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Register a new userEstimation of Heterosis and combining ability for yield and some fruit traits in tomato hybrids (Lycopersicom esculentum Mill.)
تقدير قوة الهجين و المقدرة على الائتلاف لصفة الإنتاجية و بعض صفات الثمار في هجن من البندورة (Lycopersicom esculentum Mill.)
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نفذ البحث في محطة بحوث الجماسة، التابعة لمركز البحوث العلمية الزراعية في طرطوس- سورية، خلال الموسمين 2013-2014 ، بهدف تقدير قوة الهجين و المقدرة على الائتلاف لصفة الإنتاجية، و بعض صفات الثمار, و ذلك في خمسة عشر هجيناً فردياً، مستنبطاً بطريقة التهجين نصف المتبادل بين ست سلالات من البندورة في عام 2013، ثم تم تقييم الهجن مع آبائها عام 2014. أظهرت النتائج أن أغلب الهجن قد تميزت بقوة هجين عالية المعنوية قياساً لمتوسط الأبوين، و للأب الأفضل لكافة الصفات المدروسة, إذ وصلت قوة الهجين إلى (87.76, 50.13)% لصفة إنتاجية النبات الواحد, و (71.44, 43.09)% لصفة متوسط وزن الثمرة, و (19.67, 12.31)% لصفة طول الثمرة, و (38.21, 21.43)% لصفة عرض الثمرة, و (32.5, 20.46)% لصفة عدد الحجيرات في الثمرة قياساً بمتوسط الأبوين و أفضلهما على الترتيب. لقد تفوقت معنوياً ثلاثة هجن هي: Ou×H) ) و (Ou×W)، و إضافةً إلى الهجين (Or×H) التي يمكن أن تعد هجناً واعدة لهذه الصفات، شريطة تميزها أيضاً في الصفات الاقتصادية الأخرى. لقد كان التباين العائد لكل من المقدرة العامة و الخاصة على الائتلاف ذا دلالة إحصائية عالية لكافة الصفات المدروسة؛ مما يدل على أن كلا نمطي التفاعل الوراثي, التراكمي و اللا تراكمي قد تحكما في توريث هذه الصفات. كما بينت نسبة σ2GCA/σ2SCA تغلب الفعل الوراثي التراكمي على اللا تراكمي في صفات عرض الثمرة ، و عدد حجيراتها ، و متوسط وزنها, في حين تغلب الفعل الوارثي اللا تراكمي في صفتي الإنتاجية و طول الثمرة.
The research was conducted at Al-Jmmaseh station – the Agricultural Research Center in Tartous- to estimate heterosis, combining ability of yield and some fruit traits. Fifteen hybrids were produced by half diallel crossing method in 2013. These were evaluated in 2014. Most hybrids were characterized by highly significant heterosis values for all the studied traits compared with mid parents and better parents. Heterosis reached (87.76, 50.13)% for yield per plant, (71.44, 43.09)% for average of fruit weight, (19.67, 12.31)% for fruit length, (38.21, 21.43)% for fruit diameter, and (32.5, 20.46)% for number of locules per fruit in comparison with mid parents and better parents respectively. The best hybrids were: (Ou×H) (Ou×W) (Or×H) and maybe they could be promising hybrids if they had superiority in other important traits. Variance due to general and specific combining ability were highly significant for all traits. This ensured that both types of genetic action (additive and non-additive) controlled the inheritance of these traits. σ2GCA/σ2SCA ratio of the additive genetic action overcame the one of non-additive cation in these traits: number of locules per fruit, average of fruit weight and fruit diameter, while the non-additive genetic action was superior in fruit length and total yield.
