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Register a new userGenetic relationships for yield and its components in durum wheat
العلاقات الوراثية للغلة الحبية و مكوناتها في القمح القاسي
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ُأجريت الدراسة في محطة بحوث قرحتا التابعة للهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية فـي دمـشق، سورية خلال الموسمين الزراعيين 2009 -2010 و 2010 -2011 ،زرعت في تجربة بتصميم القطاعات الكاملة العشوائية (RCBD) في ثلاثة مكررات بهدف تقييم متوسط عدد السنابل في النبـات (PL/SP)، و متوسط عدد الحبوب في السنبلة (SP/GR) و متوسط وزن الألف حبة (TKW) و الغلة الحبية/النبـات (P/GY) ، و دراسة بعض المؤشرات الوراثية: كدرجة التوريـث بـالمعنى الواسـع (BSH) و الـضيق (NSH) و مقدار التقدم الوراثي المتوقع (GA) للغلة و مكوناتها. حصل على حبـوب العـشائر الخمـسة لثلاثة هجن منتخبة من القمح القاسي ناتجة عن التهجين بطريقة التهجين نصف التبادلي بين خمسة آباء. أظهرت نتائج تحليل التباين وجود فرق معنوي بين عشائر كل هجـين للـصفات المدروسـة كافـة، و راوحت قيمة درجة التوريث بالمعنى الواسع بين العاليـة و المعتدلـة لكـل مـن عـدد الـسنابل فـي النبات (PL/SP)، و عدد الحبوب في السنبلة (SP/GR) ، و وزن الألف حبة (TKW)، و الغلـة الحبيـة/ ،73 ،73) ،(85 ،60 ،74) ،(80 ،38 ،38) ،(40،57 ،75): التـوالي علـى و بلغـت (GY/P) النبات 71). إذ لوحظ سيطرة الفعل التراكمي للمورثات على معظم الصفات، ما يشير إلى الحاجة لدورات انتخابية أقل لتحسين تلك الصفات.
This study was carried out at Karahta Station, Dept. of Field Crops Researches, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (GCSAR) Damascus, Syria, during the growing seasons (2009-2010, 2010-2011). The crosses were grown inatrial using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates in order to evaluate number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike, thousand kernel weight and grain yield per plant and estimate some genetic indices: broad scenes heritability (BSH), narrow scenes heritability (NSH), and genetic advance (GA). Seeds of five populations of the three evaluated single hybrids were formed by crossing of five inbred lines. Analysis of variance results showed significant differences among mean values of the five populations of each cross for all studied traits. The results revealed that the broad scenes heritability ranged between high and moderate for the following productivity traits (SP/PL, GR/SP, TKW and GY/P) and it was (75, 40, 57) (38, 80, 38) (74, 60, 85) and (73, 73, 71) for the three crosses, respectively. Additive gene action noticed on most traits indicated less selection cycles to improve these traits.
References used
Allard, R. W. 1960. Principles ofplant breeding. New York, John Wiley, PP. 485
Burton, G. W. 1951. Quantitative inheritance in pearl millet (PennisetumglaucumL.). Agro. J. 43: 409- 417
Dudley, J. W. and R. H. Moll.1969. Interpretations and use ofestimates of heritability and genetic variances in plant breeding. Crop Sci.9: 257-262
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This study was carried out in cooperation between the Faculty of
Agriculture, Damascus University and the General Commission for Scientific
Agricultural Research (GCSAR) in Karahta station of field crops researches
during two growing seasons (2003
-04 & 2004-05).
Four local improved barley lines and cultivars (female parents) were
crossed with five exotic lines and cultivars (male parents) using line × tester
method. The crosses were grown along with their parents in a randomized
complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to estimate general
combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability(SCA) and both mid and
high parent heterosis for number of spikes per plant, number of grains per
spike, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield per plant.
Five improved genotypes of durum wheat (T. turgidum var. durum) (Lahn,
Cham1, Gezira17, Bouhouth 5, and Acsad 65) were planted under the
conditions of the agricultural region (Bouka) of the Faculty of Agriculture-
Tishreen University during the ag
ricultural year 2002-2003, with a split-plot
arrangement to study the effects of flag leaf removal on grain yield and its
components.The genotypes differed significantly in flag leaf area, stomatal
frequency, yield parameters and protein content.
Flag leaf removal significantly reduced plant height, number of spikelets/
spike, number of grains/ spike, 1000 kernels weight and grain yield, while grain
protein content significantly increased.
There was a positive correlation between the flag leaf area and 1000-
kernels weight and grain yield, but protein content was negatively correlated
with grain yield.
The Experiment was conducted during the successive growing
seasons (2013/2014- 2014/2015) where half–diallel hybridization was
conducted between eight genotypes of bread wheat.
This study was carried out through the cooperation between Faculty of
Agricultural Damascus University and General Commission of Agricultural
Scientific Researches in Karahta station of field crops researches during 2010-
2011 and 2011-2012 succes
sive seasons. Four hybrids of durum wheat namely
(Duma1*Sauady), (Buhuth9*Q88), (Sham7*Q130) and (Horaney*Q131) were
evaluated to estimate heritability, genetic advance, heterosis and inbreeding
depression for days to heading ,grain filing period, plant height, number of
spikes per plant, and number of grains per plant. The mean average for all
these traits revealed highly significant differences among crosses. Low in
protein content trait (23-69%), medium in grain yield per plant (38-70) and
high heritability in thousand kernel weight (62-81%) were found. All hybrids
showed the highest for both mid and better parents heterosis for protein
content and gluten traits. High heritability was accompanied by high genetic
advance for thousand kernel weight. Low heritability was coupled with low
genetic advance for grain yield per plant, protein content and gluten. However,
greater magnitude of heritability coupled with higher genetic advance in some
traits provided that these parameters were under the control of additive genetic
effects. This indicates that selection should lead to fast genetic improvement of
the material. Moreover, the high genetic correlations for most of the traits,
suggested a strong inherent association among these traits at the genetic level.
Thus these traits deserve better attention in future breeding programs for
evolving better wheat in stress environments.
Seven cotton genotypes (Rkka5, Aleppo1-33, Aleppo90 – Aleppo 118,
Aleppo 40, Deir22, and Line124), were used to estimate variance and genetic
and phenotypic correlations between seed cotton productivity and its
components [earliness in flowering a
nd maturity(day), plant height (cm),
number of vegetative and reproductive branches, number of bolls per plant,
100 seed weight (g), average boll weight (g), lint percentage (%), and plant yield
(g)], to be used as selection indices for higher yield performance in breeding
programs. The experiment was carried out in Al-Ghab region (Hama) in 2012-
2013 growing season using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with
three replications.
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