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Register a new userEvaluation of genetic parameters and simple correlation for some morphological and quality traits in local maize population
تقدير المؤشرات الوراثية و معامل الارتباط البسيط لبعض الصفات المورفولوجية و النوعية لمجموع من الذرة الصفراء
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2013
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Field Crops
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العربية
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نفذت الدراسة في مزرعة كلية الزراعة، مزرعة خرابو، جامعة دمشق، بالعروة التكثيفية لعامي 2011 و 2012 بهدف تقدير المؤشرات الوراثية و معامل الارتباط البسيط بين الصفات النوعيـة و الإنتاجيـة لــ 79 عائلة من مجموع الذرة الصفراء Sh المحسنة باستخدام طريقة الانتخاب الأخوي الكامل وفق تـصميم القطاعات الكاملة العشوائية و بمكررين. أظهرت النتائج تأثر كل من صفات الغلة و عـدد الأيـام حتـى الإزهار المؤنث، و نسبة كل من البروتين و الزيت بالحبوب بفعل المورثات الإضافية، في حين تأثرت صفة طول النبات و نسبة النشاء بالحبوب بالمورثات ذات الأثر غير الإضافي. ارتبطت الإنتاجية بعلاقة موجبـة و معنوية مع النشاء r*= 94.0 و بعلاقات سلبية و معنوية مع عـدد الأيـام حتـى الإزهـار (r*= -98.0) و ارتفاع النبات (r*=- 95.0) و نسبة البروتين بالحبوب (r*= -52.0) ، و يمكن بذلك الاستمرار بدورات التربية و التحسين لإنتاج عائلات ذات إنتاجية حبية عالية و محتوى نشوي عالٍ و مبكرة بالإزهار (ملائمـة للعروة التكثيفية) و ذات ارتفاع متوسط (مناسب للحصاد الآلي) .
This study was conducted at the farm of Faculty of Agricultural-Kharabo as an intensive planting during 2011 and 2012 growth seasons. Using RCB design with two replications to study some genetic indices and simple linear correlation between yield and quality traits of 79 families selected from Sh population, improved by Full-sib selection. Results revealed that traits, silking days, protein percentage and oil percentage were affected by additive gene action while plant height and starch percentage were affected by non-additive gene action. Results also revealed that grain yield showed positive significant correlation with starch percentage (r=0.94*) and negative significant correlation with plant height (r=-0.95*) and protein percentage (r=-0.52*) indicating that less selection cycles are needed to improve families with high yield and starch percentage contents with early silking days (intensive planting) and medium plant height (machining cropper).
References used
Abou Deif, M. H. 2007. Estimation of gene effects on agronomic characters in five hybrids and six population of maize (Zea mays L.).World. J. of. Agric. Sci. 3(1): 86–90
AL-Ahmad, A. S. 2004. Genetic parameters for yield and its components in some new yellow maize crosses. Ph.D. Thesis, Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Egypt
AL-Yahya S. A., C. J. Bern., and C. R. J. Hurburgh. 1991. Aspirator separation of corn-fines mixtures. Transaction of the ASAE, U.S.A, 34(3) :944-949
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This study was conducted at the farm of Faculty of Agricultural –Kharabo
as an intensive crop during 201 and 2012 growing seasons. Using the
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications to study
some genetic indices for grain yiel
d and its components, of 79 families of the
Sh group of maize improved by Full-sib selection. The results indicated that
the broad sense heritability ranged from high to moderate for some yield
components (number of kernels per row, number of rows per ear, ear length,
ear diameter, the weight of whole ear, whole kernel weight and grain yield and
it was 49.6, 52.9, 46.3 79.7, 56.74, 51 and 85.2%) respectively. Additive gene
action appeared to be controlling number of kernel per row, number of rows
per ear, ear length, ear diameter،,grain yiel, the weight of whole ea, kernel
weight indicating less selection cycles are required to improve yield depending
on its components.
The research was conducted at the Maize Researches Department, General
Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus,
Syria during the summer growing seasons of 2010, 2011 and 2012. Treatments
were arranged in a Randomized
Complete Blocks Design with three
replications. The research aimed to evaluate genetic parameters for some traits
like days to 50% silking, plant and ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number
of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight and grain yield
per plant using generations means analysis of two maize hybrids (IL.292-06 ×
IL.565-06, IL.459-06 × IL.362-06) to detect epistasis and estimates of mean
effect [m], additive [d], dominance [h], additive × additive [i], additive ×
dominance [j] and dominance × dominance [l] parameters. Results showed that
the additive - dominance model was adequate to demonstrate the genetic
variation and its importance in the inheritance of most studied traits. Nonallelic
gene interaction was operating in the control of genetic variation in most
studied traits. The signs of [h] and [l] were opposite in most studied traits for
the two crosses. Also, the inheritance of all studied traits was controlled by
additive and non-additive genetic effects, but dominance gene effects play the
major role in controlling the genetic variation of the most studied traits,
suggesting that the improvement of those characters need intensive selection
through later generations. The phenotypic variations were greater than
genotypic variations for all studied traits in the two crosses, indicating greater
influence of environment in the expression of these traits. Highly significant
heterosis relative to mid and better parents, respectively was found for all
characters, and this accompanied with inbreeding depression for all traits.
Narrow sense heritability and genetic advance were low in most of the traits
due to the dominance of non-additive gene action in controlling the genetic
variation of the most studied traits and this predict low to medium values of
genetic advance through selection process.
The experiment was carried out at two planting dates in a Randomized
Complete Blocks Design with three replications at Maize Research Department,
General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (G.C.S.A.R.)
Damascus, Syria, during two cro
pping season 2011 and 2012 to study the
phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability, genetic advance,
phenotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis for grain yield per plant,
its components and the height of plant and ear of two maize hybrids (IL.292-06
× IL.565-06, IL.459-06 × IL.362-06).
Six population seeds of three yellow maize hybrids were formed at Agricultural Research Center, Homs, during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons. Their plants were evaluated in 2010. The present work aims to determine the genetic parameters in six populati
ons (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2). Mean square results showed significant differences among mean values for all traits in all crosses. Significant heterosis values were positive and relative comparing to mid and better parent for most traits. The potence ratios exceeded (+1) in all traits and crosses except ear height, indicating thus over-dominance. In breeding, depression values were significant in most traits for Cross-1, while their values were non- significant in all traits for Cross-2 except plant height, and also in Cross-3 except plant height and grain yield per plant. In most traits epestasis or dominance gene action occupied the first rank in the genetic effects in order of importance to cross, with the exception of number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row and grain yield per plant where additive gene action occupied the first rank for Cross-2 and Cross-1 respectively. Therefore, it could be suggested that selection for most studied traits in the subsequent generations will be relatively more effective than in the early generations.
This study was conducted at the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture in
Kharabo during 2011 2012 growing season. RCB design with two replicates was
used and the correlation and regression relationship among characters were
tested. Results showed tha
t plant and ear heights were both positively
correlated with some quantitative characters (number of kernels per row،
number of rows per ear, 100 kernel Wight, and kernels weight per ear).
Regression results also showed that the increase in plant and ear height was
associated with an increase in number of rows per ear, kernels weight per ear
and 100 kernel wight. It was concluded that plant height and/or ear height can
be used as a direct selection index for number of rows per ear, kernels weight
per ear and 100 kernel wight.
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