Abstract We introduce a theoretical framework for understanding and predicting the complexity of sequence classification tasks, using a novel extension of the theory of Boolean function sensitivity. The sensitivity of a function, given a distribution
over input sequences, quantifies the number of disjoint subsets of the input sequence that can each be individually changed to change the output. We argue that standard sequence classification methods are biased towards learning low-sensitivity functions, so that tasks requiring high sensitivity are more difficult. To that end, we show analytically that simple lexical classifiers can only express functions of bounded sensitivity, and we show empirically that low-sensitivity functions are easier to learn for LSTMs. We then estimate sensitivity on 15 NLP tasks, finding that sensitivity is higher on challenging tasks collected in GLUE than on simple text classification tasks, and that sensitivity predicts the performance both of simple lexical classifiers and of vanilla BiLSTMs without pretrained contextualized embeddings. Within a task, sensitivity predicts which inputs are hard for such simple models. Our results suggest that the success of massively pretrained contextual representations stems in part because they provide representations from which information can be extracted by low-sensitivity decoders.
Arabic grammar has origins and rules that grammarians have worked out
and adjusted. This research deals with an issue of Arabic grammar which is
the issue of 'Appreciation'.
This research seeks mainly to clarify the concept of appreciation and how
grammarians defined it.
The aim of this paper is to study and generalize some results that related by the complete continuity of the urysohn.s operator of two variables on a set on which a lebesgue meagure is defined and study uniform convergence sequence of the urysohn .s.
operators that defined by functions using convergence meager Depending on caratheodory condition of measurable sets .
This paper reinvestigate the Economic Value Added(EVA), as a performance
measure of the organization's ability to create value. This measure is suggested to be used
as an alternative to the traditionally indicators based on the profitability of the
se
organizations.
The paper introduce the concept of EVA, the reasons of its appearance from both
theoretically and accounting view, the positive and negative points resulting from the use
of it by reviewing the most important studies on practical experiences of this measure.
The application of this measure has been done on the companies which is listed in
the Egypt Stock Exchange, to study the relationship between this measure and share price,
and the extent of its ability to interpret the changes in the prices of shares of these
companies during the period 2011-2014.
The study concluded that there are no statistically significant differences between the
stock prices of these companies and the economic value added, and therefore the
ineffectiveness of this measure as atool to evaluate the performance of these companies
and motivate managers.
In fact, the modern stage is one of the most important stages throughout the human
as it is during this phase is determined by effervescence personal inclinations and selfcomposed
and culture and highlight the social relations on the yard of his li
fe. Child today
is a man of tomorrow. And if they hauled him protection and affection, and security and
care and free upbringing innate or acquired, and we have provided to him for safe living,
including food and clothing and health condition-free organic diseases and psychiatric we
were able to build a new man with a social tendencies is hostile against the other or against
society and we stepped away from him through the deviation.
The Syrian Juveniles Act launched in the event of the arrest of the principle of the
benefit of the event, and did not set conditions and special controls limit the power of the
judge to appreciate this interest, and authorized the detention for all events, regardless of
the crime committed. Fearing the possibility of the occurrence of any abuse by the judge,
on the basis of legal logic, should put special conditions arrest event and determine the
scope and restricted to juveniles who have completed fifteen, when committed a felony and
clear-cut enough of primary significance to condemn the event. As it is unreasonable to
make such a restraining order against the dangerous and the rest of the events action, while
it does not apply to them any penalty involving freedom, but apply to them reform
measures provided for in Article IV of the Juvenile Delinquents Act. And must seek out an
educational character of alternative measures and reform, would replace the detention and
arrest.
Content based 2Dcerebral digital subtraction angiography(DSA) images retrieval
system has been built. The systemfinds and retrieves images fromcerebral DSA imagedatabase(
Cerebral Sacular Aneurysms) which have a similar content to a query image.
R
etrieval is done by extracting the visual shape features of cerebral saccular aneurysms
from a query image, formulating them in a feature vector, comparing feature vector
components with those of the cerebralDSA images in the database. Similarity measures
using Euclidian distanceare computed,based on the similarity measures, images which
have a similar content to the query image are retrieved. Resolution has been calculated by
finding the ratio between cerebral sacular aneurysm area in first retrieved image to cerebral
sacular aneurysm area in the query image for the eight query process which have been
done, average resolution was 98%. Results indicates that the designed content based image
retrieval could be used to calculate unknown cerebral saccular aneurysms area from a
cerebral saccular aneurysms database images whose areas are known.
This essay displays one of probabilities at Geographical
Information System (GIS) as a decision support system to select
the best way to carry project's remainders (excavations and
garbage of works), in addition to observing topographic
character
istics of the study area and the nature of roads which are
existed formerly and imposed bonds at the movement of machines
as free as possible, As a result, we will obtain the saving
economical way to carry, which is a tied goal equation with
groups of related bonds about the actual of different ways, and
that is accomplished by Geographical Information System.
Therefore, it is possible to consider this system as a help tool to
improve the effective of approval decision to shorting time at
engineering projects.
This study aimed at arranging the items of cognitive abilities test (primary battery)
by using Rash s one parameter model , In addition ,different forms for interpreting the
individuals level of ability were carried out. The test was conducted on a
sample of (1081)
students from Lattakia schools and kindergarten . using "SPSS" program and Winsteps for
statistical treatment in accordance with Rasch Model. The results showed the necessity of
omitting (38) items of cognitive abilities test because they were not fitting the model. The
remain items that were left were (172). And proved the validity and the reliability of the
test. Moreover, the present study form criteria for percentiles rank, T scores, and
standardized intelligent quiescent that equal for the different individual ability.
The aim of this paper is to study and generalize some results that related by compactness and continuity of Urysohn.S operator of two variables on a set on which a lebesgue measure is defined and using the norm that achieved some certain con
ditions and study uniform convergence sequence of Urysohn.S. operators that defined by functions using conver -gence In measure depending on Caratheodory condition of measurable sets and obtain similar results related by continuity and compactness conditions of optional operator that achieved Urysohn .S operator.
Content Based Medical Image Retrieval (CBMIR) systems are a new technique which researchers aim to integrate with Computer Aided Diagnosis systems. These systems usually find and retrieve images from a large image-database which have a similar conten
t to a query image. Retrieval is done by extracting the visual features from the query image, formulating them in a features vector, comparing features vector components with those of the images in the database, and then, similarity measures are computed. Based on the similarity measures, images which have a similar content to the query image are retrieved. The introduced analysis study surveys and analyzes the current status of the CBMIR systems, evaluates our findings from this survey, and concludes some specific research directions in this field.
