Do you want to publish a course? Click here

Relationship between Human Usage of Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance (Lattakia as a case)

مساهمة في دراسة العلاقة ما بين الاستهلاك البشري للصادات الحيوية و انتشار المقاومة البكتيرية لها (مثال محافظة اللاذقية)

1194   0   50   0 ( 0 )
 Publication date 2004
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




Ask ChatGPT about the research

20 antibiotics were monitored for their sales for six months, through official prescriptions in six drug stores throughout Lattakia. Percent proportions of sale for each antibiotic were reported. These statistical data were correlated with laboratory studies on screening these antibiotics on different bacterial strains that collected from different laboratories and hospitals of Lattakia. The purpose of this continuous study is to undertake an assessment of levels of antibiotic resistance by local isolated bacteria, and to determine the factors influencing the offspring of that resistance. 1430 medical prescriptions were reported, 965 of them (i.e.: 67, 48%) contained one or more antibiotic. In addition, there were 340 cases of nonofficial sales of some distinct antibiotics. 275 of bacterial strains were isolated from clinical specimens (mostly were as urogenital, pharyngeal, wounds, and burns infections). These strains distributed as follow: 183 (i.e.: 66, 54%), were Enterobacteriaceae strains.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة العلاقة بين استخدام المضادات الحيوية البشرية ومقاومة البكتيريا في مدينة اللاذقية. تم مراقبة مبيعات 20 مضاد حيوي على مدى ستة أشهر من خلال وصفات طبية رسمية في ست صيدليات. تم تحليل البيانات الإحصائية وربطها بدراسات مخبرية لفحص تأثير هذه المضادات الحيوية على سلالات بكتيرية مختلفة تم جمعها من مختبرات ومستشفيات مختلفة في اللاذقية. الهدف من الدراسة هو تقييم مستويات مقاومة المضادات الحيوية من قبل البكتيريا المحلية وتحديد العوامل المؤثرة على هذه المقاومة. تم تحليل 1430 وصفة طبية، 965 منها (67.48%) تحتوي على مضاد حيوي واحد أو أكثر. كما تم تسجيل 340 حالة بيع غير رسمي لبعض المضادات الحيوية. تم عزل 275 سلالة بكتيرية من عينات سريرية، وكانت معظمها من التهابات المسالك البولية والجهاز التنفسي والجروح والحروق. أظهرت النتائج مستويات عالية من المقاومة بين معظم السلالات المعزولة، وكانت المقاومة المتعددة شائعة. تراوحت معادلات الارتباط بين نسب المبيعات وقيم مقاومة المضادات الحيوية من ضعيفة إلى قوية، حيث كانت أضعف قيمة لمعامل الارتباط لبكتيريا Pseudomonas aeruginosa وStaphylococcus aureus، بينما كانت أعلى قيمة لمعامل الارتباط لأعضاء عائلة Enterobacteriaceae. كانت مستويات المقاومة عالية للمضادات الحيوية التي تم بيعها مباشرة بين جميع البكتيريا المختبرة.
Critical review
تعد هذه الدراسة خطوة مهمة في فهم العلاقة بين استخدام المضادات الحيوية ومقاومة البكتيريا في اللاذقية. ومع ذلك، هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الأفضل توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل مناطق جغرافية أخرى للحصول على صورة أكثر شمولية. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى العوامل البيئية والاجتماعية التي قد تؤثر على مقاومة البكتيريا. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن استخدام تقنيات تحليلية أكثر تقدماً لتحليل البيانات والحصول على نتائج أكثر دقة. وأخيراً، لم يتم تقديم توصيات واضحة حول كيفية تقليل مقاومة المضادات الحيوية بناءً على النتائج المستخلصة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة؟

    الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو تقييم مستويات مقاومة المضادات الحيوية من قبل البكتيريا المحلية وتحديد العوامل المؤثرة على هذه المقاومة.

  2. كم عدد الوصفات الطبية التي تم تحليلها في الدراسة؟

    تم تحليل 1430 وصفة طبية في الدراسة.

  3. ما هي السلالات البكتيرية التي أظهرت أعلى مستوى من مقاومة المضادات الحيوية؟

    أظهرت سلالات Enterobacteriaceae أعلى مستوى من مقاومة المضادات الحيوية.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي يمكن استخلاصها من الدراسة لتقليل مقاومة المضادات الحيوية؟

    لم يتم تقديم توصيات واضحة في الدراسة، ولكن يمكن اقتراح تقليل الاستخدام غير الرسمي للمضادات الحيوية وتوعية الجمهور حول الاستخدام الصحيح لها.


