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Combining ability analysis for seed yield and some yield compenents traits in six lines of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

القدرة على الائتلاف للغلة البذرية و بعض مكوناتها لست سلالات من الحمص (Cicer arietinum L.)

1177   0   16   0.0 ( 0 )
 Publication date 2018
  fields Field Crops
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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A half diallel making design was used to determine combining ability and heterosis of six chickpea lines and their hybrid combinations with R.C.B.D. in three replication for seed yield per plant, number of pods per branch, pods number per plant, first pod height and 100- seed weight, during 2015 and 2016 seasons, at the research Center of Al-Gab (G.C.S.A.R). Genotypes, general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean squares were significant for all studied traits. The ratio σ2 GCA / σ2 SCA were detected for all traits and showed that non- additive gene action was more important than additive gene action in controlling all studied traits. GCA effects showed that the lines الإسباني was good general combiner for traits:seed yield per plant, pods per plant, 100- seed weight, days to maturity, protein per cent. SCA effects showed that(Algerian×Spanish) hybrid was the good specific combiner for seed yield per plant, pods per plant, 100- seed weight, harvest index. On the other side(Algerian×Spanish) was showed significant desirable heterosis values for seed yield per plant and 100- seed weight, days to maturity, harvest index.


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Research summary
تناولت الدراسة التي أجراها د. صالح قبيلي ود. سمير علي الأحمد ونسور محمد في عام 2018 في مركز بحوث الغاب في سوريا، تحليل القدرة على الائتلاف وقوة الهجين لست سلالات من الحمص (Cicer Arietinum L.). تم تنفيذ التهجين نصف المتبادل بين السلالات الست في الموسم الزراعي 2015، وتم تقييم الهجن الناتجة والآباء في الموسم الزراعي 2016. أظهرت النتائج تباينًا معنويًا في الصفات المدروسة، مما يشير إلى التباعد الوراثي بين السلالات الأبوية. كما أظهرت النتائج أن الفعل الوراثي اللاتراكمي كان المسيطر على وراثة الصفات المدروسة. حققت السلالة الإسبانية قدرة عامة جيدة على التوافق لعدة صفات منها الغلة البذرية، عدد القرون، وزن مائة بذرة، وعدد الأيام اللازمة للنضج. كما تميز الهجين الجزائري×الإسباني بقدرة خاصة جيدة على التوافق لعدة صفات. توصلت الدراسة إلى أن استخدام السلالات الإسبانية والعراقية والسورية1 في برامج التربية يمكن أن يسهم في تحسين إنتاجية الحمص في وحدة المساحة.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر الدراسة شاملة ومهمة في مجال تحسين إنتاجية الحمص، حيث تناولت تحليل القدرة على الائتلاف وقوة الهجين لست سلالات مختلفة. ومع ذلك، كان يمكن تعزيز الدراسة بإضافة مزيد من التفاصيل حول الظروف البيئية التي أجريت فيها التجارب، وكذلك تأثير هذه الظروف على النتائج. كما أن الدراسة لم تتناول بشكل كافٍ تأثير العوامل البيئية المختلفة على الأداء الوراثي للسلالات والهجن. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان يمكن أن تكون هناك توصيات أكثر تحديدًا حول كيفية تطبيق النتائج في برامج التربية العملية لتحسين إنتاجية الحمص.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة؟

    الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو تحليل القدرة العامة والخاصة على التوافق وقوة الهجين لصفة الغلة البذرية وبعض مكوناتها في ست سلالات من الحمص.

  2. ما هي النتائج الرئيسية التي توصلت إليها الدراسة؟

    أظهرت النتائج تباينًا معنويًا في الصفات المدروسة، وسيطرة الفعل الوراثي اللاتراكمي على وراثة الصفات. كما حققت السلالة الإسبانية قدرة عامة جيدة على التوافق لعدة صفات، وتميز الهجين الجزائري×الإسباني بقدرة خاصة جيدة على التوافق.

  3. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة؟

    أوصت الدراسة باستخدام السلالات الإسبانية والعراقية والسورية1 في برامج التربية الهادفة إلى استنباط أصناف هجينة عالية الغلة في وحدة المساحة.

  4. ما هي أهمية استخدام تقنية التهجين نصف التبادلي في الأبحاث الوراثية؟

    تساعد تقنية التهجين نصف التبادلي في دراسة وراثة الصفات الهامة وتحديد السلالات المتفوقة لاستخدامها في برامج تطوير الهجن، مما يسهم في تحسين إنتاجية المحاصيل.


