1- There wasn't any effect of pruning treatments on total soluble solids content or total sugars . 2- Pruning treatments were better than control in fruit set in both cultivars , in Golden delicious, were ( 40.75 - 33.20 %) in severe Pruning and control, respectively , in starking delicious , were (31.35 – 26.30 %) in severe Pruning and control, respectively , and Pruning treatments were better than control in average of weight fruit in both cultivars , in Golden delicious, were (140.50-129.30) g in severe Pruning and control, respectively , in starking delicious , were (151.70-139.90) g in severe Pruning and control, respectively . 3- Pruning treatments resulted to reduce total acidity content . 4- Pruning treatments resulted to reduce yield by (14.19-19.72)% in Golden delicious and starking delicious , respectively , comparing with control .
References used
BARDEN, J . A ; DELVALLE , T . B ; S.C. MYERS , S.C. Growth and fruiting of ‘Delicious’ apple trees as affected by severity and season of pruning. J. Amer. Soc. Hort Sci. 114, 1989, 184-186
COSTA , C. G ; BELTRAME , J . P. ZERBINI , K . A ; PIANEZZOLA , R . D. 2001, High Density Planted Apple Orchards Effects on Yield , Performance and Fruit Quality , ISHS Acta Horticulturae 451 , 2001
ELFVING , D.C. Growth and productivity of ‘Empire’ apple trees following a single heading-back pruning treatment. HortScience 25. 1990,908-910
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The experiment was conducted in Tal Sakrah region, which is located
approximately (25) km west of Hasakah city , for two successive years by using
trees which are planted since 1988, and belong to Henry Clay variety, the most
cultivated variety in
this region.
This work was conducted to study the effect of two levels (50 and 75%) of
pruning on flowering (number of clusters, number of flowers, diameter of
flowers, flower-stem length) of three cultivars (Emile Mouillère - Nikko Blue -
Pia) of Hydrangea ma
crophylla. Pruning was done on the shrubs of four years
old in addition to a control without pruning. Results indicated that there were
differences among cultivars in response to the proportion of pruning. Emile
Mouillère, a cultivar with white flowers, the results showed an increase in the
proportion of pruning was associated with a reduction the number of fully
developed inflorescences per plant compared to control. For Nikko Blue, a
cultivar with blue flowers, the results showed that level (75%) was the best in
all studied indicators while for Pia, a cultivar with deep pink flowers, the
results showed that pruning with 50% level was the best in all productivity
indicators.
In this research, we have studied the effects of some summer pruning at the
mid June and Juli, in addition to the common periodical winter pruning during
February.
Both studies were done to evaluate calcium concentration of fruits, quality
and yi
eld the apearance of physiological disorders during the storage and
fruits. Experiments were conducted on 8 year apple trees of Starking Delicious
and Golden Delicious, which are sensiitve to laek of calcium and as a result
caused bitter-pit as an important physiological disorder on apple fruits.
Summer pruning of apple trees at mid june increases their content of
calcium and their colors, also decreases physiological disorder, weight loss
during storage, without affecting the annual yield of trees.
Accorrding to the attained results, we recommend the farmers of apple trees
to follow summer pruning, because of its benefits on improving the condition of
trees and achieving the balance between vegetative and generative growth, and
reduced the alternate Summer pruning. Also improve the quality of fruits, their
storability and their resistance for some physiological disorders during storage.
The study was conducted in 2011 on 6-years-old citrus trees "Washington navel
141". It contained four treatments with three replicates for each treatment. The results
showed that:
The wastewater treatments showed superiority on the control in the
number of
vegetative growth and its length.
The number of inflorescence buds, was increased in the second treatment (irrigation
with 50% treated wastewater +50% normal water) (5. 37) which dominated the other
treatments.
The weight of fruit was affected by treated wastewater irrigation. Second treatment
(irrigation with 50%treated wastewater+50 % normal water) was better than the control
treatment. It was increased by (308. 3 g) compared to (259. 5 g) for the control treatment.
Fruit yield production per tree, was increased by second treatment (irrigation with
50% treated wastewater+50 % normal water) (28. 9kg) compared to (15. 3kg) for the
control.
Treated wastewater irrigation had positive effects in the quality of fruit
(Total sugar %), (T. S. S %) and the coefficient of maturity were increased in second and
third treatment compared to other treatments, while (T. A %) was decreased in all
wastewater treatments.
The research was conducted during the growing season in 2013-
2014 in Bssiren Hama. In a split- plot design: the varieties were
main plots (asgro, rama, Muncipal) and the sowing dates were subplots (15\11;30\11;15\12 and 30\12) and the densities we
re subplots (20 plant\m2, 13.33 plant\m2). The early planting went to Significant increase in the days to germination, long time of fruit; the number of days to flowering and the number of days to fruiting; Plant height; Number of branches plant ; weight of pod; number of pods plant; dressing percentage; Yield of green pods plant and
Yield of green pods. While the high density was observed
Significant increase in the Plant height; Number of branches plant;
weight of pod; number of pods plant; and Yield of green pods
plant, while the low density was observed Significant increase in the Yield of green pods. The Asgro variety was obtained at Rama and Muncipal varieties in the number of branches plant; number of pods; Yield of green pods plant and, while the Rama variety was obtained by the plant height, and non- significant results were found among varieties by the weight of pod. The positive results also showed in the interaction among factors.
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