References used
(AGARWAL,A.,ARYA,D.N., RANJAN,R., AHMED, ZAKWAN. Heterosis, combining ability and gene action for yield and quality traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Helix Vol. 2:511- 515 (2014
El-GABRY, M. A. H., SOLIEMAN, T. I. H., ABIDO ,A .I. A. Combining ability and heritability of some tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae167(2014)153–157
FAO, Plant genetic ressource for food and agriculture. Rome, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.2010
FARZANE,AKRAM.,NEMATI,HOSSEIN., AROUIEE,HOSSEIN., KAKHKI,AMIN MIRSHAMSI., VAHDATI,NAVID. The Estimate of Combining Ability and Heterosis for Yield and Yield Components in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). J. BIOL. ENVIRON. SCI., 2012, 6(17), 129-134
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This study was carried out through the cooperation between the Faculty of
Agriculture Tishreen University and the General Commission of Agricultural Scientific
Researches in Hama during 2013 and 2014 successive seasons.
Eight soft wheat(Triticumae
stivum)genotypes were crossed using half diallel method
.The(28) crosses were grown along with their parents in randomized complete block with
three replications to estimate general combiningability , specific combining ability, and
both mid and high parent heterosis for number of spikes /plant , number of grains /spike ,
thousand grain weight and grain yield.
The results indicated that both additive and non- additive types of gene action were
important in the inheritance of traits under study with preponderance of additive gene
effects for number of grains /spike and thousand grain weight,Non – additive gene effects
were pronounced in the inheritance of number of spikes /plant and grain yield.
High general combiners for thesecharacters were obtained and the most important
parents were: Bohouth 4- Douma 44828-Acsad1115- Golan2.
Many positive specific combiners having both mid and high parent heterosis and
derived from positive general combiners were obtained such as(Golan2×Cham10) –
(Acsad1115×Douma4)(Douma44828×Golan2) and (Douma 2×Golan2).
Results also indicated that some hybrids: (Douma44828×Golan2) (Bohouth6×Douma4)
(Douma44828×Cham10) (Douma2×Acsad1115) had heterosis compared to higher parent
for number of spikes /plant , number of grains / spike , Thousand grain weight and grain
yield..
This study was carried out during 2010-2011 growing seasons at the
Maize Researches Department (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus. To estimate
heterosis for number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, 100- kernel
weight, and grain yield.
This study was conducted at the General Commission Of Scientific
Agricultural Research (GCSAR) for tow consecutive years, 2000-2001, to
estimate the heterosis of some sorghum hybrids utilizing cytoplasmic male
sterility technique, and to determine
the behavior of the parents used in
hybridization concerning their relation to the cytoplasmic male sterility.
Hybrids were planted in a randomized complete block design, including 43
hybrids in tow replications.
The results showed variation among parents characters, because they were
selected from different environments and also differ in genetic components.
positive heterosis was recorded form crosses involved foreign parents with
local ones, or foreign hybridized with foreign. positive heterotic values for
earliness and productivity were obtained .
The genetic constitution of the male parent was assessed as R-line (restoring
of the A-line), and B-line (maintainer of the A-line).
دراسة السلوكية الوراثية لصفة صلابة الثمار في هجن نصف تبادلية من البندورة ( Lycopersicom esculentum Mill )
A half diallel making design was used to determine combining ability and heterosis of six
chickpea lines and their hybrid combinations with R.C.B.D. in three replication for seed
yield per plant, number of pods per branch, pods number per plant, fi
rst pod height and
100- seed weight, during 2015 and 2016 seasons, at the research Center of Al-Gab
(G.C.S.A.R). Genotypes, general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean
squares were significant for all studied traits. The ratio σ2
GCA / σ2
SCA were detected for all
traits and showed that non- additive gene action was more important than additive gene
action in controlling all studied traits. GCA effects showed that the lines الإسباني was good
general combiner for traits:seed yield per plant, pods per plant, 100- seed weight, days to
maturity, protein per cent. SCA effects showed that(Algerian×Spanish) hybrid was the
good specific combiner for seed yield per plant, pods per plant, 100- seed weight, harvest
index. On the other side(Algerian×Spanish) was showed significant desirable heterosis
values for seed yield per plant and 100- seed weight, days to maturity, harvest index.
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