References used
AHMED, B; M. ARSHAD; SHARIF, A; A.M. HAQNI and NAJMA, S. Heterosis and heritability studies in Chickpea Cicer arietinum L. Pak.J.Bot.,Vol. 33,No. 6, 2001, 685- 690
AHMED, B; SHAHID, R. M; UMER, I and WAEED, A. Heterosis and heritability studies for superior segregants selection in chickpea. Pak.J.Bot.,Vo. 39,No. 7, 2007, 2443- 2449
ALI, M. A; N. N. NAWAB; G. RASOOL and M. SALEEM . Estimates of Variability and Correlations for Quantitative Traits in Cicer arietinum L. J. Agri. Soc. Sci., 4,4, 2008, 177 – 179
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A half diallel making design was used to determine combining ability and heterosis of six chickpea lines and their hybrid combinations with R.C.B.D. in three replication for seed yield per plant, number of pods per branch, pods number per plant, fi rst pod height and 100- seed weight, during 2015 and 2016 seasons, at the research Center of Al-Gab (G.C.S.A.R). Genotypes, general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean squares were significant for all studied traits. The ratio σ2 GCA / σ2 SCA were detected for all traits and showed that non- additive gene action was more important than additive gene action in controlling all studied traits. GCA effects showed that the lines P2(IL.10158) was good general combiner for number of pods per branch and plant, also, 100- seed weight where, P3 (IL.5883) and P4(IL.4) were good general combiner for first pod height and seed yield per plant, respectively. SCA effects showed that(P1×P2) hybrid was the best F1 crosses combination for seed yield per plant. On the other side (P1×P2), (P1×P4) and (P2×P4) were showed positive and significant heterosis values for seed yield per plant and 100- seed weight also first pod height and number of pod per branch and plant respectively.
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the Mediterranean climate can experience two types of drought: intermittent drought stress and terminal drought stress. A study was conducted during early August 2002 to early April 2003 under glasshouse conditions , to study the response of six chickpea genotypes, four Kabuli and two Desi, to soil moisture levels.
A study was conducted to evaluate the diversity among chickpeas accessions collected from Jordan for some morpho-agronomic traits, specially yield and its components. The evaluated material consisted of 137 accessions and three improved cultivars released in Jordan. The study was conducted at the Jordan University of Science and Technology Research Station using the augmented design. Some of the parameters used in the evaluation included the mean, standard deviation, range, coefficient of variation, diversity index. Also, a dendrogram to establish the relationship among locations where landraces were originally developed. Results indicated the presence of significant variability for all traits under investigation. Diversity index values (H′) exceeded 0.50 for all characters with the highest value for biological yield (0.84), followed by lowest pod height (0.82), grain yield (0.78), and straw yield (0.78). The following accessions were found to be superior over the improved cultivars in one or more of the studied characters: ILC 6941, ILC 6938, ILC 4411, and ILC 4096. These are important genetic resources for breeders to improve the chickpea crop. The results indicated the importance of the local landraces as a source of genetic variability that should be conserved, evaluated and utilized by breeders to improve the crop productivity and quality.
The research was carried out in the biotechnology Laboratory at the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, in cooperation with the General Commission For Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), during the year 2012. Eleven genotypes of cul tivated chickpea were planted to determine their genetic diversity and the degree of genetic similarity using the ISSR technique. 16 primers were used for this purpose. Results indicated that Nine primers proved their effectiveness in showing polymorphism among the genotypes examined and the primers gave a total of 91 alleles with a polymorphic percentage of 93.4%. The number of bands for each primer varied from a minimum of 2 bands for the primers ISSR7-ISSR13 to a maximum of 16 bands for the primer ISSR11, with an average of 9.1 bands per a primer. The results also showed that the degree of genetic similarity ranged between 46 and 78%, where the highest was 78% between the genotypes of Afghanistan – Morocco, then 77% between the genotypes Tunisia-Afghanistan and Tunisia- Iran and followed by Spain- Iran and Spain- Pakistan (50%) and the lowest was 46% between genotypes Afghanistan- Pakistan.
This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University. Because of the importance of the food and economic of chickpea, two Winter chickpea cultivars (Ghab 4, Ghab 5) and two Vernal chickpea culti vars were used (ILC263, ILC1929) and planted in pots until flowering, so the floral buds were picked before opened and washed with distilled water and alcohol three times. Anthers were separated and treated at preliminary temperatures (4 Cْ for 48 hours, and 35 Cْ for 12 hours), then it washed with a solution of hypochlorite of sodium( Naocl 2%) for a period of 15 minute, and washed with distilled sterilized water ,then where planted on the environment Murashige and Skoog ( MS) equipped with 1, 3 and 5 mg/L of auxin 2,4, D, as well as 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg /L of Cytokinin Benzyl Amino Purine( BAP) individually and with interaction between them and incubated under conditions of 27 Cْ and 75% of the humidity and the intensity of 1500 Lux of light for 16 hours. The main objective of research was to study the effect of both preliminary heating treatment , quality and concentration of used hormone on producing callus from used chickpea cultivars anthers. Results showed difference in cultivars response in the treatment of both temperature and single hormone, so Ghab 5 cultivar was the most responsive to the formation of callus, while the results indicated that the highest percentage of the formation of callus was 40% when treated at 4 Cْ of Ghab 4 and Ghab 5 cultivars, while ILC263 cultivar showed less response in all the individual treatments for growth regulators. As well as results showed that the significant and catalyst role for using of hormones together with heat treatment, where each of Ghab 5, Ghab 4 and ILC1929 cultivars were the superiority, by the arrival of the percentage of 80% and 60%, respectively.

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