The study was conducted on winter date (15th of Febraury), during 2015 and
2016 seasons, to study the effect of spraying calcium chloride CaCl2
concentrations (2, 4, and 6%), on the manufacture traits assigned in randomized
completely block design (RCBD) with four replicates.
Experiments were conducted on field (2014) for knowing the effect
of nitrogenous fertilizers (Ammonium Nitrate, Urea, Ammonium
Sulfate) in increased concentrations with
two ways of fertilization (Scattered, local) in growth of the young
Beet plan
ts class Dita (dry weight, density rooty, content of soil and
plant from nitrogen) under condition of soil and climate in Deir
Ezoor.
The study included the reality of marketing crop sugar beet in Syria in general, and
in al ghabb 's area , in particular, has shown results that the problems and difficulties of
marketing sugar beet back to the non-compliance of farmers date of Agr
iculture
appropriate and space devoted to the cultivation of the crop sugar beet and assessed by the
General Authority to manage and develop Al Ghabb's area, in addition to the failure of the
extension units in turn supply the deadline cards provide timely and sufficient quantities to
farmers as a result of the process control system of favoritism in the distribution of cards
supply extension units.
In addition to the low energy manufacturing to the sugar mill, and its inability to
absorb the quantities produced in excess of the agricultural plan, along with breakdowns
lab frequent result gave the mechanisms used in it, and the need for frequent maintenance,
and low efficiency of some sections of the lab, and the control system favoritism determine
the degree of sweetness, as shown by the results Search also "high production and
marketing costs for sugar beet crop and is higher than its price.
The research was carried out at Agricultural Scientific Research Center of Hama
in tow season 2010/2011. Aiming to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization and
planting date on some Productive and Technological characters of sugar beet Mono
g
erm(Simper cultivar) and Multi germ (HM10 cultivar). Results showed an effect of
fertilization on productive and technological characters of sugar beet. Increasing the rate of
nitrogen fertilizer to 250kg N.ha¹ caused a significant increase in root yield and actual
sugar yield (12.88 , 12.15 ton . ha¹) respectively, but it badly affected the sugar content in
the roots, juice polarity and juice purity (14.68, 15.95, 80.45%) respectively. Mono germ
Simper was found significantly superior compared to Multi germ HM10 in root yield, Brix,
root sugar content and juice polarity. Results showed that planting date 1/11 was found
significantly superior compared to dates 1/10, 15/10 for root yield, Brix, juice purity,
actual sugar yield. In conclusion, Simper (Mono germ) was suitable in planting date 1/11 at
nitrogen level of (200-250kg N.ha¹).
The field experiment was conducted Al Raqqa research station, the General
Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research (GCSAR),. during the
2011/2012- growng season to compare quality traits of four monogerm fodder
beet varieties, i.e. Jamon, Sp
lendids, Starmon and Vermon. The experiment
was run in Autumn during November and in Winter during January.
Experiment was carried out in accordance with the split plot design with three
replications. The results of the comparison test T-Test preference fodder beet
cultivation in the autumn compared with winter, but by a small percentage in
most of the quality traits. The results also showed that the monogerm variety
Vermon was the best in most of the quality traits as compared with the other
varieties, followed by Starmon. It was recomended to cultivate fodder beet in
both autumn and winter under Al Raqqa conditions, but after conducting a
complementary researches concerns the other agricultural treatments as, lifting
time, plant spacing, fertilization …etc, and to test more monogerm and
multigerm varieties from different sources.
This research was carried out at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in AL-Gab during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 seasons in fall. The experiment was laid according to split plot design with three replicates, to study the effect of potassium fert
ilization on the technological and productive properties of two varieties of sugar beet (Suprima, D.S. 9004) in AL-Gab area. Four levels of potassium fertilization (0-120-170-220 kg K2O/h) were used. The results showed that the addition of potassium fertilization significantly improved the qualitative and quantitative properties of sugar beet. The higher sucrose (%), yield of root (ton/h) and white sucrose (ton/h) were at the potassium level 170 Kg K2O/h which reached 16.18%, 83.02 ton/h and 11.65 ton/h respectively.
Polymyxa betae is an important vector of many viral diseases and
widespread in Syria. It was necessary to determine the host rang of Syria's
isolate of the P. betae in the local plant species and their role as alternate host to
P. betae, as well a
s its role to transfer the P. betae to sugar beet cv. 186
dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plant species were collected during the
years 2007 - 2010 from sugar beet fields with a focus on Rhizomania infected
fields regardless the planted crop. 10 dicotyledonous and two
monocotyledonous plant species were positively tested with naturally infection
of Polymyxa spp. In addition, 106 dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plant
species kindly provided by the BASF AG (Germany) were tested in soil infected
with Syrian isolate of P. betae only. After microscopic examination only 23
dicotyledonous plants species belong to 10 families were positively tested with
P. betae. This study showed for the first time the infection of Cabbage, Brassica
oleracea and Radish, Raphanus sativus with P. betae. All Weeds were infected
with Syrian isolate of P. betae were able to transfer it to the roots of sugar beet.
