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Register a new userStudy of soil erosion Risk for watershed AlKabeer AlShamali River in Lattakia by using remote sensing and GIS technologies
دراسة خطر انجراف ترب حوض نهر الكبير الشمالي في محافظة اللاذقية باستخدام تقنية الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية
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Tishreen University أطروحة دكتوراه
Publication date
2014
fields
Agricultural Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
Created by
Shamra Editor
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إن خطر انجراف التربة من أهم المشاكل والتحديات التي تواجه الموارد الطبيعية في الساحل السوري في وقتنا الحالي , وخصوصاً المناطق المحيطة بالأنهار والتجمعات المائية .
The risk of soil erosion is the most important problem and challenges facing the agricultural process in the Syrian coast at the present time, especially in the areas surrounding rivers and water bodies.
Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة خطر انجراف التربة في حوض نهر الكبير الشمالي في محافظة اللاذقية باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية. تهدف الدراسة إلى تحديد مناطق خطورة الانجراف المائي وتقييمها باستخدام نموذجين تجريبيين هما: نموذج كورين (CORINE) والمعادلة العالمية المعدلة لفقد التربة (RUSLE). اعتمدت الدراسة على حساب مؤشرات مختلفة مثل قابلية التربة للانجراف، وعامل المطر، وعامل الميل، وعامل الغطاء النباتي. تم إعداد خرائط لكل مؤشر من هذه المؤشرات وتم دمجها للحصول على خارطة الخطر المحتمل للانجراف. أظهرت النتائج أن 2.47% من المساحة المدروسة تواجه خطر انجراف شديد، بينما كان الخطر متوسطاً في 22.18% ومنخفضاً في 75.35% من المساحة المدروسة. كما أكدت الدراسة أن الغطاء الأرضي هو العامل الأكثر تأثيراً في انجراف التربة، حيث أدى إلى خفض الخطر المحتمل الشديد بنسبة 61.40%. استخدمت المعادلة العالمية المعدلة للتنبؤ بكميات التربة المفقودة بفعل الانجراف المائي، وتم تصنيف النتائج إلى خمسة صفوف تتراوح من القليل جداً إلى الشديد جداً. توصلت الدراسة إلى أن استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية يعد وسيلة فعالة ودقيقة لتقييم خطر انجراف التربة وتحديد التوزع المكاني لمناطق الخطورة خلال زمن قصير وبكلفة قليلة لمساحة كبيرة. كما أظهرت الدراسة أهمية الغطاء النباتي في حماية التربة من الانجراف وأوصت بضرورة وضع خطط صيانة التربة بشكل سريع لحماية المنطقة الساحلية من خطر الانجراف المائي.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة خطوة مهمة في مجال تقييم خطر انجراف التربة باستخدام تقنيات حديثة مثل الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض النقد البناء لتحسين الدراسة. أولاً، كان من الأفضل تضمين بيانات ميدانية أكثر تفصيلاً لدعم النتائج المستخلصة من النماذج التجريبية. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى تأثير العوامل البشرية مثل النشاطات الزراعية والبناء على خطر الانجراف. ثالثاً، يمكن تحسين دقة النماذج المستخدمة من خلال دمج تقنيات تحليل بيانات أكثر تطوراً. وأخيراً، يجب أن تتضمن الدراسة توصيات أكثر تفصيلاً حول كيفية تنفيذ خطط صيانة التربة بناءً على النتائج المستخلصة.
Questions related to the research
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ما هي الأهداف الرئيسية للدراسة؟
تهدف الدراسة إلى تحديد مناطق خطورة الانجراف المائي في حوض نهر الكبير الشمالي وتقييمها باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية، وتطبيق نموذجين تجريبيين هما نموذج كورين والمعادلة العالمية المعدلة لفقد التربة.
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ما هي العوامل التي تم حسابها في نموذج كورين؟
تم حساب عدة عوامل في نموذج كورين، منها قابلية التربة للانجراف، وعامل المطر، وعامل الميل، وعامل الغطاء النباتي.
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ما هي النسبة المئوية للمساحة المدروسة التي تواجه خطر انجراف شديد؟
أظهرت النتائج أن 2.47% من المساحة المدروسة تواجه خطر انجراف شديد.
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كيف تم تصنيف كميات التربة المفقودة المحتملة في منطقة الدراسة؟
تم تصنيف كميات التربة المفقودة المحتملة إلى خمسة صفوف: القليل جداً (0-30 طن/هكتار/سنة)، القليل (30-50 طن/هكتار/سنة)، المتوسط (50-70 طن/هكتار/سنة)، الشديد (70-100 طن/هكتار/سنة)، والشديد جداً (أكثر من 100 طن/هكتار/سنة).
References used
نحال, ابراهيم . 1998. تحديات الزراعة المستدامة في سورية وبلاد شرقي المتوسط . مجلة جامعة دمشق للعوم الزراعية , المجلد4:22-13.