References used
Arnold,K.E.,Legiadro,R.J.,Brieman,R.F.,Lipman,H.B.,Schwartz,B., Appelton,M.A.,Cleveland,K.O.,Szeto,H.C.,Hill,B.C.,Tenover,F.C.,Ell iot,J.A.,and Facklam, R.R. 1996. Risk factors for carriage of drugresistant Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in Memphis, Tennessee. J.Pediatr.128:757-764
Bajaj,J.K.,Karyakarte,R.P.,Kulkarni,J.D.,Deshmukh,A.B.1999.Prev elence of resistant Staphylococcus aureus at Aurangabad.Jour.Commun.Dis.Sep;31(3):173-176
Ballow,C.H and Schentag,J.J.1992.Trends in antibiotic utlization and bacterial resistance-report of the Ntional Nosocomial Resistance Survillance Group.Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 15,Suppl2,37-42
rate research

Read More

This paper tests the relationship between economic growth and human development using annual data from Syria for the period 1970-2000. This period is chosen for two reasons; firstly because of its political and economic homogeneity which is conduc tive to arrive at accurate results and secondly because the significant changes in the Syrian government's policies in the fields of education and health like the opining for the first time of private universities and open learning programs and the involvement of the private sector in providing health services and health insurance.
The Informal housing phenomenon is one of the dangerous residential challenges facing governments in many cities of the world. Informal housing happens when a crosssection of society tries to solve their housing problems by themselves without gover nment supervision or interference. This stems from their limited financial and cultural abilities, triggering a residential environment requiring sound designing and arrangement. There will not be a final solution to informal housing in sight without addressing the reasons that cause the informal housing phenomenon and ways of handling them. Moreover, internal migration is one of the main reasons for informal housing that researchers agree on. So, this recent research investigates the internal migration phenomenon being one of the reasons for studying and analyzing its volume and direction. This is a first step towards examining the correlation between the informal housing phenomenon and internal migration. This research also deals with the internal migration effect on the demographic properties of informal housing areas by a field study of a number of informal housing areas in Lattakia. This study shows that internal migration is one of the component factors for informal housing, showing its clear effect on the demographic features of informal housing areas.
Customer Retention Management (CRM) provides a strong competitive advantage for the organization to stay in the market. It helps management to track customer interactions with the organization and allows employees access to all customer,s previous information; CRM gains its importance by creating a strategic vision to achieve the organization's goals of maintaining customers and reaching loyalty through integration with marketing policies and product development To increase the sales of the organization and to make offers that attract the target customer and interact with him in a way that ensures its preservation. The aim of the study is to define the reality of the application of CRM during the crisis period )8402-8400( in the Syrian private banks in Lattakia, and study the dimensions of customer relationship management in these banks, and then study the impact of these dimensions on the performance indicators that were measured through indicators of profitability, customer complaints, strong relationships with customers, customer satisfaction and loyalty. In order to achieve this, two main hypotheses were formulated. The researcher used the questionnaire technique to collect the data analyzed using statistical tests, the most important of which were the one-sample t. test, and the Pearson Correlation test. The researcher has reached several results, the most important of which is: a good evaluation of the availability of CRM dimensions in the studied banks, and there is a positive relationship between these dimensions and performance.
Self-medication with antibiotics is a worldwide problem and led to several problems such as antimicrobial resistance. A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in Latakia city. Among 259 participants, 204(78.8%) reported a ntibiotics self-medication within past one year. Respiratory problems such as common cold were the main indication for self-medication with antibiotics (62.9%) and amoxicillin+ clavulanic acid was the most antibiotic commonly used (35.37%). The results of this study confirm that self-medication with antibiotics is a frequent problem in Latakia city.
The research aims to analyze the reality of the health service in the Syrian private hospitals in Lattakia City; by answering the following questions: * What is the level of the health service in hospitals in terms of the availability of the follo wing basic dimensions: Tangibility, empathy, responsiveness, assurance and security, reliability and credibility? * What is the impact of the dimensions of health service quality in customer satisfaction? The survey form was designed and distributed to (105) customer of the patients who checked in private hospitals in Lattakia City, where a convenience sample was chosen. The results of research indicated, that there is a good understanding of the following dimensions: Tangibility, empathy, responsiveness, and assurance and security between members of the research sample. The study results also indicated that there is a significant and positive effect of (empathy and emphasize security and reliability) dimensions on customer satisfaction as dependent variable, which the regression model explained (80%) of the differences in customer satisfaction, while Tangibility and speed of response did not affect customer satisfaction as a dependent variable.
comments
Fetching comments Fetching comments
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا