To obtain high-quality sentence embeddings from pretrained language models (PLMs), they must either be augmented with additional pretraining objectives or finetuned on a large set of labeled text pairs. While the latter approach typically outperforms
the former, it requires great human effort to generate suitable datasets of sufficient size. In this paper, we show how PLMs can be leveraged to obtain high-quality sentence embeddings without the need for labeled data, finetuning or modifications to the pretraining objective: We utilize the generative abilities of large and high-performing PLMs to generate entire datasets of labeled text pairs from scratch, which we then use for finetuning much smaller and more efficient models. Our fully unsupervised approach outperforms strong baselines on several semantic textual similarity datasets.
Recipe texts are an idiosyncratic form of instructional language that pose unique challenges for automatic understanding. One challenge is that a cooking step in one recipe can be explained in another recipe in different words, at a different level o
f abstraction, or not at all. Previous work has annotated correspondences between recipe instructions at the sentence level, often glossing over important correspondences between cooking steps across recipes. We present a novel and fully-parsed English recipe corpus, ARA (Aligned Recipe Actions), which annotates correspondences between individual actions across similar recipes with the goal of capturing information implicit for accurate recipe understanding. We represent this information in the form of recipe graphs, and we train a neural model for predicting correspondences on ARA. We find that substantial gains in accuracy can be obtained by taking fine-grained structural information about the recipes into account.
This paper introduces a new video-and-language dataset with human actions for multimodal logical inference, which focuses on intentional and aspectual expressions that describe dynamic human actions. The dataset consists of 200 videos, 5,554 action l
abels, and 1,942 action triplets of the form (subject, predicate, object) that can be easily translated into logical semantic representations. The dataset is expected to be useful for evaluating multimodal inference systems between videos and semantically complicated sentences including negation and quantification.
In online forums focused on health and wellbeing, individuals tend to seek and give the following social support: emotional and informational support. Understanding the expressions of these social supports in an online COVID- 19 forum is important fo
r: (a) the forum and its members to provide the right type of support to individuals and (b) determining the long term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of the public, thereby informing interventions. In this work, we build four machine learning models to measure the extent of the following social supports expressed in each post in a COVID-19 online forum: (a) emotional support given (b) emotional support sought (c) informational support given, and (d) informational support sought. Using these models, we aim to: (i) determine if there is a correlation between the different social supports expressed in posts e.g. when members of the forum give emotional support in posts, do they also tend to give or seek informational support in the same post? (ii) determine how these social supports sought and given changes over time in published posts. We find that (i) there is a positive correlation between the informational support given in posts and the emotional support given and emotional support sought, respectively, in these posts and (ii) over time, users tended to seek more emotional support and give less emotional support.
This study examined the role of the organizational learning in simplifying
the administrative procedures from the perspective of the working staff in
Damascus Governorate.
It gives the public law of the administrative powers the permit to
carry out a series of actions to ensure the satisfaction of public needs,
thereby achieving the public need. Generally, these acts of
administrative and business are the availability of public power element
which clearly shows the composition of the administrative decision and
the administrative contract.
The research aims to identify the impact of the absence of organizational justice
dimensions: distributive justice, Procedural Justice, Interactional Justice, the spread of the
phenomenon of corruption among the workers in the city of Latakia Counc
il. Adopted Find
descriptive approach and included the research community all employees in Lattakia City
Council, the research sample are soft sample of employees amounted to (175) factor has
been the questionnaires they distributed and returned them (161) to identify and complete
for statistical analysis and response rate (92%). And the adoption of appropriate statistical
methods was the most important results that have been reached:
*The sense of workers fairly transactions was the highest relative importance
(64.26%), followed by a sense of fairness of procedures relative importance (56.68%),
followed by a sense of justice of the distribution relative importance (53.89%).
*The absence of organizational justice has an impact on the behavior of the spread of
corruption among employees in Lattakia City Council, where (60.9%) of the developments
in the spread of behaviors administrative corruption among employees is explained by the
absence of organizational justice in general changes. For each dimension of organizational
justice dimensions; the absence of distributive justice explains (54%), and the absence of
procedural Justice explains (55.5%), and the absence of Interactional Justice explains
(57.8%).
This study aimed to identify the importance of the use of analytical procedures in the
audit process through the discovery of the audit and the auditor to draw the attention of
potential risk of errors, and to show the role of analytical procedures
in reducing the cost of
the audit process, thus improving the completion of the audit process. To achieve the
objectives of the study have been identified in the theoretical side of the search on the
concept and importance and methods of analytical procedures, and the field side to find a
sample of auditors working in the Syrian Arab Republic accounts included, the number of
the final sample and approved for the purposes of research and analysis (60) auditor factor.
The study concluded the importance of using analytical procedures to reduce the potential
risk of audit, as well as effective role in reducing the cost of the audit process.
This research deals with a study evaluating opportunities to apply the Business Process
Reengineering as an input to simplify administrative procedures at the Land Bank branch in
Tartous, where research attempts to show the importance of Reengineer
ing as one of modern
management topics that must be supported and support by the management, and
characterization of the current administrative processes and procedures and work to visualize
a proposed administrative processes after application Reengineering up to the steps's work
helps to simplify AlajraratAladrah, was the preview intentional use were questionnaire
distributed to the employees in the bank, and the study concluded that there was support and
support by the management of the possibility of applying the re-engineering entrance and
simplify After application procedures Reengineering positively reflected on the staff
performance and customer satisfaction.
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر الابتكار التسويقي (الابتكار على مستوى الأفراد, الابتكار على مستوى الإجراءات, الابتكار على مستوى التكنولوجيا) على جودة الخدمات الصحية بأبعادها (الاعتمادية, الملموسية, الاستجابة, الأمان, التعاطف) في مشفى الباسل بطرطو
س.
تم جمع البيانات الأولية للبحث من خلال استبيان تم توزيعه على عينة ملائمة من مجتمع البحث, و تم تحليل هذه البيانات من خلال برنامج الـ SPSS الإحصائي. و لاختبار فرضيات الدراسة تم استخدام تحليل الانحدار البسيط و الانحدار المتعدد.