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The soil water erosion risk is one of the most important problems and
challenges facing the agricultural process in the Syrian coast today. The aim
of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of dangerous areas of
water erosion in the
basin of the Mrqyieh River using CORINE model. To
achieve this objective, the first phase of the study was to evaluate the soil
erosion viability based on soil characteristics (soil texture, soil depth and
percentage of stones); these properties were classified according to their
influence degree on soil erosion. The potential risk erosion map was based
on crossing all information obtained from soil erodibility, erosivity index
and the degree of slope at study area by using GIS technologies. The land
cover map of the study was produced and classified to two classes
depending on soil protection degree. Then, an actual risk map of soil erosion
was prepared after crossing land cover and potential risk erosion classes of
study sites. This study showed that 14.8% of the studied area facing high
risk of soil erosion, while the soil risk was moderate in 40.4% and low in
44.8% of the study area. The highly risked erosion area was located in the
center, northern and northwest parts of the study area. Moreover, the study
confirmed that the land cover is the most influential factor on soil water
erosion. The results showed that the Corine model for soil water erosion
mapping is a highly effective and cost-effective approach
In developing countries, where resources are often scarce, land availability, productivity potential, capability and sustainability for agriculture and, planning and maximizing the use of the land resources for a particular land utilization type is e
ssential. In order to ensure appropriate decision and, continued and sustainable productivity, thereby continuing to support the population economically without degradation, land use planning is essential. Remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems(GIS) are useful tools in land use planning processes .in this study 4 landscape units (costal leveled plains ,valleys and channel bed, Piedmont :slight slopping ,moderately slopping ,sever slopping ,and Summit unit) were described and compared its characteristics with the land utilization requirements for 6 land utilization types (LUT1: irrigated citrus low mechanized ,LUT2: irrigated potato high mechanized ,LUT3: irrigated tomato medium mechanized,LUT4: rainfed olive low mechanized,LUT5:rainfed wheat low mechanized, LUT6:natural forests)by using LAMIS program .the results showed that43.07% of studied area is moderate suitability S3, 27.9% is low suitabilityS4 ,and 20.24% is unsuitable N1.the land suitability evaluation for LUT2 :35.18% good suitability S2 ,35.17% moderate suitabilityS3 and 20.24% low suitability S4 and for LUT3:50.97% good suitability S2,20.04% moderate suitabilityS3 and 20.24% low suitability S4. 43.07% of lands are very suitable S1 for LUT4 ,27.91% good suitability S2 and 20.24% moderate suitabilityS3.for LUT6 ; land suitability evaluation shown that 59.24% of lands are very suitable S1 and 31.93% good suitable S2.
Land use planning processes include matching between physical and socio-economic conditions by using Definite program .optimal land utilization types are determined depending on 3 multi-criteria ( costs ,gross margin , water requirements for irrigation) and according to two scenarios ( SC1:conservative scenario with concerned to water requirements , SC2:economic scenario with concerned to gross margin ).the results showed that LUT4 is the optimal current land use type of all three physiographic units (costal leveled plains ,valleys and channel bed and slight slopping).2 suggested land utilization types ( LUT7:irrigated kiwi low mechanized ,LUT8:irrigated groundnuts high mechanized) are proposed to costal leveled plains and compared with LUT4,comparison results shown that LUT4 is the optimal land use according to SC1 and LUT7 is the optimal land use type according to SC2.for valley and
channel bed unit , the optimal land use type according to SC1 is multiple land use type ( rainfed wheat under rainfed olive trees) and according to SC2 is LUT7.3 land utilization types(LUT7,LUT8,LUT9: rainfed lentil low mechanized)are suggested for slight slopping piedmont .the results of planning process showed that the optimal land use type is LUT4 for both scenarios SC1,SC2.
The objective of this article is describing the changes of the coastline shape during
the time period extended between 1973-2014.
the coastal zone is very special because it occur at the interface between the three
major natural systems at the ear
th surface atmosphere, ocean and land surface.
Geomorphological factors operating in all three of these systems are responsible for
shaping the coastal zone, and the interaction between the three different sets of processes
makes the coastal zone an extremely dynamic one.
At present, a wide range of tools and techniques are available to help us to study the
evolution of coastline during the time intervals determined by the available data, and thus
become our ability to predict future changes.
improve our understanding of the geomorphological processes affect the coastal
zone allow us to minimize their effects, and use this knowledge in the development of
comprehensive coastal zone management planning.
The research aimed to study vegetation change detection of Lattakia province by
using remote sensing techniques, By applicating Normalized Differences Vegetation Index
(NDVI) due to what these techniques had from quickly, accuracy, and completely.
In
addition to saving efforts and money. that change detection methods have showed by
applicating it on Sentinel2 images the plant situation, it's area and distribution in the
studied area.
In addition to knowing plant's cover changes through time passing. Putting geo
databases which benefit in knowing plant situation, and the periodicity supervision for it's
changes.
The yearly and monthly changes of vegetation cover have been studied in Lattakia
province, By making change detection for plants cover of march between (2016-2017).
Then making change detection between march and august of 2017. It was observed that
there were no big changes, Whether increasing or decreasing for plants cover when
studying the yearly changes. While there was big decreasing of plants cover at western
plain areas of province when studying the monthly changes between march and august due
to raising of temperatures. And big increasing of vegetation in high areas.
This study aimed to describe the water erosion modeling in Daher Aljabal
and its surrounding areas in Al-Sowaida Governorate based on GIA and RS.
The water erosion risk map was obtained by applying GIS model developed on
the basis of ten factors i
nfluencing the erosion process. GIS layers were built
for every factor. The weights for all factors were added together. Based on sum
of these factors, water erosion was divided into six erosion risk levels. Results
showed that 12% of the study area was classified in levels 5 and 6, which reflect
high and very high water erosion risks. Land topography was the main factor
in water soil erosion. Terraces are effective ways to decrease the water soil
erodability. Results also showed that GIS and RS were powerful tools in water
erosion risk assessment mapping.
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