Some of weed species which show in Literature that potentially-infected with P.
betae did not infect with Syrian isolate.
The efficacy of insecticide and plant extracts were tested against beet flea
beetle, Chaetocnema tibialis (Illiger) during 2008 and 2009 seasons. Six
pesticides were evaluated against beet flea beetle, results showed that Cyperino
gave the highest
effective percentage (90.88) followed by Cypermethrin
(90.69%), in comparison with Nimadol (49.35%) after two weeks of treatment.
Four plant extracts were evaluated against beet flea beetle in comparison with
Sopreen. Results showed that Melia azedarach L. extract gave the highest
effective percentage (60.81) followed Styrax officinalis L. leaves and branches
and Capsicum annuum L. extracts by 31.35, 28.44 and 16.57, respectively, in
comparison with Sopreen (58.55%) after 7 days of treatment. Percentage of
efficacy decreased gradually by increasing the period of exposure after
treatment for plant extracts from 63.19% after 3 days to 51.80% after 10 days
of Melia azedarach L. extract. Whereas the efficacy percentage of Sopreen
increased from 41.67% after 3 days to 74.57% after 10 days of treatment.
The seasonal activity of beet flea beetle, Chaetocnema tibialis (Illiger), adults
was studied on sugar beet varieties at Homs Region during 2008 season.
Results obtained indicate that the beet flea beetle, Chaetocnema tibialis
(Illiger) adults was
started at the 2nd week of May to all varieties in the 1st and
2nd dates of plantation. The number tended to increase, rather gradually, from
early June reaching peak (65.9 and 97.9 holes/25 leaves) for two dates.
Two peaks occurred during 2008 season, ware as follows:
• The 1st peak occurred in the 4th week and the 2nd week of June (65.9 and
97.9 holes/25 leaves) for 1st and 2nd dates, respectively.
• The 2nd peak occurred in the 4th week of July (118.42 and 364.14 holes/25
leaves) for 1st and 2nd dates, respectively.
The results obtained indicate, that Vico sugerbeet variety was highest
susceptible (50.99 and 116.45 holes/25 leaves) for the 1st and 2nd dates,
meanwhile, Ramona and Prognos were lowest infested. The infestation started
with quite low holes (2.96 holes/25 leaves) at the 3rd week of May and increased
gradually at the 4th week of June with 65.90 holes/leaf, and in end of season
arrived to (118.42 holes/25 leaves). The infestation percentage increased by beet
flea beetle in the 2nd date (the 1st week of February) with twice of infested on
the 1st date (the 1st half of January). Six pesticides were evaluated against beet
flea beetle, results showed that Cyperino pesticide gave the highest effective
percentage (90.88%) followed Cypermethrin by (90.69%), in comparison with
Nimadol pesticide (49.35%) after two week of treatment.
It is well established that sugar content of sugar beet increases as the plant
reaches the biological maturity stage. This means that the sugar beet plant
must be left in the field to complete its growth. Farmers are usually concerned
with the hig
hest yield of sugar beet roots regardless of their content of sugar,
but sugar-processing companies are concerned mainly with the amount of
sugar extracted from a certain weight of roots, in addition to the purity of the
sugary juice.
Farmers normally receives the price of their sugar beat crop based on the
sugar content of the crop. Thus, in this type of farming, biological control is a
worldwide-procedure.
Biological maturity depends on ways of yield formation and a close control
of the mechanisms of forming yield components (no. of roots / unit area;
average root weigh; average sugar content) which require a detailed study of
the characters of the grown cultivar and the overall conditions of the growing
area.
Results showed that harvesting of sugar beet sown in fall season befor the
plant completes it’s growing cycle (in June) results in a big yield in addition to a
reduction in sugar content in the roots which inturn results in a big loss in the
national economy.
Results indicated that delaying date of harvest up to ١٨th of July markedly
increased root and sugar yield as well as sugar content in the beet roots.
Increasing nitrogen rate up to ٤٠٠ kg / ha resulted in a marked increase in root
and sugar yield / ha . On the other hand, sucrose content gradually decreased
with excess nitrogen. Higher plant density (more than ١٠٠,٠٠٠ plants /ha)
enforce for late harvesting in comparison with other densities for at least ١٠
days to obtain high yield of roots and sugar.
